PERSEPOLIS

The Shah of Iran

Satrapi, M. (2003). Persepolis. New York: Pantheon Books

THE SHAH OF IRAN

Mohammad Rezā Shāh Pahlavī was the last Shah of Iran. He

ruled Iran from September 16, 1941 until his overthrow by the Iranian Revolution on

February 11, 1979. He was the second and last monarch of the House of Pahlavi of the

Iranian monarchy.

  Role : Reza Shah's regime financed its development programs through modest oil royalties, customs revenues, personal income taxes, and state monopolies.

THE OVERTHROW In August 1953 a coup overthrew Iran's nationalist government of Mohammed Musaddiq and

installed the Shah in power. The opposition was lead by Ayatollah Khomeini, On January 16 1979, the Shah left Iran.

Ayatollah Khomeini returned to Iran on February 1. Ten days later Bakhtiar went into hiding, eventually to find exile in Paris.

Processes against the supporters of the Shah started, and hundreds were executed.

THE OVERTHROW, CONT’D

On April 1, after a landslide victory in a national referendum in which only one choice was offered (Islamic Republic: Yes or No), Ayatollah Khomeini declared an Islamic republic with a new Constitution reflecting his ideals of Islamic government.

"Islamic Revolution of 1979." Iran Chamber Society. N.p., 22 2012. Web. 22 Oct 2012.

<http://www.iranchamber.com/history/islamic_revolution/I slamic_revolution.php>.

ISLAM

MAJOR BELIEFS

1.Belief in God

2.Belief in Angels

3.Belief in God’s revealed books

4.Belief in Prophets and Messengers of God

5.Belief in Day of Judgment

6.Belief in Al-Qadar

ROLES IN REVOLUTION

Mubarak’s 30-year old regime to try using Islam as an effective means to control citizens, appealing to a common currency that few would muster enough sacrilege to object to (with Azhar-sanctioned legitimacy, the regime has God on its side after all).

SOCIETY IN IRAN

SCHOOLS IN IRAN

PRE-ISLAMIC

Prior to the mid-nineteenth century, it was traditional in Iran for education to be associated with religious institutions.

Knowledge of reading and writing was not considered necessary for all the population, and thus education generally was restricted to the sons of the economic and political elite.

POST-ISLAMIC

Since the victory of the Islamic Revolution, new universities and colleges have been established, offering wide range of specializations

Schools and universities were viewed as particularly crucial for re-educating the masses and disseminating the ideals of the revolution.

RELIGION IN IRAN

PR E - ISL AM IC

Pre- Islamic Revolution- Families woman: The ironies woman, seem to be forced to use a black veil, in her heads. They also cover their bodies, in such way to preserve it of the looks of men.

POST-ISLMAIC

the social, economic, and political dynamics of 1970s Iran that led the Iranian people to accept, and then maintain, religion as the basis of a new political system after deposing Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi in 1979.

The post-revolution government in Iran restricted freedom of religion.

FAMILY

PRE ISLMAIC

there was family planning but "people did not accept it.“

The family protection laws of 1967 and 1975 increased the minimum age of marriage to 18 for women and to 20 for men

POST-ISLAMIC

The Family Protection Act was acted right after the 1979 revolution. It reinstated the primacy of men within the institution of the family, reinforcing patriarchal norms and notions such as, “man is the head of the family”, “woman is the second sex”, and “women and children are the property of the men in the family.

GOVERNMENT

PRE-ISLAMIC

The Shah's regime was seen as oppressive, brutal, corrupt, and extravagant ; it also suffered from basic functional failures. Suppresses the political parties, feminine suffrage. The shah was support by a security group known as “savak” , that forces people, so that they cooperate with the shah, they were unable to protest and to do demonstrations

POST-ISLMAIC

Mehdi Bazargan became the first prime minister of the revolutionary regime in February 1979. Bazargan, however, headed a government that controlled neither the country nor even its own bureaucratic apparatus.