pg (deac) detailed syllabus 2011

Program Educational Objectives (PEO) of M.Tech program in Digital Electronics & Advanced Communication

The Postgraduates of Digital Electronics & Advanced Communication willPEO1: Demonstrate competence in identifying & analysis of problems, design & verification, and application of their knowledge to

meet the expectations of the industry and society.PEO2: Posses technical expertise and soft skills to be successful in professional life such as in industry, academia, research or as

entrepreneur.PEO3: Posses ability to Analyze technical problems with confidence, develop innovative solutions and able to work in multi-

disciplinary and/or multi-cultural environments with ease and comfort. PEO4: Create and share knowledge in fundamental and advanced topics of core and allied areas by engaging in lifelong learning.PEO5: Impart quality education and contribute to society’s technological growth through research and innovative solutions.

Program Outcomes

The Postgraduates of Digital Electronics & Advanced Communication will be able toPO1: apply principles of analog and digital communication to develop efficient communication networks meeting specified design

constraints and customer requirements. PO2: identify, analyze and solve problems related to digital electronics, signal processing, communication and related domains of

engineering.PO3: execute engineering and allied tasks in multidisciplinary environment involving applications of digital electronics, signal

processing and communication engineering.PO4: design and conduct experiments, perform data analysis and interpret the results. PO5: design and develop models using various design automation and simulation tools for building circuits, networks and systems related

to digital electronics and advanced communication engineering.PO6: apply the engineering knowledge for providing convenience and comfort to the society. PO7: exhibit leadership and team player qualities maintaining ethical standards.PO8: involve in research and development and demonstrate attitude for lifelong learning. PO9: communicate effectively in both verbal and written form and demonstrate capabilities for generating and imparting knowledge.PO10: exhibit entrepreneurial skills and self-learning capability.

Scheme of M.Tech. – Digital Electronics & Advanced Communication (DEAC)

(Applicable to the students admitted 2011 onwards)Year Sub.Code First Semester Sub. Code Second Semester

Title Of Subject L T P C Title Of The Subject L T P CI MAT-501 Probability, Random Variables and

Stochastic Processes4 0 0 4 ECE-502 Wireless Communication 3 1 0 4

ECE-501 Advanced Digital Communication 3 1 0 4 ECE-504 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 4 0 0 4ECE-503 Analog & RF VLSI Design 4 0 0 4 ECE *** Program Elective - I 4 0 0 4ECE-505 Processor architecture and applications 4 0 0 4 ECE *** Program Elective – II 4 0 0 4ECE-507 Detection and Estimation theory 3 1 0 4 ECE *** Program Elective – III 4 0 0 4HSS-501 Research Methodology 1 0 3 2 *** *** Open Elective 3 0 0 3ECE-511 DEAC Laboratory – I 0 0 6 2 ECE-512 DEAC Laboratory – II 0 0 6 2

ECE-514 Seminar 0 0 3 1TOTAL 19 2 9 24 TOTAL 22 1 9 26

Year Sub.Code Title Of Subject L T P CII ECE-699 Project Work 0 0 0 25

Program Electives

ECE 540 Optical Fiber CommunicationECE 541 Microwave and Millimetre wave AntennaECE 542 Radar SystemsECE 543 Data CompressionECE 544 CAD Tools for VLSIECE 545 High Speed Digital DesignECE 546 Time-Frequency & Wavelet TransformsECE 547 Semiconductor Device PhysicsECE 548 System on Chip DesignECE 549 Spread Spectrum CommunicationECE 550 Nonlinear Fiber OpticsECE 551 Coding TheoryECE 552 Digital Speech ProcessingECE 553 VLSI Testing & TestabilityECE 554 Embedded System designECE 555 Introduction to MEMS TechnologyECE 556 VLSI Physical Design and Verification ECE 557 Quantum Information ScienceECE 558 Digital Image Processing

ECE 559 Communication Networks and ProtocolsECE 560 Nanophotonics ECE 561 Cryptography & Network SecurityECE 562 Large Area Micro ElectronicsECE 563 RF Microelectronics Chip DesignECE 564 Analog VLSI for Signal Processing

Open Electives

ECE 565 ARM Processor and ApplicationECE 566 NanoelectronicsECE 567 Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic

MAT 501: Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes [4 0 0 4]

Total number of lecture hours – 48

Statistical Inference: Random Sampling, Sampling distributions, Parameter Estimation and Hypothesis Testing, Regression, Correlation and Analysis of Variance - Examples.

Stochastic Processes :Static probabilities: review and prerequisites generating functions, difference equations. Dynamic probability: definition and description with examples. Markov chains, transition probabilities, Chapmen Kolmogrov equations. Classification of states, chains of Markov process. Stability of Markov systems, limiting behaviour, random walk.Poisson Processes : assumptions and derivations, related distributions, birth and death processes. Queuing System, general concepts, Model M/M/1 and M/M/S, steady state behvaour, transient behaviour.

Reference Books:

1. Hogg & Craig (1975), “Introduction to Mathematical Statistics”, 4th Edn., MacMillan, 2. J.Medhi, “Stochastic Processes”.3. A. Papoulis and S.U. Pillai, Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, McGraw

Hill, 2002. 4. P. Z. Peebles Jr., Probability, Random Variables and Random Signal Principles, McGraw Hill

International Edition, 2001, Singapore.

ECE - 501 ADVANCED DIGITAL COMMUNICATION [3-1-0-4]

Total number of lecture hours: 48

Course Objectives:

At the end of this course, student will be able to:

CO1: Represent the time varying signals as constellation in N-dimensional signal space.

CO2: Represent various types of digital modulation schemes using signal space concept.

CO3: Analyze and evaluate the probability of BER for digital modulation schemes.

CO4: Analyze the performance of optimum receivers (coherent and non coherent) with known and

random phase in AWGN channels.

CO5: Evaluate the performance of linear and convolutional encoders and decoders (using hard and soft

decoding algorithms) with respect to coding gain.

CO6: Analyze the effects of fading on the performance of the receivers in wireless channels and compare

them with AWGN channel.

CO7: Apply diversity techniques and other suitable coding techniques such as MIMO to combat fading in

wireless channels.

Course Description:

Signal space representation. Representation of digitally modulated signals, Spectral characteristics of digitally modulated signals.

Performance of optimum receivers, optimum receivers for signals with random phase in AWGN channels, Synchronization issues.

Convolutional codes, Viterbi algorithm, sequential decoding algorithms, performance with soft and hard decoding,TCM and Turbo coding techniques.

Modulation and Diversity reception techniques to counter fading, Introduction to space- time coding techniques.

References

1. Proakis. J. G.&Masoud Salehi, “Digital communications” McGraw Hill publication,20072. Sklar B ,“Digital Communication:Fundamentals & Applications”, Pearson Education,2001.3. Rodger E Zeimer & Wiiliam H Tranter, “Principles of Communication:sytem,modulation,noise”Wiley publication , 20074. Simon Haykin, “ Digital Communications”,Wiley student edition, 2006

ECE – 503 ANALOG & RF VLSI DESIGN [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:

At the end of this course, student should be able to:

CO1: Distinguish between digital and analog design flow

CO2: Draw low-frequency and high-frequency small-signal ac models for MOS circuits

CO3: Explain and apply the second-order effects in small-signal analysis of MOS circuits

CO4: Design analog circuits like current mirrors, voltage references, amplifiers etc.

