performance evaluation of path cost improvement in inter-layer 3 networking with id/locator...
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Performance Evaluation of Path Cost Improvement in Inter-Layer 3
Networking with ID/Locator Separation Architecture
Graduate School of Engineering,Kansai University, JAPAN
Hiroyuki URABAYASHI Miki YAMAMOTO
System Platforms Research Labs NEC Corporation Tomohiko YAGYU
Conventional Internet
Introduction
Host mobility and multi-homing is not suitably
※D. Farinacci, V. Fuller, D. Meyer, D. Lewis, “Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP),"draft-farinacci-lisp-12.txt, Mar 2009.
Causes severe increase of routing table entries in Default Free Zone
ID/Locator separation architecture※ resolves these technical problems
※R. Moskowitz and P. Nikander,“Host Identity Protocol Architecture,"Internet Draft draft-ietf-hip-arch-03, Aug, 2005.
※A. Jonsson, M. Folke, B. Ahlgren,“The split naming/forwarding network architecture,” in Proc. Swedish National Computer Networking Workshop (SNCNW), Sep, 2003.
※J. Abley, M. Bagnulo,“Applicability Statement for the Level 3 Multihoming Shim Protocol (Shim6)," draft-ietf-shim6-applicability-03, Jul, 2007.
ID/Locator Separation Architecture
Split IP address to host ID and Location ID Unique ID(host ID) which is independent of location Mapping system(MS) conversion these addresses
ID/Locator separation architecture
・・・・
Core NW
Local NW
ID Routing
Locator Routing
ID Routing
End host End hostLocal NW
Another benefit of this architecture
Each hosts have unique ID which is independent of NW
Shared node enables
inter-layer 3 networkingNW3
NW2
NW1
Host :A
Host :BDA:B
Shared node
Vertical Link
※B. Ahlgren, J. Arkko et. al. , “A Node Identity Inter-Networking Arcitecture,"IEEE 9th Global Internet Workshop, Apr. 2006.
Hosts operating different layer 3 protocol can communicate
each other (inter-layer 3 networking※)
transfer to a different
network operating
another layer 3 protocol
※S. Schmid, L. Eggert, M. Brunner and J. Quittek,“Towards Autonomous Network Domains," in Proc. 8th IEEE Global Internet Symposium, Mar, 2005.
※J. Crowcroft, S. Hand, R. Mortier, T. Roscoe, A. Warfield,“Plutarch: An Argument for Network Pluralism," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Future Directions in Network Architecture (FDNA), Aug, 2003, pp. 258-266.
※B. Ahlgren, J. Arkko, L. Eggert and J. Rajahalme,“A Node Identity Internetworking Architecture," in Proc. 9th IEEE Global Internet Symposium, Apr, 2006.
Advantages of inter-networking routing
Communications between different
Improvement of robustness Improvement of shortest path
Improve Robustness
Advantages of inter-networking routing
network protocol planes
Efficient shortest path
Aim of the paper
研究目的
Evaluating cost improvement of inter-layer 3 networking
Performance with increase of shared nodes in 3 networks
Strategic assignment of shared node
Aim of the paper
Evaluating method
brought by ID/Locator separation architecture
Incremental deployment scenario of shared nodes
Simulation parameter
NW3
NW2
NW1 ・・
・・
・host
P•Network planes : 3
:•Host 100
Topology
•Shared node 5:
BA(Barabashi-Alber) model
Order of node selection is the same in all 3 networksHeterogeneousNode is randomly and independently selected in all 3 networks
•Multi-homing rate 0.5:
Random(Waxman) model
Homogeneous・・・
・・・
Change of minimum cost with increasing VLs
0 1 2 3 4 54.4
4.8
5.2
5.6
Number of VL
Pat
h C
ost(
hop)
averageoptimal
0 1 2 3 4 53.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
Number of VL
Pat
h C
ost(
hop)
averageoptimal
0 1 2 3 4 5
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
Number of VL
Pat
h C
ost(
hop)
averageoptimal
( a ) Random (b)Homogeneous BA (C)Heterogeneous BA
Optimal cost decreased significantly with small number of VL
Strategic VL assignment is very important
Strategic assignment of shared node
Strategic VL assignmentGood performance with small number of VLs
Addition of strategic VL is important
Select outdegree and betweenness of shared nodes as indicators
Betweenness
iP Number of get through nodei
N
::node number
321 dddd
: outdegree of nodeiid
Outdegree
)1)(2(
NN
PBetweennes i
i
1 2 3 4 50
2
4
6
8
Order of added VL
Out
degr
ee
1 2 3 4 50
15
30
45
Order of added VL
Out
degr
ee
1 2 3 4 50
8
16
24
Order of added VLO
utde
gree
1 2 3 4 50
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Order of added VL
Bet
wee
nnes
s
1 2 3 4 50
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Order of added VL
Bet
wee
nnes
s
1 2 3 4 50
0.1
0.2
Order of added VL
Bet
wee
nnes
s
( a ) Random(b)Homogeneous BA(C)Heterogeneous BA
Outdegree
Betweenness
Outdgree and Betweennes in optical increment
Earlier added VL has higher betweeness and outdegree
Two indexes can be used for strategic assignment
Change of minimum cost with increasing VLs
( a ) Random (b)Homogeneous BA (C)Heterogeneous BA
0 1 2 3 4 54.4
4.8
5.2
5.6
Number of VL
Pat
h C
ost(
hop) average
optimal
outdegree
betweenness
averageoptimaloutdegreebetweenness
0 1 2 3 4 53.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
Number of VL
Pat
h C
ost(
hop)
average
optimal
averageoptimaloutdegreebetweenness
0 1 2 3 4 5
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
4.2
Number of VL
Pat
h C
ost(
hop)
average
optimal
averageoptimaloutdegreebetweenness
Betweenness and outdegree increment obtains good
Betweenness and outdegree is a good index for
improvement with small number of VL
strategic assignment of shared node
Conclusion
Inter-layer 3 networking enhances routing path
Evaluate improvement of path cost brought by inter-layer 3 networking
Small number of vertical links bring significant performance improvement
Also evaluate strategic assignment of vertical links OutdegreeBetweenness