Personal SamplersPersonal Samplers

Instructional Goal The participants will see the various methods used to collect personal samples and how that may impact them on the job.

Personal Sampling SystemsPersonal Sampling Systems

Active samplers

Passive samplers

Sampling TechniquesSampling Techniques

integrated samples are collected when the sensitivity of an analytical

method requires minimum sample periods or volumes,

when comparison must be made to an 8-hour, time-weighted average

threshold limit value (TLV) an OSHA permissible exposure limit

(PEL).

Active SamplersActive Samplers

Samplers mechanically collect samples on or into a selected medium. The medium is then analyzed in the laboratory to identify and quantify the contaminant(s) collected.

Active sampler systemActive sampler system Consists of the Following Components:

An electrically powered pump to move the contaminated air.

A sampler consisting of an appropriate sampling medium and a container designed for that medium.

Flexible, nonporous, inert tubing to link the sampler to the pump.

Passive SamplersPassive Samplers

Advantages of passive samplers is their simplicity calibration and maintenance are

reduced or eliminated Disadvantage

If direct read, errors may occur in observer interpretations.

Diffusion SamplersDiffusion Samplers

some can be read directly

example, colorimetric length-of-stain tubes

Others require laboratory analysis

Permeation SamplersPermeation Samplers can identify a single contaminant

within a mixture of airborne contaminants.

uses selective permeation of chemicals through a membrane

some are the direct reading type others require laboratory analysis.

Personal Sampler Personal Sampler ExamplesExamples

Radiation Dosimeters

Thermoluminescent Thermoluminescent DosimeterDosimeter

The TLD (Thermoluminescent Dosimeter) badges provide a permanent record of an individual's dose equivalent of beta, gamma, and x-ray radiation.

Direct-Reading Direct-Reading DosimetersDosimeters are pencil-type devices

that allow personnel to read and evaluate their exposures between TLD readings.

the Chirpy, which is a device that emits "chirps" based on the strength of the radiation field

The Digital DosimeterThe Digital Dosimeter

a battery-powered direct-reading instrument with a digital read-out in mR

Personal Sampling PlanPersonal Sampling Plan

must decide what to sample workers move around on the

work area workers perform a variety of

tasks must design efficient data

tracking system

DIFFICULTIESDIFFICULTIES

PELs ExceededPELs Exceeded

Sample workers who are known to be in the most highly exposed locations.

If the most hazardous locations have not been determined, sample all workers for a week.

Group workers by exposure levels.

Sample some members of each group every week.

Personal Monitoring is required and the following guidelines may be used.