CO5: Analyze and design of different types of CMOS amplifiers with different active loads

CO6: Analyze and design of differential amplifier circuits

CO7: Analyze and design of CMOS Opamp/OTA circuits

CO8: Describe the principle of operation and applications of PLL

CO9: Draw CMOS layout for given analog circuit using techniques to minimize process errors

CO10: Describe the design issues involved in RF design

Course Description:

Introduction to Analog Design: Design flow, Digital v/s Analog Design, MOS device physics, Long-channel and short-channel devices, Second-order effects-Channel length modulation, Bulk effect, Low-frequency and high-frequency MOS models in saturation, MOS SPICE models, Noise in MOS devices, Design issues, Analog Design Octagon, Analog design applications.

Current sources and sinks: simple and cascode current mirror, Widlar current mirror, Wilson Current mirror, sensitivity analysis, High-performance wide-swing current mirrors.

Active Loads & Voltage & current references.

CMOS Amplifiers: CS, CD, CG with different active loads (diode-connected MOS load, current source/sink load, ideal current load etc) considering second-order effects, voltage gain, input and output impedances, Miller effect, frequency response, noise and distortion analysis, Telescopic and Folded cascode amplifiers, Differential amplifier, Differential and common-mode gain, CMRR, Cascode differential amplifier, Gilbert cell, Current differential amplifiers.

CMOS Operational Amplifier: Basic two-stage CMOS Op-amp design (with and without buffer), frequency response & compensation, Operational Transconductance Amplifiers(OTA) , Wide-swing OTA, Folded-cascode OTA, Fully differential Op-amp/OTA.

Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), Phase Locked Loops (PLL), dynamics and applications.

Analog Layout considerations: Review of CMOS layout and design rules, CMOS process errors due to lateral diffusion, oxide encroachement, over etching etc, antenna effect, Layout for resistor and capacitor, Analog layout techniques like interdigitization ,symmetry, common centroid geometry, dummy strip etc, Layout of analog circuits like current mirror, difference amplifier, cascode amplifier etc

CMOS RF Circuit Design: MOSFET models at RF frequencies, Noise Performance and limitations of devices, Integrated parasitic elements at high frequencies, overview of RF circuit design: Design issues involved, Design of basic blocks in RF systems like Mixers, VCOs, RF synthesizers, frequency dividers, RF power amplifier, RF filters.

References:

1 Behzad Razavi,Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits,Tata McGraw-Hill, 2002.

2 David A.Johns, Ken Martin, Analog Integrated Circuit Design, Johns Wiley & Sons, 2002.3 R.Jacob Baker, Harry W.Li, David E.Boyce, CMOS circuit design, Layout, and Simulation, IEEE Press, PHI Pvt Ltd, 1998.4 Phillip. E. Allen, and Douglas R. Holberg , CMOS Analog Circuit Design ,Second edition, Oxford University Press,2004.5 Thomas H.Lee, "Design of CMOS RF Integrated Circuits" Cambridge University, 2004.

ECE – 505 PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONS [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Describe processor data path and control with simple and multicycle implementation.

CO2: Analyze pipelining in processor architecture and issues related to that.

CO3: Model pipeline using HDL coding.

CO4: Analyze and design memory hierarchy for improved cache performance.

CO5: Illustrate instruction level parallelism with advanced techniques for instruction delivery.

CO6: Apply different protocols for enforcing coherence in multiprocessor parallel architectures.

CO7: Discuss architecture of DSP processors and its features.

CO8: Apply DSP processors for real time problem solving like filtering, speech and image processing etc.

Course Description

Processor Datapath and control: Building a Datapath, A simple implementation scheme, A Multicycle Implementation.

Pipelining: Pipelining Basics, Pipeline Hazards, Pipelined Datapath, Pipelined Control, Data Hazards & Forwarding, Data Hazards & stalls, Branch Hazards, HDL model of a pipeline, Advanced Pipelining, Pentium 4 pipeline.

Memory Hierarchy : Introduction, Basics of Cache,

Measuring & improving Cache Performance, Six Basic cache optimizations, Virtual Memory, Memory Hierarchy Design.

I/O interface: Programmed I/O, Interrupt I/O, DMA

Instruction-Level Parallelism: Concepts & Challenges, Basic Compiler techniques, Branch Prediction, Dynamic Scheduling, Hardware-Based Speculation, Multiple Issue & Static Scheduling, Advanced Techniques for Instruction Delivery & Speculation, Intel Pentium 4, Limitations of ILP.

Multiprocessors :Taxonomy of Parallel Architectures, Symmetric Shared-Memory Architectures, Cache Coherence, Basic Schemes for enforcing Coherence, Snooping Protocols & Directory-Based Coherence, Vector processors.

MSP430 Microcontroller Architecture & Applications.

Architecture of Digital Signal Processors: Need for special DSPs, Special features of Digital Signal Processors, finite word length effects, quantization errors.

Architecture and features of floating point processors (TI 6X, families).

DSP development tools - introduction to ccs studio & Simulink.

Applications using Digital Signal Processors: Digital filtering, Speech and image processing etc.

References :

1. David A.Patterson & John L.Hennessy, ‘Computer Organization and Design-The Hardware/Software Interface’, Third Edition, Elsevier, 2005

2. John L.Hennessy and David A.Patterson, ‘Computer Architecture-A Quantitative Approach’, Fourth Edition, Elsevier,2007

3. Phil Lapsley, ‘DSP Processor Fundamentals’, IEEE Press, 1997 4. Sen M. Kuo, Woon-Seng Gan “Digital Signal Processors”, Pearson, 2005

ECE - 507 DETECTION & ESTIMATION THEORY [3-1-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Identify deterministic and random signals

CO 2: Describe generalized Fourier series

CO3: Develop an orthonornal basis to represent a given deterministic signal

CO4: Use appropriate methods to represent random processes

CO5: Formulate appropriate hypothesis testing methods to optimally detect the occurrence of events in an

environment corrupted by noise.

CO6: Formulate basic as well as moderately advanced parameter estimation methods.

CO7: Illustrate optimum filtering methods for deterministic as well as random signals

CO8: Describe appropriate filtering methods for a given application

Course Description:

Statistical communication theory: Representation of deterministic signals, orthogonal representation of signals. Dimensionality of signal spaces. Construction of orthogonal basis functions. Time-bandwidth relationship: RMS duration and bandwidth, uncertainty relations. Review of random processes: Definition and classification, stochastic integrals, Fourier transforms of random processes, stationary and non-stationary processes, correlation functions. Ergodicity, power spectral density, transformations of random processes by linear systems. Representation of random processes (via sampling, K-L expansion & narrow band representations), special random processes (white Gaussian noise, Wiener-Levy processes, special random processes, shot-noise processes Markov processes). Optimum filtering: Matched filters for deterministic signals in white and coloured Gaussian noise, Wiener filters for random signals in white and coloured Gaussian noise, Discrete and continuous time filters.

