performing an ergonomics review. why should i perform an ergonomics review? what is the function of...
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Performing An Ergonomics Review
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Why should I perform an ergonomics review?
What is the function of an ergonomics review?
How do I apply the steps involved in an ergonomics review?
Performing an Ergonomics Review
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What and Why
There is obvious risk in this job, but by performing an ergonomics review, you’ll be able to clearly identify all the risks (not just the ones in this picture).
You’ll also be able to give detailed and dimensioned recommendations.
Performing an Ergonomics Review
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What is an Ergonomics Review?
Assessment of job tasks Follows the risk management process
Recognize Evaluate Control
Results in effective and efficient ergonomic improvements
What and Why
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How do I do it?Performing an Ergonomics Review
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How do I do it?
Performing an Ergonomics Review
Medical Data Employee Survey
EASY
BRIEF
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Using Passive Surveillance
Worker Reports/Interviews Review OSHA 300 Injury and Illness Logs Review Workers’ Compensation Claims Plant Medical Records Symptom Surveys
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Using Active Surveillance Observations of workers performing tasks
Still photos/videotaping of work postures, workstation layouts
Workstation measurements
Measuring tool handle sizes, weighing tools and parts, & measuring tool vibration and part dimensions
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Using Active Surveillance
Determining characteristics of work surfaces (i.e., slip resistance, hardness, & surface edges
Performing task analyses (i.e., time study)
Measuring exposures to heat, cold, noise, & WBV
Biomechanical calculations (i.e., muscle force required to accomplish task)
Physiological measures (i.e., heart rate, oxygen consumption)
Questionnaires, subjective ratings of perceived exertion
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Step 1 – Select a job to review Step 2 – Gather data Step 3 – Analyze data Step 4 – Complete the job improvement
process
Steps 1 - 4
Performing an Ergonomics Review
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Step 1 - Select a Job to Review
Examine medical data from the past
Interview operators
Visually assess the jobs in the plant
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Step 2 - Gather Data
Obtain job information
Perform task analysis
Videotape the job
Take still photos
Interview the operator
Gather medical data
Take workplace measurements
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Step 2 - Gather DataGather Job Information
What type of information do you need?
Job name
Department
Shift length
Production standards
Production mix
Rotation schedule
Total exposure time
Task analysis
Gather Job Information
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Step 2 - Gather DataPerform Task Analysis
What is task analysis?
Dividing a job into its main components, for example:
Pull material on table
Cut material with knife
Transfer cut material to molding machine
Activate molding machine
Return to work bench
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Worksite Analysis
Job Hazard Analysis Workers Equipment Materials Task/Processes Environment
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Step 2 - Gather DataVideotape Job
Viewing angle
Front View
Side View
Top View
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Step 2 - Gather Data
Viewing angle
Field of view
Videotape Job
Wide Angle
Close Up
Side View
Top View
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Step 2 - Gather Data
Viewing angle
Field of view
How much footage?
Tape all aspects of the job
Tape different working conditions
3 cycles of the job
Never too much footage
Videotape Job
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Step 2 - Gather Data
What tools will you need?
Video camera
Battery charger
Charged batteries
Blank videotape
Videotape Job
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Step 2 - Gather DataTake Pictures
Lighting, angle, field of view
Photo quality
Number of photos to take
» Two or three shots per angle (minimum)» Take photos of parts, tools, displays, PPE» Take as many photos as you can
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Step 2 - Gather Data
What tools will you need?
» Digital camera (with blank disks or a memory stick)» Battery charger» Charged batteries
Take Pictures
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Step 2 - Gather DataInterview Operator
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Step 2 - Gather DataGather Medical Data
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Step 2 - Gather DataReview OSHA 300 Logs
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Step 2 - Gather DataSymptom Survey
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Step 2 - Gather DataSymptom Survey
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Step 2 - Gather Data
Dimensions
Weights
Forces
Measurements
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Step 2 - Gather Data
Dimensions (side view)
Bench heightControl locationsPart stackingSeat heightProduct dimensions
Measurements
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Step 2 - Gather DataDimensions (Top view)
Reach distancesCarry distancesPart locationsSight distancesLift locations
Measurements
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Step 2 - Gather Data
Weights Part / box weightsTool weights
Measurements
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Step 2 - Gather Data
Grip forcesPush/pull forcesControl forces
Measurements
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Step 2 - Gather DataMeasurements
What tools will you need?
Grip meter
Pinch grip
Push/pull meter
Tape measure
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Step 3 - Analyze the DataBRIEF and EASY
Upper Body Assessment Methods
Strain Index
ACGIH’s Threshold Limit Value (TLV) and Hand Activity Level (HAL)
ACGIH’s Hand/Arm Segmental Vibration Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)
Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA)
Upper Extremity Cumulative Trauma Disorder Risk Factor Identification Checklist
GM-UAW Risk Factor Checklist
Washington State Appendix B
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Step 3 - Analyze the DataBRIEF and EASY
Low Back Assessment Methods
NIOSH Revised Lifting Equation
Liberty Mutual (Snook & Ciriello) Tables for Lift/Lower, Carrying and Push/Pull Tasks
3D Static Strength Prediction Program (3D SSPP)
2D Biomechanical Analysis
ACGIH’s Lifting Threshold Lifting Values (TLVs)
Energy Expenditure Models
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Step 3 - Analyze the DataBRIEF and EASY
Whole Body Assessment Methods
Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS)
Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA)
ACGIH’s Whole Body Vibration Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)
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Step 3 - Analyze the DataBRIEF and EASY
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Step 4 - Brainstorm Controls• Generate as many ideas as possible
• There are no bad ideas
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Priority MatrixStep 5 - Prioritize Controls
Low costHigh cost
High impact
Low impact
Low Cost/High
Impact
Low Cost/High
Impact
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Step 6 - Develop Action Plan
ITEMDATE
COMPLETED
WORKSHOP "TO-DO" LIST
15
13
11
10
14
12
9
8
7
6
5
4
EXPECTED RESULTRESPONSIBLE
PERSON
3
2
DESCRIPTION1
TARGET DATE
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Step 7 - Document Success
PLANT LOCATIONDEPARTMENTCONTACTDATE
AFTERBEFORE
SOLUTIONS IMPLEMENTED
PROBLEM COUNTERMEASURE RESULTS
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QUESTIONS??