performance-based specifications work package 5

05.07.2004 Mid-term meeting London 1

Performance-based Performance-based specificationsspecifications

Work Package 5Work Package 5

Modelling of permanent Modelling of permanent deformation in unbound granular deformation in unbound granular

and bituminous materialsand bituminous materials


Partners in Work Package 5Partners in Work Package 5

• Danish Road Institute, DRI, DKDanish Road Institute, DRI, DK

(subcontractor : Asfaltindustrien), AI, DK(subcontractor : Asfaltindustrien), AI, DK• Laboratoire Central des Pont et Chaussées, LCPC, Laboratoire Central des Pont et Chaussées, LCPC,

FF• Instituto Superior Tèchnico, IST, PInstituto Superior Tèchnico, IST, P• Institut für Strassenbau und Institut für Strassenbau und

Strassenunterhaltung, Technishes Universität, Strassenunterhaltung, Technishes Universität, Wien, ISTU, AWien, ISTU, A

• Shell Global Solutions S.A., SHELL, FShell Global Solutions S.A., SHELL, F• Transport Research Laboratory, TRL, UKTransport Research Laboratory, TRL, UK


Key personal in Work Package 5Key personal in Work Package 5

• Erik Nielsen, DRI/AI, leader of WP and task 5.1Erik Nielsen, DRI/AI, leader of WP and task 5.1

• Pierre Hornych, LCPC, leader of task 5.2Pierre Hornych, LCPC, leader of task 5.2• Absamad El Abd, LCPCAbsamad El Abd, LCPC

• Antonio Gomez Correia, ISTAntonio Gomez Correia, IST• Sandra M. R. Ferreira, ISTSandra M. R. Ferreira, IST

• Ronald Blab, ISTU, leader of task 5.3Ronald Blab, ISTU, leader of task 5.3• Barbara Gagliano, ISTUBarbara Gagliano, ISTU• Karl Franz Kappl, ISTUKarl Franz Kappl, ISTU

Michael Wistuba, ISTU, liason to COST 347Michael Wistuba, ISTU, liason to COST 347

• Richard C. Koole, SHELLRichard C. Koole, SHELL• Laurent Porot, SHELLLaurent Porot, SHELL

• Cliff Nicholls, TRLCliff Nicholls, TRL


ObjectivesObjectives

• prepare and facilitate the production of a prepare and facilitate the production of a new set of performance-based new set of performance-based specifications for pavement materials specifications for pavement materials

• focus on permanent deformation in focus on permanent deformation in unbound granular and bituminous layersunbound granular and bituminous layers

• assess and develop predictive models for assess and develop predictive models for permanent deformationpermanent deformation

• make the models independent on the make the models independent on the nature of the materials (both traditional nature of the materials (both traditional and alternative)and alternative)


Tasks defined to reach the Tasks defined to reach the objectivesobjectives

• Task 5.1Task 5.1 collect a database of well-collect a database of well-docu-mented real loading tests (RLT) docu-mented real loading tests (RLT) and accele-rated loading tests (ALT) and accele-rated loading tests (ALT) to fit the need of other activities in to fit the need of other activities in Work Package 5 Work Package 5

(this task is clearly a supportive activity (this task is clearly a supportive activity to facilitate the calibration and to facilitate the calibration and

validation of the main objective of validation of the main objective of Work Package 5)Work Package 5)


Tasks defined to reach the Tasks defined to reach the objectiveobjective

• Main activity is to assess and develop Main activity is to assess and develop models of predictive nature together with models of predictive nature together with associated test protocols to provide the associated test protocols to provide the necessary input for the models necessary input for the models describing permanent defor-mation.describing permanent defor-mation.

