Periodic Periodic TableTable

of Elementsof Elements

ElementElement

An element is a An element is a substance that is substance that is made up of made up of ONE kind ONE kind of atom onlyof atom only..

e.g. Carbon

An atom is made up of An atom is made up of ::

•___________________

•___________________

•________________

ProtonsProtons

Are small Are small __________ __________ charged particlescharged particles found in the _______ found in the _______ of an atom.of an atom.

+ ve

NeutronNeutronss

Are small Are small particlesparticles with _________ with _________ found found in the _______ of an in the _______ of an atom.atom.

ElectronElectronss

Are very tiny Are very tiny ___________charged___________charged particlesparticles that move that move ___________________ of ___________________ of an atom.an atom.

- ve

electron

neutron

proton

ElementElement

Each element has its Each element has its own symbol made up own symbol made up of one or two letters. of one or two letters.

There are There are approximately 110 approximately 110 different known different known elements.elements.

ElementElement

The first letter is The first letter is always a CAPITAL always a CAPITAL letter.letter.If there is a second If there is a second letter it is always a letter it is always a SMALL letter.SMALL letter.

The Periodic Table The Periodic Table of Elementsof Elements

All 110 elements can be arranged in a table that shows the relationships between the different elements.

The Periodic Table The Periodic Table of Elementsof Elements

Each element is arranged according to its ______ ________.

Atomic NumberAtomic Number

Each element of the periodic table has its own atomic number.

The atomic number is equal to the _________________ in the nucleus of the atom.

H 1Hydrogen

1

He 2

Helium

2

Li 3

Lithium

2. 1

Be 4

Beryllium

2. 2

B 5

Boron

2.3

C 6

Carbon

2.4

N 7

Nitrogen

2.5

O 8

Oxygen

2 6

F 9

Fluorine

2.7

Ne 10

Neon

2.8

Na 11

Sodium

2. 8. 1

Mg 12

Magnesium

2. 8. 2

Al 13

Aluminium

2. 8. 3

Si 14

Silicon

2. 8. 4

P 15

Phosphorus

2.8. 5

S 16

Sulfur

2. 8. 6

Cl 17

Chlorine

2. 8. 7

Ar 18

Argon

2.8. 8

K 19

Potassium

2.8.8.1

Ca 20

Calcium

2.8.8.2

Periodic Periodic TableTable

S 16

Sulfur

2. 8. 6

Atomic number

nameelectron arrangement

symbol

KEY

Look at the next picture of the periodic table.

Where are the metals found?

Where are the non-metals found?

H 1

Hydrogen

1

He 2

Helium

2

Li 3

Lithium

2. 1

Be 4

Beryllium

2. 2

B 5

Boron

2.3

C 6

Carbon

2.4

N 7

Nitrogen

2.5

O 8

Oxygen

2 6

F 9

Fluorine

2.7

Ne 10

Neon

2.8

Na 11

Sodium

2. 8. 1

Mg 12

Magnesium

2. 8. 2

Al 13

Aluminium

2. 8. 3

Si 14

Silicon

2. 8. 4

P 15

Phosphorus

2.8. 5

S 16

Sulfur

2. 8. 6

Cl 17

Chlorine

2. 8. 7

Ar 18

Argon

2.8. 8

K 19

Potassium

2.8.8.1

Ca 20

Calcium

2.8.8.2

Periodic Periodic TableTable

Metals

Non-

metals

Special

Electron ArrangementElectron ArrangementThe electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom in ______________.

The 1st energy levels holds a maximum of :

The 2nd energy levels holds a maximum of :

The 3rd energy levels acts as if it is full when it has :

electronelectronss

i.e. Magnesium 2. 8. i.e. Magnesium 2. 8. 22

Mg

1st energy level2nd energy level3rd energy level

Magnesium atomic no. 12Magnesium atomic no. 12It has 12 protons & It has 12 protons & ______________________..

Mass NumberMass Number

Each element has a different mass.

Both protons and neutrons are given a mass of 1.

Because electrons are so small we ignore their mass.

Mass NumberMass Number

The mass number of an atom

= the ___ of the ________and the ________in the nucleus

of an atom

Mass NumberMass Number

Mass Number = 11 + 12

•11 protons

•12 neutrons

e.g. Sodium has

= 23

Cl35

17

The larger number is the MASS NumberThe smaller number is the ATOMIC Number

Write down all the information that the box provides.

Cl35

17

•The element is _________.

•It has the symbol ___.

•It has an atomic no. of ___.

•It has ___ protons in its nucleus.

It tells us :It tells us :

Cl35

17•It has __ electrons

going around the nucleus.

•It has a mass number of ___.

•It has __ neutrons in its nucleus.

•The electron arrangement is __-__-__.

It tells us :It tells us :