pests & diseases in australian truffle orchards · 2018-07-16 · pests & diseases in...
TRANSCRIPT
Pests & Diseases in
Australian truffle orchards
Eastern Australia Presentation 2 to 15 July 2018
29 May 2015 – 10 January 2019
Australian truffle orchards
Project Overview
OUTPUTS & OUTCOMES: IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PESTS & DISEASES OF TREES & TRUFFLES
INVESTIGATE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR KEY AGENTS
PRODUCE A MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES MANUAL
MAP AUSTRALIAN TRUFFLE ORCHARDS FOR BIOSECURITY - PHA
METHODS:
SURVEY OF GROWERS
INFORMATION EXCHANGE – GROWERS & THE R&D TEAM; OVERSEAS
FIELD STUDIES & TRIALS
Some Project Outcomes
IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PESTS & DISEASES
BULLETIN OF PESTS AND DISEASES OF TREES & TRUFFLES
TREE PESTS
ESTABLISHMENT PESTS IMPORTANT
MATURE TREE FEEDERS NOT IMPORTANT
TREE DISEASES
IDENTIFIED & STATUS
ONE SURPRISE
TRUFFLE DISEASES
ROTS
range of loss
factors include:
exposure, irrigation, cultivation,
soil type, covering, pests,
remove or incorporate rotting truffles?
Some Project Outcomes
IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PESTS & DISEASES
“MINOR” OTHER PESTS OF TRUFFLES
Slugs and
slaters are
the major
pests
Some Project Outcomes
IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PESTS & DISEASES:
AUSTRALIAN TRUFFLE BEETLE – A SURPRISE MAJOR PEST, BUT …
• Native Australian insect
• Look-a-likes
• Obligate truffle feeder
• One orchard only as a pest
• Beetle trap to control?
Some Project Outcomes
IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PESTS & DISEASES
SLATERS – A SURPRISE MAJOR PEST ACROSS AUSTRALIA
Some Project Outcomes
IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PESTS & DISEASES
SLATERS – video
Some Project Outcomes
IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PESTS & DISEASES
SLUGS – ONE NEW SPECIES IN WA hedgehog slug
MANAGEMENT - KEY PESTS
IDENTIFICATION
KEY PESTS are truffle damaging
Australian truffle beetle
Slaters & slugs
MONITORING
Australian truffle beetle
Flight intercept trap
Pitfall trap + “beetle mix”
0
2
4
6
8
12-Sep-17 26-Sep-17 10-Oct-17 24-Oct-17 07-Nov-17 21-Nov-17 05-Dec-17
Avera
ge n
um
ber
per
trap
Pitfall area 1 Pitfall area 2 Pitfall area 3 Pitfall bush Wet Pitfall FIT
Australian truffle beetle
MONITORING
Australian truffle beetle
MANAGEMENT
Remove all truffles – harvest & beyond
Try mass trapping – “Spanish pipe trap
+ beetle bait”
SLUGS AND SLATERS
MONITORING
Tile + flaky bran
SLUGS AND SLATERS
MONITORING & MANAGEMENT
0
1
2
3
4
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
Average number of slugs under tiles
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
Average number of slaters under tiles
Best time to implement management is after harvest to early December
SLUGS AND SLATERS
MANAGEMENT
HAZLENUT SUCKERS REMOVED
SLUGS AND SLATERS
MANAGEMENT
LEAF LITTER REMOVED
Blowing and raking
‘Vacuuming”
SLUGS AND SLATERS
MANAGEMENT
CULTIVATION – DEEPER TRUFFLES
The blunt
spikes on this
‘Aggravator’
penetrate and
vibrate soil
SLUGS AND SLATERS
MANAGEMENT
COVERING
Need to cover again if truffles keep expanding
SLUGS AND SLATERS
MANAGEMENT
IRRIGATATION -
What is the right
amount required for
truffles and also to not
provide too wet a
habitat for slugs and
slaters?
SLUGS
MANAGEMENT
PREDATION on slugs
Naturally occurring carabid beetles will feed on slugs – part of the management
options if they occur in your orchard.
SLATERS
MANAGEMENT
MASS TRAPPING WITH LIGHTS
QUANTIFYING DAMAGE
INFORMATION EXCHANGE
FIELD STUDIES & TRIALS – in truffle orchards
DPIRD WEB SITE
SPECIFIC TOPICS
Biannual Newsletter
Monitoring guidelines
Assessing cause of truffle damage
P&D Bulletin Truffle P&D Management Guidelines Manual
“MYPESTGUIDE REPORTER/Truffle Survey” APP – PEST & DISEASE ID
CONFERENCES, FIELD DAYS, ROAD SHOWS
MAP AUSTRALIAN TRUFFLE ORCHARDS FOR BIOSECURITY – PHA
FINAL REPORT – 10 JANUARY 2019
Thank you
Visit dpird.wa.gov.au
Important disclaimer
The Chief Executive Officer of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development and the State of Western
Australia accept no liability whatsoever by reason of negligence or otherwise arising from the use or release of this
information or any part of it.
Copyright © Western Australian Agriculture Authority, 2018