perception.-organisational behavior
TRANSCRIPT
Perception Prof. Shrinivas V K
Prof. SVK
Definition
“Perception is the process of receiving information about and making sense
of the world around us. It involves deciding which information to notice, how to categorize this information and how to interpret it within the framework of our existing knowledge”
Prof. SVK
Perception
“ The process by which people select, organize, interpret, and respond to information from the world around them”
“Perception (consciously and unconsciously) involves searching for, obtaining, and processing information in the mind in an attempt to make sense of the world”
Prof. SVK
Factors that Influence Perception
Prof. SVK
Situation factors
• Time
• Work setting
• Social setting
Prof. SVK
Object / Target / PerceivedPerceived characteristics
• Novelty • Motion• Sounds• Size• Background• Proximity
Prof. SVK
Background
Prof. SVK
Background
Prof. SVK
Background
Prof. SVK
Size
Prof. SVK
Size
Prof. SVK
Background/size
Prof. SVK
Prof. SVK
Prof. SVK
Prof. SVK
Prof. SVK
Motion
Prof. SVK
Background
Prof. SVK
Word Color Test
In this test DO NOT READ the words, say aloud the COLOR of each word.
YELLOW BLUE ORANGEBLACK RED GREEN
PURPLE YELLOW REDORANGE GREEN BLACK
BLUE RED PURPLEGREEN BLUE ORANGE
Prof. SVK
Factors Affecting Judgment• Attribution Theory
• Perceptual Errors– Selective Perception– Halo Effect– Contrast Effects– Projection– Stereotyping
Prof. SVK
Attribution Theory• When individuals observe behavior, they
attempt to determine whether it is internally or externally caused.– Distinctiveness
• Does individual act the same way in other situations?– Consensus
• Does individual act the same as others in same situation?
– Consistency • Does the individual act the same way over time?
Prof. SVK
Attribution Theory E X H I B I T 5-2
Prof. SVK
Prof. SVK
Attribution Theory• Fundamental Attribution Error
– The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others.
• Self-Serving Bias– The tendency for individuals to attribute their
own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors.
Prof. SVK
Perceptual Errors / Frequently used Shortcuts in judging others
• Selective Perception– People selectively interpret what they see
based on their interests, background, experience, and attitudes
• Halo Effect– Drawing a general impression about an
individual based on a single characteristic
• Contrast Effects– A person’s evaluation is affected by
comparisons with other individuals recently encountered
Prof. SVK
Perceptual Errors• Projection
– Tendency for people to see their own characteristics in other people
• Stereotyping– Judging someone on the basis of your
perception of the group to which that person belongs
• Expectancy Theory- Tendency to bias perception of events
objects and people based on prior expectation
Prof. SVK
Prof. SVK
Impression Management
• The process used by individuals to control the impression others form at them.• Punctual• Doing favours• Playing safe• Opinion confirmity
Prof. SVK
Johari window
Prof. SVK
Organizational relevance • Employee interview
• Performance expectations {self fulfilling prophecy / Pygmalion effect}
• Performance evaluation
Prof. SVK