Detection and estimation : Hypothesis testing- Bayes, Minimax and Neyman-Pearson criteria, Types of estimates and error bounds, General Gaussian problem, Detection and estimation in coloured noise, Elements sequential and non-parametric detection. Wiener-Hopf and Kalman filtering, applications to communications, radar and sonar systems.

References:

1. Van Trees HL,“Detection Estimation and Modulation Theory”,JohnWiley, New York,2002. 2. Srinath MD,.Rajasekran PK & Viswanathan R, “Introduction to Statistical Signal Processing with Application”, PHI ,1995.3. Hancock and Wintz. “Signal detection theory”,2002.

HSS-501 Research Methodology and Technical Presentation [1 0 3 2]

Course Objectives:


Understand the basic concepts of research design, hypothesis testing, and validation

Understand the intricacies of Thesis writing, Journal and Conference paper writing.

Present technical seminar in a professional manner and understand the dynamics of effective

technical communication.

Course Description

1. Mechanics of Research Methodology

Basic concepts: Types of research, Significance of research, Research framework, Case study method,

Experimental method, Sources of data, Data collection using questionnaire, Interviewing, and

experimentation.

Research formulation: Components, selection and formulation of a research problem, Objectives of

formulation, and Criteria of a good research problem.

Research hypothesis: Criterion for hypothesis construction, Nature of hypothesis, Need for having a

working hypothesis, Characteristics and Types of hypothesis, Procedure for hypothesis testing.

Sampling Methods: Introduction to various sampling methods and their applications.

Data Analysis: Sources of data, Collection of data, Measurement and scaling technique, and Different

techniques of Data analysis.

2. Thesis Writing and Journal Publication

Writing thesis, Writing journal and conference papers, IEEE and Harvard styles of referencing,

Effective Presentation, Copyrights, and avoiding plagiarism.

References

1. Dr Ranjit Kumar, Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners, SAGE, 2005.2. Geoffrey R. Marczyk, David DeMatteo & David Festinger, Essentials of Research Design and

Methodology, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.3. John W. Creswel , Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches,

SAGE, 20044. Suresh C. Sinha and Anil K. Dhiman, Research Methodology (2 Vols-Set), Vedam Books, 2006.5. C. R. Kothari, Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, New Age International Publisher,

2008.6. Donald R Cooper & Pamela S Schindler , Business Research Methods, McGraw Hill International,

2007.7. R. Pannershelvam, Research Methodology, Prentice Hall, India, 20068. Manfred Max Bergman, Mixed Methods Research, SAGE Books, 2006.9. Paul S. Gray, John B. Williamson, David A. Karp, John R. Dalphin, The Research Imagination,

Cambridge University press, 2007.10. Cochrain & Cox, Experimental Designs, II Edn. Wiley Publishers, 2006.

ECE 502 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION [3-1-0-4]

Total number of lecture hours – 48Course Objectives:


CO1: Analyze time varying communication channels

CO2: Discuss different empirical models of wireless communication channels

CO3: Develop an exhaustive model of time varying wireless communication channels

CO4: Evaluate and predict performance of different digital modulation schemes in a wireless

communication scenario.

CO5: Evaluate the information carrying capacity of wireless channels

CO6: Analyze various diversity techniques employed in wireless communications.

CO7: Interpret and use the existing wireless communication standards.

.

Course Description:

Modeling of wireless channels, wireless channel as a random linear time varying system, stochastic characterization of time varying systems. Wireless channel modeling, Wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering assumption; characterizing key parameters of wireless channels, wireless channel discretization and discrete-time representation Noncoherent and coherent reception - error probability for uncoded transmission. Time diversity, interleaving, constellation rotation Frequency diversity, spread spectrum systems for anti jamming and counter multipath fading- CDMA. Rake receiver; code design for wireless channels, product distance design criterion, diversity order estimates on the basis of the scattering function. OFDM, MC-CDMA, SC-FDE, DFT spread OFDM, MIMO systems and space time coding. Capacity of parallel Gaussian channels; capacity of fading channels: ergodic capacity and outage capacity; high versus low SNR regime; waterfilling capacity.

References:

1. D. Tse and P. Vishwanath, “Fundamentals of Wireless Communication”, Cambridge University Press, 2005

2. T. S. Rappaport, “Wireless Communication: Principles and Practice”, Pearson, 20023. J. G. Proakis and M. Salehi, “Digital Communications”, McGraw-Hill, 20084. K. Fazel and S. Kaiser, “Multicarrier and Spread Spectrum Systems”, Wiley, 2003

ECE-504 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Analyze Decimation and Interpolation Operations both in Time and Frequency Domain.

CO2: Discuss the role and Specifications of Decimation and Interpolation Filters.

CO3: Design Interpolated FIR and Polyphase Filters for multi-rate systems.

CO4: Analyze DFT and Quadrature Mirror Filter Banks.

CO5: Develop Least Mean Square and Recursive Least Square Algorithms for Adaptive Tapped Delay

Line and Weiner Filters.

CO6: Describe Important Applications of Adaptive Filtering such as noise canceller, echo canceller, line

enhancer etc.

CO7: Define and Analyze Cepstrum of a signal.

CO8: Describe Homomorphic system for convolution and De-convolution.

CO9: Illustrate Homomorphic Filtering examples in Communication and speech signal Processing.

C10: Discuss and compare different signal modeling and Power spectral estimation methods.

Course Description:

Review of Signals, Fourier representations, DFT & FFT, IIR and FIR filters Multi-rate Systems, Decimation and Interpolation (integer and fractional), Decimation Filters, Interpolation Filters, Interpolated FIR Filters for Decimation and Interpolation Filters, Perfect Reconstruction, Poly Phase Filter Structure, Polyphase Filter Structure for Decimation and Interpolation, Filter Banks, Uniform DFT Filter Bank, Quadrature Mirror Filter Bank (QMF), Half band and multiband filters, PR systems

Principle of Adaptive filters, Tapped Delay Line and Weiner Filters, Steepest Descent Algorithm, Least Mean Square (LMS) Algorithm, Direct Least Square and Recursive Least Square (RLS) Algorithms, Application of Adaptive Filters as Noise Canceller, Echo Canceller, Side lobe Canceller, Adaptive Line Enhancer.

Homomorphic system, Complex Cepstrum, Properties of complex Cepstrum, Complex Cepstrum of exponential signals, Real Cepstrum, Implementation of cepstrum using DFT, Hilbert transform relations in cepstral analysis, Homomorphic systems for convolution and deconvolution, Examples of Homomorphic signal processing; - Communication signal processing and Speech processing.Discrete-time random processes, Signal modeling, Spectrum estimation

References:

1. J. G. Proakis and D.G. Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications”, 4/e, Pearson Education, 2007.

2. P. P Vaidyanathan, ‘Multirate Systems And Filter Banks’, Prentice Hall, India,1993.3. A.V Oppenheim.and R.W. Schafer, ‘Digital Signal Processing’, Prentice Hall, 1992.4. S. J Orfanidis, ‘Optimum Signal Processing’, Mc Graw Hill , NJ ,2007.5. Elliot et al , ’DSP Handbook’6. M H Hayes, ‘Statistical signal processing and modeling’, John Wiley &Sons, Inc, 2002,

ECE - 540 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: analyze the eigenvalue equation for planar symmetric dielectric waveguides and optical fiber

Waveguide.

