periodic table and stability in bonding pages 554 - 562

31
Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Upload: melvin-price

Post on 26-Dec-2015

216 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Periodic Tableand Stability in Bonding

Pages 554 - 562

Page 2: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Mendeleev came up with the first periodic table. It was based on the atomic masses, instead of atomic numbers.

Page 3: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562
Page 4: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Hydrogen, upper left on the periodic table. Not happy, for it has but a single electron in its outer shell.

Page 5: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Helium. It is upper right on the periodic table. It is very happy (feeling Noble), for its outer shell is full. It will allow no more electrons in, nor will it allow any electrons to leave, without paying a great price. It is stable.

Page 6: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Lithium. It wants to join the party, but it cannot, for it needs a full outer shell, and except for Helium, all outer shells need eight electrons. This makes Lithium “unstable”.

Page 7: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Beryllium. It is also “unstable”.

Page 8: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Boron. It is also “unstable”.

Page 9: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Carbon. It is also “unstable”.

Page 10: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Nitrogen. It is also “unstable”.

Page 11: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Oxygen. It is also “unstable”.

Page 12: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Fluorine. It is also “unstable”.

Page 13: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Neon. It is “stable”, because it has an filled outer shell.

Page 14: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

This is Neon. It is “stable”, because it has an filled outer shell.

This is hard to draw, however, so we just draw

Page 15: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

NeThis will indicate a Neon atom, with a filled outer shell. We only draw the outer shells.

Page 16: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

NeThis will indicate a Neon atom, with a filled outer shell. We only draw the outer shells.

Cl This will indicate a Chlorine atom, with seven electrons in its outer shell. We only draw the outer shells.

Page 17: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

NeThis will indicate a Neon atom, with a filled outer shell. We only draw the outer shells.

Cl This will indicate a Chlorine atom, with seven electrons in its outer shell. We only draw the outer shells.

Cl This will indicate a Chlorine atom, with its normal outer shell filled. We only draw the outer shells. But now we have to show that it has too many electrons.

-1

Page 18: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

NeThis will indicate a Neon atom, with a filled outer shell. We only draw the outer shells.

Cl This will indicate a Chlorine atom, with seven electrons in its outer shell. We only draw the outer shells.

Cl This will indicate a Chlorine atom, with its normal outer shell filled. We only draw the outer shells. But now we have to show that it has too many electrons.

-1

Na This will indicate a Sodium atom, with its normal outer shell having no electrons. We only draw the outer shells. But now we have to show that it has too few electrons.

+1

Page 19: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Nobel Gases Will Always Have Full Outer Shells

Page 20: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

GROUPS ALWAYS GO UP AND DOWN

PERIODS GO LEFT AND RIGHT

Page 21: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

AS YOU GO ACCOSS GROUPS, YOU ADD ELECTRONS IN THE SAME ELECTRON SHELL.

Page 22: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

AS YOU GO DOWN THE PERIODS, YOU ADD SHELLS OF ELECTRONS TO THE ATOM.

Page 23: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562
Page 24: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Metals are on the left and bottom of the chart.

Page 25: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Nonmetals are on the right of the chart.

Page 26: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Metalloids are where the two meet.

Page 27: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

Nobel Gases are on the end, with filled shells.

Page 28: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562

The only reason these are down here, is so the table does not get too long to fit in a book, or on a wall.

Page 29: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562
Page 30: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562
Page 31: Periodic Table and Stability in Bonding Pages 554 - 562