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International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering& Management (IJAIEM)Web Site: www.ijaiem.org Email: [email protected]

Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2015 ISSN 2319 - 4847

Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2015 83

ABSTRACT

VoIP application of Worldwide Interoperatability microwave access (WiMAX) is a broadly deployed technology and has a great

impact in field of 4 th generation networks. Main advantage of this technology is utilization of existing infrastructure in the

form of internet connection. There are several QoS classes for VoIP application in IEEE 802.16 systems, such as unsolicited

poll grant, rtPS, nrtPS, Ertps and BE. The major issue in VoIP is quality of service. In order to send better quality in voice data

s5ome factors like delay, jitter, throughput, packet delivery ratio and mean opinion score (MOS) need to be improved so as to

maintain the performance of this application in WiMAX.The proposed idea required no modification of the framework of IEEE

802.16 system and we have analyzed and discussed the performance of the quality of service classes recommended in the IEEE

802.16 system and compared it with proposed approach.The approach proposed in the thesis considers the parameters of Peak

Sustained Traffic Rate and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) frame duration to improve the quality of

service for VoIP. The simulation of VoIP has been done with Peak Sustained Traffic Rate OFDM frame duration with these

parameters values the performance metrics delay, network load and jitter have been improved which in turn has enhanced the

performance of existing Extended Real Time Polling Service.

Keywords:-VoIP, MOS, rtPS, nrtPS, Ertps, QoS, OFDM

1.INTRODUCTION

The increasing demand for large capacity and higher transmission speeds to accommodate for data intensive

multimedia in conjunction with real time applications, the wireless network have experienced an explosive growth in

last few years [1-2]. WiMAX stands for Worldwide Inter- Portability for Microwave Access can be a communication

technologyfor easily delivering high speed data rates to large geographical area using orthogonal frequency division

multiplexing(OFDM) from Base Station(BS) to Subscriber Station(SS) which mitigates noise, multipath and

interference effects[3-4]. The WiMAX network is a combination of BS and SS. Here the packets are transferred from

source node to destination node after following various scheduling, modulation technique and routing technique. In

compliance with IEEE 802.16 the maximum range of WiMAX network is 50 km from the BS, where the responsibility

of the base station of providing the air interface to the master stationwith supplementary functions that may be part of

the BS are micro mobility management functions, traffic classification, tunnel establishment, QoS policy enforcement,

key management, DHCP proxy, multicast group management and session management. The receiver and antenna could

be a small box or personnel computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) card or a laptop[5-6].

With the introduction of 4G technology in WiMAXoffering a metropolitan area network services that can use one or

more BS and each BS provide the service to the users up to 50 km radius for spreading broadband wireless data over

spacious geographical area. WiMAX offer high speed, flexible, inexpensive and last mile services with performance

similar to those of wire line infrastructure T1, DSL, cable modem based connections, optical fiber orcopperware with a

number of QoS needs. WiMAX provide wide area coverage and QoS capabilities for applications ranging from real –

time delay-sensitive Voice Over Internet Protocol(VoIP) to real time streaming video and non-real time downloads,

ensuring that subscribers obtain the performance they expect for all types of communication with a bandwidth support

of up to 10 MHz[7-8].based on IEEE 802.16 standards, WiMAX provide up to 30 miles broadband access to mobile

users having a telecommunication etiquette offering full access to mobile internet across cities and countries with a

wide range of devices. WiMAX technology is offering very high speed broadband access to mobile internet. Generally

10MHz with the TDD scheme provides 3:1 up and down link ratio. The architecture of WiMAX technology is based on

MAC layer which is a connection oriented layer. Through MAC layer a user can perform a variety of functions such asvarious types of applications including multimedia and voice can be used. it also supports best efforts for data traffic as

bit, real time, traffic flaws etc. the aim of design WiMAX technology is to facilitate large number of user with a variety

of connection per terminal[9-10].

Performance Evaluation of WIMAX Network

with High QOS Services Incorporating

Different Physical & Mac Layer Standards1.Anita Mishra, NehaMarria

2, Harsukhpreet Singh

3

1PIT,PTU,Jalandhar,Punjab,India

2College of Engineering & Management, Assistant Professor, PTU, Kapurthala, Punjab,India

3CTIT, Assistant Professor ,PTUJalandhar,Punjab,India





Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2015 Page 184

This paper is divided into five sections. Some introductory application and characteristics area of WiMAX technology

are presented in Section 1 followed by Section 2 that presents the QoS needs and IEEE 802.16 QoS scheduling schemes

of WiMAX technology, proposed methods and flow chart present in section 3 and in section 4 simulations results are

shown and finally, the conclusion is reported in Section 5.

2.QOS AND IEEE 802.16 QOS SCHEDULING SCHEMEQoS is a spacious and unbound term that refers to the “collective effect of service,” as perceived by the user. QoS more

barely refers to meeting certain necessity typically, packet delivery ratio, throughput, network load, packet error rate,

jitter, and delay associated with a given application. WiMAX networks must support a diversity of applications, such as

video, voice, multimedia and data and each of these has different traffic patterns and QoS necessity [20].The QoS is

granted on the basis of type of application and service under consideration. For example, a user sending an email needs

no real-time data stream like another user having a Voice over IP (VoIP) application. To provide the service parameters

respectively, the traffic management is necessary. There are four main service classes named as UGS, rtPS, nrtPS, BE

but there is a fifth type QoS service class which is added in 802.16e standard, named as: extended real-time Polling

Service (ertPS). These services are prioritized in decreasing order. Within all these classes of services resources are

allocated to manage and satisfy the QoS of higher priority services. In general, IEEE 802.16 has five QoS classes [7].