• Task 5.2 concerns unbound granular Task 5.2 concerns unbound granular materialsmaterials

• Task 5.3 concerns bituminous materialsTask 5.3 concerns bituminous materials


Achievements so far in the Achievements so far in the projectproject

• Two reports (Deliverable D10 and D11) – for Two reports (Deliverable D10 and D11) – for unbound granular and bituminous materials unbound granular and bituminous materials respectively – describe the assessment / respectively – describe the assessment / development of the possible candidate development of the possible candidate models and associated test methods needed models and associated test methods needed to model permanent deformation of the to model permanent deformation of the material in question.material in question.

• The reports have been through a review The reports have been through a review process and are now approved for publication process and are now approved for publication on the public part of the SAMARIS project on the public part of the SAMARIS project website. website.


Achievements so far in the Achievements so far in the projectproject

• The reports divide the models in two levelsThe reports divide the models in two levels• Routine level modelsRoutine level models which include ”mixed” models which include ”mixed” models

combining empirical and visco-elastic-plastic modelscombining empirical and visco-elastic-plastic models

• Advanced level modelsAdvanced level models have - compared to routine have - compared to routine levels models - increased complexity and have higher levels models - increased complexity and have higher demands on the input parameters (Subsequently these demands on the input parameters (Subsequently these models will be used for larger projects)models will be used for larger projects)

• You could argue that in complexity You could argue that in complexity research level research level modelsmodels were the highest level with stringent were the highest level with stringent requirements for amount and degree of detail in input requirements for amount and degree of detail in input parameters, but this level is considered outside the parameters, but this level is considered outside the scope of SAMARIS. scope of SAMARIS.


Routine level model candidatesRoutine level model candidates

• Unbound granular materialsUnbound granular materials• Empirical relationship for unbound Empirical relationship for unbound

materials (Gidel et al.)materials (Gidel et al.)• Bituminous materialsBituminous materials

• Belgian Road Research Centre method Belgian Road Research Centre method for predicting the permanent for predicting the permanent deformation under simplified stress deformation under simplified stress conditionsconditions

• Rutting prediction by Shell Pavement Rutting prediction by Shell Pavement Design Manual Design Manual

• Permanent deformation response – Permanent deformation response – SHRP level I SHRP level I


Advanced level model Advanced level model candidatescandidates

• Unbound granular materialsUnbound granular materials• Incremental elasto-plastic models Incremental elasto-plastic models

(Chazallon et al.) (Chazallon et al.)

• Bituminous materialsBituminous materials• Permanent deformation response – Permanent deformation response –

SHRP level IISHRP level II• The DBN model (Di Benedetto – Neifar)The DBN model (Di Benedetto – Neifar)• The Asphalt Concrete Response (ACRe) The Asphalt Concrete Response (ACRe)

model (S. Erkens) model (S. Erkens)


Data for the modelsData for the models

• A database report (Deliverable D6) describes the A database report (Deliverable D6) describes the strategy for search for well-documented RLT/ALTs strategy for search for well-documented RLT/ALTs that can facilitate the next step in the work which that can facilitate the next step in the work which is calibration and validation of selected models is calibration and validation of selected models from the initial work (Deliverables D10/D11).from the initial work (Deliverables D10/D11).

• The report tries to explain how some of the The report tries to explain how some of the constraints or requirements from the models to the constraints or requirements from the models to the input data have influenced the selection of input data have influenced the selection of RLT/ALTs.RLT/ALTs.

• This report has been through a review process and This report has been through a review process and is approved for publication on the public part of the is approved for publication on the public part of the SAMARIS project website.SAMARIS project website.