CO2: Obtain the expression for power carried by a mode in the waveguide.

CO3 : Distinguish between Intermodal and intramodal dispersion. Derive the expression for these

dispersions.

CO4: Explain different dispersion compensation mechanisms.

CO5: Obtain the amplifier model for Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier .

CO6: describe the functioning of semiconductor sources and detectors used for optical fiber

communication.

CO7: Analyze the analog and digital fiber optic communication system.

CO8: explain the WDM systems and the components used in the system.

Course Description

Eigenvalue equation and its solution for planar waveguides. Modes supported by a planar waveguide. Power associated with modes, weakly guiding approximation, birefringence.

Derivation of eigenvalue equation for step index fibers and its solution. Modes in an optical fiber. Linearly polarized modes and weakly guiding approximation. Birefringnece in optical fibers

Losses in optical fibers due to absorption and scattering. Signal distortion due to dispersion. Intermodal and intramodal dispersion. Material and waveguide dispersion. Polarization mode dispersion. Dispersion compensation techniques.

Theory of optical amplification. Energy levels in EDFA. Pump threshold condition. Applications of EDFA.

Review of semiconductor theory. Semiconductor sources and detectors for optical fiber communication, Introduction to Quantum well structures.

Optical power coupling into fibers. Fiber splicing and connectors. Link power and rise time budgeting. Analog and digital fiber optic communication system analysis. WDM systems and components. Impacts of fiber nonlinearities on fiber optic communication system.

Attenuation and dispersion measurements in an optical fiber. OTDR. Concept of RMS pulse and spectral width.

References:

1. G. Keiser, ‘Optical Fiber Communication’, McGraw Hill, 2010.2. M. Sathish Kumar, ‘Fundamentals of Optical Fiber Communication’, Prentice Hall of India, 2009.3. J. Senior and M. Y. Jamro, ‘Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice’, Pearson,

2009.4. A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, ‘Introduction to Fiber Optics’, Cambridge University Press, 19985. A. Yariv and P. Yeh, ‘Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications’, Oxford

University Press, 2007

ECE – 541 MICROWAVE & MILLIMETER ANTENNAS [4-0-0-4] Total Number of lecture hours: 48

Course Objectives:


CO1: Analyze and design of different types of horn antennas and obtain of its radiation characteristics.

CO2: Analyze different paraboloidal reflector antennas.

CO3: Describe radiation mechanism, feeding technique of reflector, arrays and microstrip antennas.

CO4: Discuss periodic dielectric antennas, leaky wave antennas, tapered slot and printed antennas.

CO5: analyze active integrated antennas, active and passive elements, oscillators and amplifier; active antennas characteristics and its measurement.

CO6: Describe beam forming antennas, satellite antennas, medical applications antennas, radiometry and remote sensing antennas.

CO7: Discuss the principles of range measurement, gain measurement, pattern measurement and polarization measurement.

Course Description:

Types of pure mode horns, design of pyramidal horns, wide band range loaded horns, multi mode horns, corrugated and their radiation characteristics.

Analysis and radiation characteristics of symmetrical paraboloidal reflector antennas; Different types of dual reflector antennas and their characteristics, offset reflector antennas.

Basic lens antenna operation, lens shape design.

Basic configuration and advantages, radiation mechanism, Basic characteristics, feeding techniques, Broad-banding techniques, phased arrays, conformal Microstrip antennas, future developments.

Periodic dielectric antennas, leaky wave antennas, tapered slot antennas, printed circuit antennas.

Introduction to active integrated antennas, active devices and passive elements, quasi optical systems, spatial power combining oscillator and amplifier, active antenna characteristics and measurements.

Beam forming antennas, satellite antennas, antennas for medical applications, antenna for radiometry and remote sensing.

Outdoor and compact range measurement arrangements, anechoic chamber, pattern measurement, gain measurement, polarization measurement.

References:

1. C. A. Balanis, ‘Antenna Theory’, John Wiley and Sons. Inc., 20102. John Kraus, ‘Antenna and wave Propagation’, Tata McGraw Hill, 20103. Warren L. Stutzman, Gary A. Thiele, ‘Antennas Theory and Design’, John Wiley and sons, 20094. P. S. Neelakanta and R. Chatterjee, ‘Antennas for Information Super Skyways-An Exposition to Outdoor and Indoor Wireless Antennas’, Prentice Hall of India, 2008

ECE - 542 RADAR SYSTEMS [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Derive expression for Radar range and explain factors affecting the maximum range.

CO2: Describe Radar transmitter and receiver circuits.

CO3: Describe and analyze the Radar beacons.

CO4: Describe Electronically Steered Phased Array Antennas.

CO5: Design the antennas for Radar applications.

CO6: Compare the different tracking methods used in Radar systems.

CO7: Evaluate the performance of various detection methods used to identify Radar signals in presence of

noise.

CO8: Describe methods employed for extracting the information from Radar signal.

CO9: Apply digital signal processing techniques to process Radar signals.

CO10: Discus and Compare high resolution Radars

Course Description

Introduction to Radar Systems – Radar block diagram, Radar Equation, Target echo information extraction, Integration of Radar Pulses, Pulse Repetition Frequency and Range Ambiguities, General Radar range equation, Beacon and Repeater equations.

Radar transmitters- high power transmitting devices, Receivers- special design considerations, low noise receivers, Duplexer, Indicators and Displays.

Radar Antennas- Forms of antennas, side lobe suppression techniques, Electronically Steered Phased Array Antennas.

Tracking Radar - Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Monopulse Tracking Radar – Amplitude Comparison Monopulse (one- and two- coordinates), Phase Comparison Monopulse. Target Reflection Characteristics and Angular Accuracy. Tracking in Range, Acquisition and Scanning Patterns.

Detection of radar signals in noise- Matched filter receiver, correlation detection, detection criteria, Noyman-Pearson observer. Detection characteristics. Envelop detector, optimum detector low logarithmic detector, zero crossing detector, coherent detector, Automatic detection - CFAR Receiver, Cell Averaging CFAR Receiver, CFAR uses in Radar.

Extraction of information from radar signals - Phase and amplitude measurements, statistical estimation of parameters, likelihood function, theoretical accuracy of range and Doppler, velocity measurements, uncertainty relation, angular accuracy, transmitted waveforms, ambiguity diagram, pulse compression, clutter. Digital signal processing of radar signals, digital matched filters for radar signals, Doppler processing to combat clutter problems.

High Resolution Radar-Synthetic Aperture Radar, Bistatic Radar, comparison of bistatic and monostatic radar, Fundamentals of bistatic synthetic aperture Radar(BSAR).

