C O N N E C T E D URBANDEVELOPMENT

urban design for the ecological age

Integrated urbanism and the transition in the agricultural and industrial age urban centresPeter .R. Head - OBE - FREng - FRSA Director Arup 23rd September 2008 Amsterdam

Can we move towards a sustainable way of living?

What policies and investments are needed in low, middle and high income countries?

What is the role of connected urban development innovations in leading this transition to an Ecological Age?

Our Shrinking Earth

19007.91

19505.15

19872.60

20052.02

20301.69

20501.44

YearHectares of land per capita

Ecological Footprint city comparisons

USA 9 global hectares per person

Western Europe 6 global hectares per person

China 1.6 global hectares per person

-

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

Sant

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Beijin

g

Toky

o

Lond

on

Shan

ghai

Toro

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New

York

Hous

ton

EF (g

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OtherServicesGoodsMobilityHousingFood

Global Earthshare 1.8 global hectares per person

The Mitigation Challenge: Global ‘energy hunger’

Oil Reserves Have PeakedEnergy Watch Group. “Crude Oil: The Supply Outlook”. EWG-Series No3/2007 October 2007.

Urban density-transport energy use

x 4

x 2

newman and kenworthy

1. Use waste as a resource2. Diversify and co-operate3. Gather and use energy efficiently4. Optimise not maximise5. Use materials sparingly6. Clean up, not pollute7. Do not draw down resources8. Remain in balance with the biosphere9. Run on information10. Shop locally Janine Benyus

Biomimicry

Winning Strategies for the ‘ecological age’

‘Smart Responsive Simplicity’

integrated urbanism• Human and Environmental Health• Economic Vitality and Individual Prosperity• Energy• Housing• Nutrition and Urban Rural Linkages • Mobility and Access• Communications• Education and Culture• Governance and Civic Engagement• Water• Materials and Waste• Ecological Footprint

urbanism the sustainable approach

A new methodology for delivering better

performance outcomes in cities:

Virtuous Cycles of Value in the Masterplanning

Source: Duvigneaud, DeSmet 1977

Integrated Resource ManagementMaster Plan

Ener

gy

Tran

spor

t

Food

Pro

duct

ion

Econ

omic

s

Oth

ers

Was

te M

an.

Logi

stic

s

Was

tew

ater

Wat

er s

uppl

yLinking the overarching master-plan to the technical disciplines

Understanding interactions and feedback loops between elements

the system of city/rural life

Human Development Index Increase(CO – 80%)2 +1.44GHA/CapitaEcological Footprint

+=2050 Ecological Age

(CO – 80%)2

1.44GHA/CapitaEcological Footprint

+

Human Development Index Increase

2050 Ecological Age

+

=

Low to middle income countries

Transition from agricultural to ecological age

A new paradigm of urban and rural development with integrated urban-rural resource flows

Models - eco-city plans in China and Curitiba

Middle to high income countries

Transition from industrial to ecological age

City retrofitting and reconnect urban-rural

resource flows

Models -London Climate Change Action Plan and Freiburg

Transport infrastructure for the ecological age

• High speed rail connecting city centres and international airports-replaces regional air travel for distances of 600 to 800km

• Zero emission mass transport in cities

• Consolidation centres for freight delivery using green vehicle fleets

Vancouver Skyrail, CanadaImage by Poyang Hsueh

Press Office City of Munster, Germany

:

Energy infrastructure for the ecological age

• Large scale renewable energy-wind, wave, tidal stream, hydro and concentrated solar in deserts. Hydrogen production as energy storage

• Decentralised renewable energy power, heating and cooling-micro grids

• Carbon sequestration at coal, oil and gas power stations-short carbon cycling

Waste to Energy Plant, Sheffield, UK

Pier

re T

ourig

ny

Rau

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irth

Resource management for the ecological age

• Anaerobic digestion of organic waste to create energy and compost

• Water capture and recycling of waste water

• Nutrient recycling into the food chain

• City food production on rooftops and in buildings

• Mining of materials from existing cities

Kiss + Cathcart Architects

Kiss + Cathcart Architects

New York Sun Works

Integrating all known applicable plant science and classic systems engineering principles ensuring near optimum growing conditions

plant factories

Communication systems

Real time local services

Urban Information Architecture Methodology

UIA VisionAndStrategy

BusinessCase

Solutions & Supply Chain

Operations

FutureProofing

CivilEng.

The entire process is fully aligned with Integrated Urbanism, Masterplanning, The Development Strategy, Design, the Capital

Programme and the Commercial Plan

…Information and Supply of Technology

Who Designs

Who Pays

Who Gains

Who Delivers

Who Operates

Large Cities Climate Leadership GroupClinton Climate Initiative

accelerate carbon emissions reductions and provide direct assistance through buying clubs

London, New York, Stockholm, San Francisco, Toronto, Shanghai, Delhi, Mexico City, Beijing, Berlin, Barcelona, Chicago, Sao Paulo, Rome, Paris, Madrid, Melbourne, Istanbul, Tokyo, Moscow, Warsaw

“

”

• Focus on mitigation

• Delivering CO2 reduction targets focusing on initiatives with highest CO2 impact

• Create a shared climate change agenda – identify actions by individuals, Government, business that enable a city to meet its targets

Climate Change Action Plan -

Objectives

Delivery mechanism for city retrofit• Public private partnerships at a regional scale with

initial pilot project

• Partners would include utilities for energy, water and waste, public and private sector land owners, public transport and logistics companies, major resource suppliers

• Value drivers for public sector would be improved economic, social and environmental performance at a regional scale

• Value drivers for private sector would be faster planning approval, lower investment costs, larger returns on investment, attraction of lower cost investment capital, new climate change legislation

Downing Street Signing.JPGRESEARCH

DEVELOPMENT RESEARCHTRAINING

CHINA

PARTNERSHIPlearning from the east

UK

learning from the west

UK Research Institute for Sustainable Cities

China Research Institute for Sustainable Cites

Which future?