“PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CITY BUS

SERVICES FOR TIER-II CITIES”

‘A case study for Tumkur city’

5th Urban Mobility India Conference-2012

Manekshaw Centre, Near Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi

• The nation's growth and its need to

meet mobility, demands a

sustainable public transit system.

• Gap between supply and demand of

public transport continues to grow,

both in large and medium size

cities.

The best public system in the world

embody the 3 E’s….

Need:

The performance of any system depends on a set of factors, thus it

becomes necessary to study all the parameters in detail and arrive

to a set of indicators that are of prime importance.

AIM:

The aim was to arrive at a performance benchmarks that can be

commonly understood and used by all stakeholders.

The key is to identify a system which can measure the

performance of urban transport activities and also address the

performance monitoring for internal decision making.

Population: 3.05 lakhs.

Vehicular population: 97,751 with

two wheelers 75,744 .

City bus Service started on June

2011.

Inducted 49 buses along 14 routes.

On an average 1200

passengers/day/bus are using the

City bus operation.

Number of passengers

Monthly Revenue

Service Level Benchmarks by MOuD for Public transportation

Public transport facilities

Presence of organized public transport system in urban area (%).

Extent of supply availability of public transport.

Service coverage of public transport in the city.

Level of comfort in public transport.

% of fleet as per urban bus specification.

Average waiting time for public transport users (mins).

Overall LOS obtained: 13

Financial Sustainability of public transport

1. Extent of Non-fare Revenue (%).

2. Staff /bus ratio.

3. Operating Ratio.

Overall LOS obtained: 5

Performance evaluation criteria

Data source

• Primary survey-An opinion survey of bus passengers were collected

using a questionnaire having details like mode of travel, daily trip summary,

travel expenses, travel comfort, reasons for shifting to PT, behavior of bus

crew, Bus arrival & departure time at bus stops, etc.

• Secondary data collection- A detailed secondary data collection of

operational characteristic of city buses from KSRTC divisional office in

Tumkur in a prescribed format prepared.

Tumkur Bus Evaluation

City perspective User perspective Operators perspective

City perspective

The city perspective includes the service coverage of the Public

transport and the percentage of shift to the City bus service.

Travel characteristic of the city: Two wheelers- 60% (Major share).

Public transport- 17% ( KSRTC & Auto Rickshaw).

Before After

(Source:- Household survey in CMP of Tumkur 2012)

User perspective

Data base collected through primary survey conducted on all the local bus stops targeting passengers.

A Passenger Opinion survey format was prepared including the details about trip purpose, earlier mode of travel, travel expenses, average income, vehicle ownership details, trip details in a day, travel information etc.

User perspective

• 50% commute for work and business, 27%

for education, 2% for shopping and 18%

for other purposes.

• 40% of people in Tumkur use city bus

service every day, 47% use only on

weekdays and 13% use occasionally.

• 31% of people in Tumkur prefer city bus

for comfort, 20% for safety, 21% for cost

saving, 20% for time saving and 15% for

directness of the service.

• 5% of people in Tumkur need to travel for

15-30 min, 8% need to travel for 10-15

min, 56% need to travel for 5-10 min and

31% people need to travel for less than 5

min to reach home from bus-stop.

Level of service- Selection of indicators

User perspective

Walking

time

Waiting

time

Infrastructur

al facilities

Passenger

density

Travel cost ratio

(Bus to Shared auto)

1 Sl. No

1 < 5 2.0

2 5 - 10 1.0

3 10-15 0.5

4 >15 0.25

2

1 <5 2.0

2 5-15 1.0

3 15-20 0.5

4 >20 0.25

3

1 0-20 2.00

2 20-40 1.5

3 40-60 1.0

4 60-80 0.5

5 80-100 0.25

4

1 > 0.2 2.0

2 0.2-0.4 1.5

3 0.4-0.6 1.0

4 0.6-0.8 0.5

5 >1 0.25

5

1 Bus shelters, seating facility YES 0.5

NO 0

2 Lighting YES 0.5

NO 0

3 Footpath connectivity to the bus stop YES 0.5

NO 0

4 Route information (Bus timings, numbers) YES 0.5

NO 0

Infrastructural facilities

Travel Cost ratio (Bus to Shared Auto)

2.8TOTAL SCORE

LOS E

Load factor or Passenger density (%)

Average Waiting time (Min)

Commuter Perspective (LOS)

SL.NO DATA INPUT SCORE CHART

Walking time to Transit stop (Min)

C

CC

C

C

CC

CC

C

CC

CCC

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

CC

CCCCC

C

CCCC

C

C

C

C

CC

C

CC

C

C

CCCC

LOS A B C D E F

SCORE >9<=10 >8<=9 >6<=8 >4<=6 >2<=4 <=2

Colour

Range of Scores for User Perspective

Rating Excellent Above

AverageAverage

Below

AveragePoor Very Poor

Operators perspective

• A detailed secondary data

collection of operational

characteristics of city bus was

obtained in a prescribed format

from KSRTC as data base.

• The major aspects involved in are

physical requirement, daily bus

utilization, staff position of the

operator, fuel performance,

accidents and financial revenue

returns.

Level of service- Selection of Indicators

Operator's perspective

Cost/Km

Vehicle

Utilisation

Load factor Operational

efficiency

Earning/ Km

LOS A B C D E F

SCORE >9<=10 >8<=9 >6<=8 >4<=6 >2<=4 <=2

Colour

Range of Scores for Operators Perspective

Rating Excellent Above

AverageAverage

Below

AveragePoor Very Poor