References:

1. M.I.Skolnik, ‘Introduction to Radar Systems’, 3rd Ed., McGraw Hill, 2003.2. Peyton Z. Peebles Jr., ‘Radar Principles’, John Wiley, 2004.3. Edde Byron, ‘Radar: Principles, Technology, Applications’, Prentice- Hall education ,2004.4. David Barton , ‘Radar system analyses and Modeling’, Artech house, 2005.5. Moccia Antonio, ‘ Bistatic radar emerging technology’, John Wiley, 2008.

ECE - 543 DATA COMPRESSION [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1- Discuss different types of compression techniques

CO2- Describe different types of compression codes and its applications

CO3- Discuss quantisation and explore its types

CO4- Discuss different transforms and explore its types

CO5- Describe sub-band coding

CO6- Apply sub-band coding for speech, audio and image compression

CO6- Discuss wavelet and multi resolution analysis

CO7- Implement image compression techniques using filters

Course Description

Compression techniques, modeling and coding. Introduction to information theory, models, coding

Algorithm, Adaptive Huffman coding, Golomb codes, Rice codes, Tunstall codes Coding sequence, generating a binary code, comparison of Huffman and Arithmetic coding, Applications

Static dictionary, adaptive dictionary, applications.

Prediction with partial match, the Burrows-Wheeler transform, CALIC, JPEG-LS, multi resolution approaches, Facsimile encoding, dynamic Markov compression.

Information theory revised, Distortion criteria, models

The quantisation problem, uniform quantizer, adaptive quantizer, non uniform quantizer, entropy-coded quantization Advantages, the Linde-Buzo-Gray algorithm, tree-structured vector quantizers, structured vector quantizers, variations on the theme, Trellis-coded quantization.

Algorithm, prediction in DPCM, adaptive DPCM, Delta modulation, speech coding

Vector spaces, Fourier series, Fourier Transforms, Sampling, DFT, Z-transform.

The Transform, types, quantization and coding of transform coefficients, Applications to image compression and audio compression

Filters, the basic sub band coding algorithms, bit allocation, application to speech coding and audio coding, Application to image compression Wavelets, multi resolution analysis and the scaling function, implementation using filters, image compression, JPEG 2000

References:

1. Khalid Sayood, “Introduction to Data Compression," Addison Wesley. 2000.2. Jayanth, Peter, Noll, “Digital Coding & Waveforms”, Prentice Hall, 1984.3. David Salomon, "Data Compression," 2nd Edn., Springer,2000.4. Toby Berger, "Rate Distortion Theory: A Mathematical Basis for Data Compression,"Prentice Hall, 1971.5. Thomas M. Cover, Joy A. Thomas, "Elements of Information Theory", John Wiley & Sons, Inc,1991.6. Ali N. Akansu, Richard A. Haddad, "Multi resolution signal decomposition: Transforms, Subbands and Wavelets," Academic Press, 1992.

ECE – 544 CAD TOOLS FOR VLSI [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:

At the end of the course, students will be able to:

CO1: Describe microelectronic fabrication processes with the help of semiconductor TCAD tools.

CO2: Apply the graph theory for solving CAD problems in VLSI.

CO3: Use semicustom programmable devices such as PLDs & FPGAs for designing digital circuits.

CO4: Employ technology mapping concept for mapping circuits to a target library for optimizing area and speed.

CO5: Develop state diagram and state flow sequencing graph for architectural synthesis.

CO6: Employ high-level synthesis techniques including scheduling and allocation for architectural synthesis of circuits.

CO7: Employ heuristic and exact two-level logic minimization techniques for two-level logic circuits.

CO8: Apply sequential logic synthesis techniques such as state Minimization and state encoding for optimizing sequential circuits.

CO9: Apply automated and manual techniques for generating test vectors for fault detection in digital circuits and systems.

CO10: describe the techniques for built in self-test capability in a circuit to make it self-testing.

Course Description

Semiconductor device fabrication techniques-NMOS, PMOS and CMOS. Stick diagram and Design rules for MOS Circuits. PLA circuit implementation. Semiconductor TCAD Tool-SILVACO.

Basic of Graph Theory- Types of graph.Graph optimization problems and Algorithms.

Introduction to PLDs, Types, Boolean logic implementation, Classification of FPGA, Switching technology.

Cell-library binding-Subject graph, Pattern Graph and simple library design. Tree based covering using Dynamic programming and using Automata.Look-up table and Anti-fuse based FPGAs.

State diagram, state flow sequencing graph, Architectural synthesis:- strategies for architectural optimizations, Area/Latency,Cycle-time/Latency and Cycle-time/Area optimizations.

Model for scheduling problems, scheduling with resource and without resource constraints.

Two level combinational logic synthesis and optimization- Exact and Heuristic method, Sequential logic Optimization.

Fault simulation techniques, automatic test pattern generation method (ATPG), Fault collapsing Technique, design for testability (DFT) techniques.

References:

1.Pucknell D.A., Eshraghian K. , ‘Basic VLSI design’, PHI publication, New Delhi,2004.2.Giovanni De Michelli , “Synthesis and Optimisation of Digital Circuits”, Tata-McGraw Hill, New Delhi,1994.3.Gary D. Hachtel, Fabio Somenzi , “Logic Synthesis and Verification Algorithm”, Kluwer Academic Publication, Boston,2002.4. A.Anand Kumar, ‘Switching Theory and Logic Design’, PHI publication, New Delhi, 2009. 5. M.J.S.Smith , ‘Application Specific ICs’, Addison Wesley,1997.6. Charles Roth and Lizy John, ‘Principles of Digital System Design’, Cengage Learning ,2009.

ECE -545 HIGH SPEED DIGITAL DESIGN [4-0-0-4]

Total number of lecture Hours: 48

Course Objectives:


CO1: Explain design issues in high speed digital design

CO2: Draw and analyze electrical models of different types of wires and transmission lines

CO3: Explain the different noise sources in digital systems

CO4: Analyze the performance factors that affect signaling over different channels like transmission line,

transmission media, RC/LC lines etc.

CO5: Analyze and design terminations and vias in high speed digital design

CO6: Analyze and solve problems related to timing convention and synchronisation in high speed digital

design

CO7: Analyze and solve problems related to clock distribution, clock skew and crosstalk in clock lines

Course Description:

Introduction to high speed digital design: Frequency, time and distance issues in digital VLSI design. Capacitance and inductance effects, high speed properties of logic gates, speed and power. Modeling of wires, geometry and electrical properties of wires, Electrical models of wires, transmission lines, lossless LC transmission lines, lossy RLC transmission lines and special transmission lines.

Power distribution and Noise: Power supply network, local power regulation, IR drops, area bonding. On-chip bypass capacitors and symbiotic bypass capacitors. Power supply isolation. Noise sources in digital systems, power supply noise, crosstalk and inter symbol interference.

Signaling convention and circuits: Signaling modes for transmission lines, signaling over lumped transmission media, signaling over RC interconnect, driving lossy LC lines, simultaneous bi-directional signaling terminations, transmitter and receiver circuits.

Terminations and vias: Types of terminations. AC biasing for end terminations, resistor selection, crosstalk in terminators, properties of vias, capacitance of vias, inductance of vias, return current and its relation to vias.

