perdue farms, inc. vice-president, technical services ... · perdue farms, inc $6 billion total...
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Soybean Meal in Poultry Diets
Randy Mitchell, PhDVice-President, Technical Services
Perdue Farms, Inc.
Perdue Farms, Inc● $6 billion total sales (2/3 foods; 1/3 Agribusiness)● Family-owned and privately held since 1920● Jim Perdue is third-generation Perdue to lead the company
● Third largest broiler and 8th largest turkey producer in US.● Largest producer of Organic chicken and leader in Antibiotic
free chicken, turkey (and Pork!)● Agribusiness includes soy crushing, grain, trading and export● OUR VISION: To be the most trusted name in food and
agricultural products.
Soybean Meal Use in Poultry
● Soybean Meal serves as an excellent balance of protein for poultry diets (except for Methionine).
● It serves as the major protein source and base ingredient for nearly all poultry diets.
● Properly Processed Meal has excellent AA digestibility● Average Soymeal Inclusion in Poultry Feeds (Agristats Oct’12):
● Starter – 29% (range 20% - 36%)● Grower – 23% (range 15% - 28%)● Withdrawal – 18% (range 9% - 22%)
Soybean Meal Use in Poultry
● Major negatives for poultry include:● Indigestible carbohydrates (oligosaccharides) ● Low energy to poultry● Low Phosphorus Digestibility● Trypsin Inhibitor● High Potassium(?)
● High inclusion above 35% in broilers can result in litter quality issues.
Pressure on Inclusion of Soybean Meal
● The focus on using alternative ingredients to lower cost has put pressure on meal use. ● Animal By-Products (Feather Meal, Meat/bone Meal)● DDGS● Canola Meal● Corn Gluten Meal● Peanut Meal● Import Meal and beans?
Current Trends Affecting Soybean Meal Usage
● Formulating to the Digestible Amino Acids requirements versus Crude Protein.● Many Nutritionists are removing or lowering the
crude protein threshold and looking at key amino
acids (now up to 4th or 5th limiting).
Amino Acids as a Percentage of Protein
Amino Acid Soybean Meal Corn DDGSLysine 6.12% 3.42%
Methionine 1.34% 1.98%
Threonine 3.90% 3.73%
Tryptophan 1.34% 0.80%
Arginine 7.29% 4.30%
Isoleucine 4.54% 3.65%
Valine 4.73% 4.87%
Current Trends Affecting Soybean Meal Usage
● Enzymes to improve phosphorus digestibility (Phytase).
● Higher yield breeds with higher protein requirements.
● Use of Lower energy diets.
Future Trends that could affect Soybean Meal Usage
● Availability of more synthetic amino acids (i.e. isoleucine, valine, arginine)
● Proteases to improve protein digestion (lower overall dietary protein).
● Trend towards all veggie diets?● Environmental regulations (N)?
How to improve soybean meal value
● Low-Oligosaccharide varieties to increase energy content
● Maintain High Protein Meal● Processing factors
How to improve soybean meal value
● Low-Oligosaccharide varieties to increase energy content● Raffinose and Stachyose are not utilized well in
monogastrics.● Varieties with lower Raff/Stach and higher sucrose
improve ME of poultry around 100 kcals/lb.
How to improve soybean meal value
● Maintain High Protein Meal● Higher Protein Beans = Higher Protein Meal
● The value of soybean meal is driven by protein level.● A trend towards lower protein meal?● Beans with higher oil and lower protein tend to produce
lower protein meal thereby reducing its value.
How to improve soybean meal value
● Processing Factors:● Lower Fiber (improved dehulling?)● Continue focus on processing quality
● Low trypsin inhibitor● High amino acid availability
● Grind Size ● Optimize for Poultry
Where should Soybean Meal be in 5 years?
● What would make poultry use more domestic soybean meal?
● Make alternatives discount to the point of taking export.● Improved Energy utilization● Better Protein Quality (lower N output)● Fewer Concerns about litter quality