persuasion persuasive public speaking. persuasive public speaking is oral communication designed to...
TRANSCRIPT
Persuasive Public SpeakingPersuasive Public Speaking
Persuasive Public Speaking is Oral communication designed to influence the attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors of others in a setting where one person talks to many others at a time (Verlinden).
Cicero said: 2,000 years ago, in order to persuade you must educate, the audience, and to keep the audience listening you must entertain them.
Persuasive Public SpeakingPersuasive Public Speaking
Persuasive speaking has a natural connection to critical thinking and argumentation.
A major way to persuade an audience is to make sound, convincing arguments.
A significant part of preparing the speech is to think critically about your subject, the situation and your audience.
Aristotle’s 5 canons of rhetoricAristotle’s 5 canons of rhetoric
The ancient Greeks studied Rhetoric, defined by Aristotle as the available means of persuasion.
They identified five “canons” of rhetoric, or lesser arts that constitute the greater art of rhetoric.
InventionInvention
The first canon is invention, which helps the speaker discover what to say in the speech.
This includes the systematic search for content and the critical thinking to decide what should be included for the audience being addressed.
This is the canon most related to critical thinking.
DispositionDisposition
The second canon is disposition which is the arrangement of ideas.
This is the organization of the speech. Effective arrangement and organization
are essential to the persuasiveness of a speech as well, by the use of building arguments.
Effective disposition also leads to greater speaker credibility
StyleStyle
The third canon of rhetoric is style. This canon refers to the way language is
used to express ideas.Effective use of style can help to make
your ideas and message clear.Language can also hide ideas and trick
people as well, thus it is important to remain ethical in use of language.
MemoryMemory
The fourth canon of rhetoric is memory. This relates to how to remember to say
what it is you are trying to say.It has to do today with your use of notes
or a manuscript for delivery, instead of relying completely on memorization, as they did in the Greek days.
DeliveryDelivery
Delivery is the final canon of rhetoric.It involves the way you vocally and
physically present your speech.Delivery is important because people pay
more attention to ideas presented in interesting and powerful ways.
Delivery can make a mediocre speech good and a good speech poor.
Suggestions for SpeakersSuggestions for Speakers
When you can choose your topic, speak about something worthwhile
Know the subject about which you speakKnow what you want from your audienceMake the best arguments you canAnalyze your audienceTailor the speech to the audienceMake sure the audience knows that the
subject is worthwhile
More suggestions:More suggestions:
Use high quality evidenceCite the sources of your evidence
to increase credibility and trustworthinessBe organizedRespond to potential objectionsBe able to adapt to constraints
Suggestions for the audienceSuggestions for the audience
Consider substance over styleThink critically in the “strong sense”Consider the evidenceConsider the speaker’s credibilityMake an independent judgmentRecognize that there will always be some
uncertainty / don’t expect a persuasive speech to remove all doubt