Timing convention and synchronisation: Timing fundamentals, timing properties of clocked storage elements, signals and events, open loop timing, level sensitive clocking, pipeline timing, closed loop timing, clock distribution, synchronization failure and meta-stability, clock distribution, clock skew and methods to reduce clock skew, controlling crosstalk in clock lines, delay adjustments, clock oscillators and clock jitter - PLL and DLL based clock aligners.

References:

1. William S. Dally & John W. Poulton, “Digital Systems Engineering”, Cambridge University Press, 1998.

2. Howard Johnson & Martin Graham, “High Speed Digital Design: A Handbook of Black Magic”, Prentice Hall PTR, 1993.

3. Masakazu Shoji, “High Speed Digital Circuits”, Addison Wesley Publishing Company, 1996.4. Jan M, Rabaey, et al, “Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective”, Pearson, 2003.

ECE – 546 TIME-FREQUENCY AN WAVELET TRANSFORMS [4-0-0-4]

Total number of lecture hours: 48Course Objectives:


CO1: Define stationary and non-stationary signals and illustrate the importance of short-time Fourier

transform (STFT).

CO2: Define and explain the Multi-resolution concept and continuous-time wavelet transform (CWT).

CO3: Apply CWT to identify the coherent structures and edges in a 1-dimentional signal.

CO4: Define and demonstrate the inverse continuous-time wavelet transform (ICWT) and wavelet based

energy and power spectra.

CO5: Relate and compare wavelet transform with Fourier transform.

CO6: Define discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and explain the orthogonality principle based on Haar

wavelet.

CO7: Design and implement orthogonal wavelet system such as Daubechies orthogonal wavelet system.

CO8: Analyze 1-dimentional signal using DWT based filter bank theory.

CO9: Synthesize and reconstruct the signal using up-sampling and scaling concept of DWT.

CO10: Explain the bi-orthogonality concept in wavelets.CO11: Analyze the 1-dimensional signal using bi-orthogonal wavelet systems.

Course Description

Time-frequency analysis and wavelet transforms. Stationary and non-stationary signals. Short-time Fourier transform (STFT). Need for Wavelet transform.

Multi-resolution analysis and Continuous Wavelet Transform (Qualitative treatment)

Two-channel filter bank and analysis,Quadrature mirror filters and conjugate quadrture filters, Haar transforms. Daubechies four-coefficient wavelet. Sampling.

Continuous wavelet transform: Energy spectrum of a wavelet, energy of Mexican hat wavelet, wavelet manipulations, Relation between scale and (pseudo) frequency, CWT coefficients, Identification of coherent structures, edge detection, Wavelet transform of an intermittent signal, fractal signals, Inverse wavelet transform, Signal energy, wavelet based energy, and power spectra. Wavelet transform in terms of Fourier transform, Short time Fourier transform and Heisenberg boxes. Spectrogram, Wavelet transforms in two or more dimensions.

Discrete wavelet transform: Frames and orthogonal wavelet bases, dyadic grid scaling and orthonormal wavelet transforms, Scaling function and multiresolution representation. Scaling equation, scaling coefficients and associated wavelet equation, Haar wavelet, Coefficients from coefficients : fast wavelet transform, Discerete input signals of finite length,Multi-resolution algorithm

Designing orthogonal wavelet systems: Refinement relation for orthogonal wavelet systems, restrictions on filter coefficients. Designing Daubechies orthogonal wavelet system wavelets

Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and relation to filter banks: Signal decomposition (analysis), relation with filter banks, Frequency response, signal reconstruction, upsampling and filtering, perfect matching filters.

Generating and plotting of parametric wavelets, Orthogonality conditions and parameterization, polyphase matrix and recurrence relation. Precise numerical evaluation of Ф and Ψ, cascade algorithm, Biorthogonal wavelets

Applications of Wavelet transform.

References:

1. P. S Addison, “The illustrated Wavelet transform Handbook”, Institute of Physics Publishing, 2002.2. C S Burrus, A Gopinath, and Haitao Guo, “Introduction to wavelets and wavelet transforms”,

Prentice-Hall, 1998.3. K P Soman and K. I. Ramachandran, “Insight into Wavelets from theory to practice”, Prentice-Hall

of India, 2005.

ECE 547 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE PHYSICS [ 4-0-0-4]

Total number of lecture hours:48

Course Objectives:


CO1: Discuss and quantify the effect of doping on various parameters of the semiconductors.CO2: Analyze the working and performance of semiconductor devices such as Diodes and

Transistors. CO3: Describe the behavior and analyze different characteristics of devices such as Schottky

Diodes, FET’s and MOSFET’s . CO4: Identify the real time applications of semiconductor devices.CO5: Discuss ways of measuring various parameters related semiconductors.

Course Description

Basic physics: Review of quantum mechanics:- Electrons in periodic lattices, E-k diagrams, Quasi particles in semiconductors, electrons, holes and phonons ,Wave particle Duality, Schrödinger Wave equation,Crystalline Solids and Energy Bands: - Bonding of atoms, crystalline state, Lattice Vibrations, Phonons, Energy band of Metal and Insulator.

Fundamentals of semiconductors: Semiconductor Materials and their properties, Semi conducting Materials, Energy Band Model, Fermi level and energy distribution of carriers inside the energy bands, temperature dependence of carrier concentrations.

Carrier Transport in Semiconductors: - Boltzmann transport equation and solution in the presence of low electric and magnetic fields - mobility and diffusivity; Carrier statistics; Continuity equation, Poisson's equation and their solution, trap rate, Finite difference formulation of these equations in 1D, High field effects: velocity saturation, hot carriers and avalanche breakdown, Physical/empirical models of semiconductor parameters-mobility, lifetime, band gap.

Junction and interfaces: PN junction:- Description of p-n junctions , Abrupt junction , Linearly graded junction, Diffused junction , I-V characteristic of diode in forward and reversed biased condition, Schottky barrier diode , Ohmic contacts, Heterojunctions.

MOS Transistors:- Semiconductor Surfaces , C-V characteristic of the MOS capacitors , Effects of oxide charges, defects and interface states; Characterization of MOS capacitors, I-V characteristic of MOSFET , Short-Channel effects , MOSFET structures , Charge Coupled Devices, Semiconductor devices:- Tunnel Diode , Solar cell , Photo detectors , Light Emitting Diodes , Semiconductor Lasers.

Semiconductor measurements: Conductivity type, Resistivity, Hall Effect Measurements, Drift Mobility, Minority Carrier Lifetime, Diffusion Length, CVs for dopant profile characterization; Capacitance transients and DLTS.

References:1 . M.S.Tyagi , “Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices” , John Wiley and Sons , 2004.2 . S. Selberherr, “Analysis and Simulation of Semiconductor Devices”, Springer-Verlag, 1984. 3 . J. P. McKelvey, “Introduction to Solid State and Semiconductor Physics”, Harper and Row and John Weathe Hill, 1966.4 .D.K. Schroder, “Semiconductor Material and Device Characterization”, John Wiley, 1990.5 . S. M. Sze, “Physics of Semiconductor Devices”,John Wiley, 1981.6 . C. T. Sah, “Fundamentals of Solid-State Electronic Devices”, Allied Publishers and World Scientific, 1991.7 . Physics of Semiconductor devices. , M. Shur, PHI, 2008.