Origin of selected dataOrigin of selected data


Extra laboratory worksExtra laboratory works

• Both for unbound granular and Both for unbound granular and bituminous materials extra information bituminous materials extra information or more detailed input is neededor more detailed input is needed

• Laboratory works are in progress in Laboratory works are in progress in order to provide this additional order to provide this additional informationinformation


Extra laboratory worksExtra laboratory works(unbound granular materials)(unbound granular materials)

• LCPC and IST have planned a test programme LCPC and IST have planned a test programme which includeswhich includes

• common part for both laboratoriescommon part for both laboratories loading for resilient behaviourloading for resilient behaviour loading for multi-stages permanent deformation testsloading for multi-stages permanent deformation tests loading for single-stage permanent deformation testsloading for single-stage permanent deformation tests

• complimentary test programme for ISTcomplimentary test programme for IST 1 loading for resilient behaviour1 loading for resilient behaviour 2 loading for multi-stages permanent deformation 2 loading for multi-stages permanent deformation

teststests 1 loading for single-stage permanent deformation 1 loading for single-stage permanent deformation

testtest

• complimentary test programme for LCPCcomplimentary test programme for LCPC 4 monotonic triaxial shear test and 4 monotonic triaxial shear test and then at two different water contentthen at two different water content

– 1 loading for resilient behaviour1 loading for resilient behaviour– 3 loading for multi-stages permanent deformation tests3 loading for multi-stages permanent deformation tests


Extra laboratory worksExtra laboratory works(bituminous materials)(bituminous materials)

• Laboratory Laboratory plan for plan for material material samples samples for LAVOCfor LAVOC


Extra laboratory worksExtra laboratory works(bituminous materials)(bituminous materials)

• Large scale Wheel Tracking with Danish Asphalt Rut Large scale Wheel Tracking with Danish Asphalt Rut Tester Tester

When all the ALT testing for other projects are finished at When all the ALT testing for other projects are finished at LAVOC a detailed assessment can be made for sampling LAVOC a detailed assessment can be made for sampling large pavement slabs for Danish Asphalt Rut Tester (will it large pavement slabs for Danish Asphalt Rut Tester (will it be possible to cut representative, ”virgin” samples for the be possible to cut representative, ”virgin” samples for the pavement at LAVOC ? )pavement at LAVOC ? )

Planning of bituminous test pavement with ”alternative” Planning of bituminous test pavement with ”alternative” materials (incorporated in both surface layer and binder materials (incorporated in both surface layer and binder course) has started and a potential site has been chosen. course) has started and a potential site has been chosen. Length of pavement and number of samples for Danish Length of pavement and number of samples for Danish Asphalt Rut Tester will depend on the outcome from Asphalt Rut Tester will depend on the outcome from LAVOC.LAVOC.

Production of test pavement is expected in last part of Production of test pavement is expected in last part of August 2004 and apart from samples for Danish Asphalt August 2004 and apart from samples for Danish Asphalt Rut Tester additional tests will be planned (e.g. Rut Tester additional tests will be planned (e.g. comparison between some of the different equipments for comparison between some of the different equipments for wheel tracking test in accordance with EN 12697-22).wheel tracking test in accordance with EN 12697-22).


Extra laboratory worksExtra laboratory works• Unbound granular materialsUnbound granular materials

LCPC and IST have estimated that approx. LCPC and IST have estimated that approx. 25 % of their laboratory activity on the 25 % of their laboratory activity on the unbound materials.unbound materials.

• Bituminous materialsBituminous materials Samples for ”small size tests” will be cut Samples for ”small size tests” will be cut

and distributed from ISTU this month for and distributed from ISTU this month for laboratories at SHELL and TRL.laboratories at SHELL and TRL.

• The majority of laboratory work is The majority of laboratory work is expected to be finished before the end of expected to be finished before the end of this year.this year.


Calibration and validationCalibration and validation

• The second part of the SAMARIS project The second part of the SAMARIS project with respect to Work Package 5 is the with respect to Work Package 5 is the

calibration and calibration and validation of selected modelsvalidation of selected models

• When the models are verified, WP 5 will When the models are verified, WP 5 will be able to give recommendations for a be able to give recommendations for a new set of performance-based new set of performance-based specification.specification.


Work Package 5 : Gantt chartWork Package 5 : Gantt chart

performance-based specifications work package 5

Documents

predictive models

mixed models

models independent

levelsroutine level

models of predictive

possible candidate models

leader of task

highest level