Table 1 broadly classifies various service classes defined in WiMAX and its applications.

Table I.QoS Classes in WiMAX

UGS:Unsolicited Grant Service is design to support real time service flow which generates the fixed size data packet

periodically. In this algorithms BS assign fixed size grant to the subscriber station. The grants assign are basically oftwo type i.e. grant size and grant period. When voice session is initialized then these values are conciliated. These

grants are sufficient for sending data packets.

Advantages of UGS: this service minimize the MAC overhead and uplink access delay which are caused when SS

make request to the BS for bandwidth request to send the voice data packets.

Disadvantages of UGS:UGS assign fixed size grant for sending voice data packets but voice user do not always have

voice data packet to send because they have period of silence and it cause a waste of uplink resources.

rtPS: Real time polling service are designed to support real time services which generally generates variable size

data packets periodically. BS assign uplink resources to the SS when voice session is initialized then these values are

conciliated.

Advantages: In this algorithm the SS request the BS for bandwidth of suitable size grant so that the rtPS can transport

data more efficiently as compare to UGS algorithms.

Disadvantages: Because the SS always made a request for Bandwidth to the BS which in turn can cause more MAC

overhead and uplink access delay as compare to UGS algorithms.

ertPS: Extended Real Time Polling Services algorithm is proposed in order to remove the shortcomings of both

UGS and rtPS algorithms. The UGS approach allows BS to assign fixed size grants to voice users which leads to

wastage of uplink resources during the silent period when voice users do not have any datato send. Meanwhile rtPS

Service classes Description Application

s

Unsolicited Grant

service(UGS)

For constant Bit rate

and delay dependent

applications

VOIP

Real Time Polling

Service (rtPS)

For variable rate and

delay dependent

applications

Streaming

audio , video

Extended Real time

Service (ertPS)

For variable rate and

delay dependent

applications

VOIP and

Silence

Suppression

Non real time

polling service

(nrtPS)

Variable and non

real time

applications

FTP

Best Effort (BE) Best effort Email , Web

,Traffic






although meant for variable size data packets consumes much of the time in polling process and also account for MAC

overhead.

3.PROPOSED METHODOLOGY






4.SIMULATION SCENARIO AND RESULTS

Using OPNET 14.5 simulator, we have designed and investigated WiMAX scenario with network size of [20*20 km]

with 45 number of fixed nodes. The work is demonstrated using high network traffic load i.e. with VOIP applications

for simulation interval of 5 minutes.

Fig 1: WiMAX Network Scenario

Table II: SIMULATION PARAMETERS for WiMAX

3.1 Performance Results

After a number of simulations, the following results were gathered. Based upon these results, a detailed analysis is

presented. QoS on WiMAX network is analyzed through simulation metrics. The metrics which we taken are below:- Delay: Delay or latency could be defined as the time taken by the packet to reach from source to the destination. The

results are shown graphically as:

BS Transmit Power (W) 0.5

Traffic Load VoIP

No. Of subcarrier stations 45

Base Station MAC

Address

22

SS Station MAC Address Auto Assigned

WiMAX Efficiency Mode Physical Layer Enable

BS, SS Antenna Gain 15, 14 dBi

Channel Bandwidth 20MHz

OFDM Sub-carriers 512

Frame Duration 5 ms






Fig.2 End-to-End Delay Vs Transmission time

Jitter: packet delay variance or jitter could be termed as the variation in delay or packet delay variation. The value of

jitter is calculated from the end to end delay. It is the variation in the time between packets arriving. The results are

shown graphically as:

Fig.3 WiMAX Voice Jitter Vs Transmission Time

Network Load: In a computer network the load is a measure of the amount of computational work that a computer

system performs. The aim of the network load balancing to optimize resources use, maximize throughput, minimize

response time and avoid overload of any one of the resources.The results are shown graphically as:

Fig. 4 Network Load Vs Transmission Time






Table III:Comparison of Proposed Method with the Existing QoS classes

BE ertPS nrtPS rtPS Optimized

ertPS

Delay (msec.)29.8564 28.29403 30.81272 30.95195 9.426373

Network Load(kbps)

1293.727 1320.678 1309.426 1308.483 1157.256

Jitter (msec.)0.112636 0.111381 0.218629 0.150197 0.006079

5.CONCLUSION

Measurement of Quality of Service is critical for any WiMAX network. The WiMAX network must assemble a

number of quality of service parameters including low delay, jitter , network load, high throughput and packet delivery

ratio. Today in broadband wireless access the observation is that as adoption grows, so does the need for guaranteeing a

good QoS. The issues of QoS there have become a critical area of concern for supplier of broadband wireless access

equipment and their customers too. In this paper we have conducted general simulation to estimate the performance ofWiMAX for supporting VoIP traffic we have analyzed several important critical paramerts such as end-to end delivery,

jitter and network load. Simulation results shows that we have obtained low delay, jitter and network load.

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