ECE-548 SYSTEM ON CHIP DESIGN [4-0-0-4]

Total number of Hours: 48

Course Objectives:


CO1: Review the processor organizational concepts in system on chip design.

CO2: Evaluate the chip design methodologies based on power consumption, performance and area.

CO3: Discuss the suitability of ARM processor cores in system on chip design.

CO4: Construct subsystems using Register Transfer Level and Algorithmic State Machine techniques.

CO5: Discuss AMBA based techniques in system interconnecting.

CO6: Discuss the use of JTAG and boundary scan architecture in system debugging.

CO7: Describe different chip design methodologies and compare them.

CO8: Analyze the architecture design and testing.

Course Description

Introduction to Processor Design, Processor architecture and organization, Abstraction in hardware design, Processor design trade-offs, Design for low power consumption, Architecture for low power.

Subsystem design principles- pipelining, Data paths, Combinational shifters, Adders, ALUs, Multipliers, High density memory, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, Programmable Logic Arrays.

Pipeline ARM organization, ARM instruction execution, ARM implementation, Development tools, Architectural Support for System Development, The ARM memory interface, The Advanced Micro controller Bus Architecture (AMBA), The ARM reference peripheral specification, Hardware system prototyping tools, The ARMulator, The JTAG boundary scan test architecture , The ARM debug architecture, ARM Processor Cores, ARM CPU cores, Intellectual property design, Memory Hierarchy, Memory size and speed, On-Chip memory, Caches and design, Memory management.

Floor planning, Floor planning methods, Off- chip connections, Architecture Design, Register –Transfer Design, High level synthesis, System on –chips Embedded CPUs, Architecture Testing, Chip design, Design Methodologies, Microprocessor Data path, Hardware/ Software Co –Design

References:

1. Steve Furber “ARM System-on- Chip Architecture”, Second Edition , Pearson,2000

2. Wayne Wolf, “Modern VLSI Design , System –on- Chip Design”, Pearson, 2005

3.F.Balarin, “Hardware-software co-design of embedded systems” , Kluwer academic publishers, 1997

ECE – 549 SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Analyze and compare the direct sequence and frequency hop spread spectrum techniques in simple

and hybrid systems.

CO2: Represent the spread spectrum signal as an equivalent low pass (analytic) signal.

CO3: Generate various maximal length linear and nonlinear PN codes and compare their performances.

CO4: Analyze and evaluate the performance of Spread spectrum modulation schemes with respect the

jamming environment, processing gain and probability of error.

CO5: Analyze and evaluate the performance of spread spectrum techniques with and without forward error

correction.

CO6: Analyze and compare different techniques of diversity in fading environment and evaluate their

performance as a function of probability of error.

CO7: Analyze the concept of cellular geometry for frequency allocation in the context of mobile radio

resource management.

CO8: Analyze and compare multi carrier CDMA cellular system with other wireless standards.

Course description:

Review of digital communication concepts, direct sequence and frequency hop spread spectrum systems. Hybrid direct sequence/frequency hop spread spectrum. Complex envelop representation of spread spectrum signals.

Sequence generator fundamentals, Maximum length sequences. Gold and Kasami codes, Nonlinear Code generators.

Spread spectrum communication system model, Performance of spread spectrum signals in jamming environments, Performance of spread spectrum communication systems with and without forward error correction.

Diversity reception in fading channels, Cellular radio concept, CDMA cellular systems. Examples of CDMA cellular systems. Multicarrier CDMA systems. CDMA standards.

References:

1. R. L. Peterson, R. E. Zeimer and D. E. Borth, ‘Introduction to Spread Spectrum Communications’, Pearson, 1995.

2. J. D. Proakis and M. Salehi, ‘Digital Communication’, McGraw Hill, 2008.3. A. J. Viterbi, ‘CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communications’, Addision Wesley, 1995.4. S. Verdu, ‘Multiuser Detection’, Cambridge University Press, 1998

ECE 550 NONLINEAR FIBER OPTICS [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Discuss the physics behind the origin of nonlinear optical effects

CO2: Express propagation through optical fibers through the nonlinear Schrodinger equation

CO3: Describe group velocity dispersion and the different propagation regimes in an optical fiber. CO4: Predict the impact of higher order dispersion effects and devise methods to mitigate its impacts

CO5 Analyze impacts of SPM and higher order nonlinear effects

CO6: Identify conditions for generation and sustenance of solitons in optical fibers

CO7: Describe XPM and its applications

CO8: Describe stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering and its applications.

CO9: Describe FWM and Second harmonic generation and their applications

Course Description:

Physical origin of nonlinear optical effects in crystals. Review of fiber modes, Pulse propagation through optical fibers. Nonlinear Schrodinger equation.

Group velocity dispersion. Different propagation regimes, Dispersion induced pulse broadening. Third order dispersion, Dispersion management. Self phase modulation. SPM induced spectral broadening, Effect of group velocity dispersion. Higher order nonlinear effects. Optical Solitons, modulation instability, fiber solitons.

Nonlinear birefringence, Nonlinear phase shift. Cross phase modulation. XPM induced nonlinear coupling. XPM induced modulation instability. Applications of XPM.

Stimulated Raman and Brillouin Scattering, Quasi continuous SRS and SBS, SRS with short pump pulses, Dynamic aspects, SBS applications.

Parametric processes, Origin and theory of FWM, Phase matching techniques, parametric amplification. FWM applications, Second harmonic generation.

References:1. G. P. Agarwal, ‘Nonlinear Fiber Optics’, Academic Press, 2007.2. A. Yariv and P. Yeh, ‘Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications’, Oxford

University Press, 2007 3. G. P. Agarwal, ‘Applications of Nonlinear Fiber Optics’, Academic Press 2008.4. R. W. Boyd, ‘Nonlinear Optics’, Academic Press 2008

ECE-551 CODING THEORY [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Apply the principles of probability theory to quantify the information and analyze communication

system.

CO2: Describe various lower and upper bounds, inequalities, limits and their significance.

CO3: Develop various channel models and analyze.

CO4: Apply the Information theory in data compression, transmission and channel encoding, storage and processing.

CO5: Discuss different algorithms and their performances in error control applications.

CO5: Analyze the computational complexity of implementing various error control codes

CO6: Analyze different retransmission strategies and evaluate the performance of each of them.

CO7: Extract information from research papers in the field, analyze, propose improvements and write

technical paper and present.

Course Description:

Information and Entropy: Sources of information, DMS and Markov. Properties of Entropy. Entropy of information sources, Extension of a DMS.

Information channels, probability relations in a channel, A Priori, A Posteriori Entropies, Equivocation, Mutual information, Capacity of BSC, BEC, Noiseless and deterministic channels.

Source coding: Uniquely decodable codes, Instantaneous codes and its construction, Average length of a code, Bounds for Average Length, Kraft's Inequality. R-ary compact codes. Code efficiency, Redundancy. Shannon-Fano and Huffman code

Algebra: Groups, rings and fields, properties of finite fields, Galois field arithmetic and its realization, Vector spaces, Matrices.

Channel Coding: Block codes, Minimum distance of a block code, Singleton bound. Performance of Codes. Hamming codes. Cyclic codes, Golay Codes BCH codes, R-S codes. Convolutional codes. Viterbi Algorithm. LDPC Codes.

References:

1. S. Lin and D. J. Costello Jr, “Error Control Coding”, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.2. T. K. Moon, ‘Error Correction Coding: Mathematical Methods And Algorithms’, Student Edition,

John Wiley & Sons, 2005.3. R. M. Roth, ‘Introduction to Coding Theory’, Cambridge University Press, 2006.4. F. MacWilliams and N. Sloane, ‘The Theory of Error-Correcting Codes’. North-Holland, 1988.5. S. B. Wicker, ‘Error Control Systems for Digital Communication and Storage’, Prentice-Hall,

1995.6. Hamming, Richard Wesley, ‘Coding and Information Theory’ Prentice Hall International, 1980.

.ECE-552 DIGITAL SPEECH PROCESSING [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Describe the anatomy and physiology of human speech production system.

CO2: Classify the different speech sounds.

CO3: Describe and analyze the digital models of speech production system.

CO4: Explain and implement the various time-domain parameters of speech such as short-time energy, zero

crossing rate and average magnitude.

CO5: Apply the time-domain features and methods to detect pitch, silence and speech.

CO6: Illustrate the spectral features and linear predictive coding (LPC) of speech.

CO7: Analyze and compute pitch period and formants of voiced speech signal using LPC parameters.

CO8: Describe and implement the various speech coding algorithms such as adaptive waveform coder,

differential PCM coder, and frequency domain coders.

CO9: Apply and evaluate the performances of various speech coding algorithms.

CO10: Explain the principle of speech synthesis and illustrate the unrestricted speech synthesis systems.

CO11: Describe and develop the different approaches of speech recognition viz. dynamic time warping (DTW), Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN).

Course Description

Anatomy and Physiology of speech production, Categorization of speech sounds, Acoustic theory of speech production, Uniform lossless tube model, Effects of losses in the vocal tract, Digital models for speech signals.

Time-dependent processing of speech, Short time energy and Average magnitude, Short time average zero-crossing rate, Speech Vs Silence Discrimination using Energy and Zero crossings, Short time Auto-correlation function, Pitch period estimation using Auto-correlation function.

Short Time Fourier Transform Analysis, Spectrographic Displays, Linear Predictive Coding of speech signals, Pitch detection and Formants analysis using LPC.

Speech redundancies, Measure to evaluate Speech quality. Waveform Coding, differential PCM, LPC vocoders. Frequency Domain Coders, analysis by Synthesis, Phase, Channel, and Homomorphic Vocoders.

Principles of Speech Synthesis, LPC synthesis, Unrestricted Text to Speech systems.

Feature Extraction: LPC, Cepstral Coefficients, MFCC, Pattern Matching by Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), Hidden Markov Models (HMM), Artificial Neural Networks for speech recognition.

References:

1. Rabiner L.R and Schaffer R.W, “Digital Processing of Speech Signals”, Prentice Hall, NJ, 2007.2. Thomas F. Quatieri, “Discrete-time Speech Signal Processing—Principles and Practice”, Pearson

Education Inc, 2004.3. Douglas O' Shaughnessy, “Speech Communications: Human and Machine Reading”, Addison-Wesley.

1987.4. Deller J.R, Proakis G.J and Hansen J.H.L, “Discrete Time Processing of Speech Signals”, IEEE Press.

2000.5. Rabiner L.R and Jaung, “Fundamentals of Speech Recognition”, Prentice Hall. 1993.

ECE – 553 VLSI TESTING & TESTABILITY [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Describe the different types of testing, testing process and its significance.CO2: Discuss and analyze different types of faults and prepare models for the same.CO3: Derive test vectors for finding stuck at faults in combinational circuit using various types of structural

and algebraic algorithms.CO4: Derive test vectors for finding stuck at faults in sequential circuit using structural algorithm and state

table verification method.CO5: Discuss and compare various Design for Testability techniques.CO6: Derive compressed output for combinational circuit for Self test using different methods.CO7: Describe various BIST architectures for improving testability.CO8: Discuss analog testing using DSP based and Model based approaches.

Course description:

Introduction to testing and testability: Need for testing, digital and analog testing, Controllability and observability, Design-for-test (DFT), Test process and ATE, Test economics.

Fault modeling: Introduction to faults in digital circuits, Fault models - Stuck-at faults, Bridging faults, Iddq faults, delay faults, intermittent faults.Testing of combinational circuits: Various types of faults. Functional v/s structural approach to testing, test vector generation for a single stuck-at-fault in combinational logic, Algebraic algorithms :Boolean difference method. Structural algorithms: D-algorithm, FAN, PODEM algorithm, SOCRATES, Recursive learning. Pseudorandom test pattern generation.

Test optimization and fault coverage

Testability Techniques: Need for enhancing controllability and observability through the addition of DFT hardware, partitioning, adhoc and structured approaches to DFT, various scan design approaches, scan-path testing, Boundary scan.

Testing of sequential circuits: Test pattern generation for sequential circuits, Exhaustive, non-exhaustive and pseudorandom test pattern generation, Delay fault testing.

Signatures and self test: Testing with random patterns. LFSRs, random test generation and response compression, Built-in self test (BSIT), Input compression Output compression Arithmetic, Reed-Muller and spectral coefficients, Coefficient test signatures, Signature analysis and Online self test.

Analog testing: DSP based analog test and model based analog test. Testing techniques for Filters, A/D Converters.

References:

1 M. Abramovici, M. A. Breuer, and A.D. Friedman, "Digital Systems Testing and Testable Design", Piscataway, New Jersey: IEEE Press, 1994.

2 M. L. Bushnell and V. D. Agrawal, "Essentials of testing for digital, memory and mixed-signal VLSI circuits", Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

3 Miczo, "Digital Logic Testing and simulation". New York: Harper & Row, 1986.4 Krstic and K-T Cheng, "Delay Fault Testing for VLSI Circuits", Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998.5 P.K. Lala, "Fault Tolerant & Fault Testable hardware Design", BS Publications, 19986 Stanley L. Hurst, “VLSI Testing: digital and mixed analogue digital techniques” Pub:Inspec/IEE,

1999.

ECE-554 EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN [4-0-0-4]

Total number of Hours: 48

Course Objectives:


CO1: Differentiate and analyze the types of processors used in the embedded systems.

CO2: Design and implement embedded systems using a standard 8 bit microcontroller.

CO3: Perform various modeling for Hardware software co design.

CO4: Implement typical real time operating systems required for embedded systems.

CO5: Apply the knowledge of real time operating system in practical applications.

CO6: Code and simulate different communication protocols such as I2C, SPI,CAN etc..

CO7: Discuss the concept of device drivers and inter process communication.

CO8: Discuss various scheduling algorithms used in real time events, estimate the related timing

parameters and compare them.

CO9: Apply the knowledge of embedded system design to build systems for practical applications.

Course Description:

Classification and major application areas of embedded System, design issues, characteristics and quality attributes, design cycle in the development phase, and Embedded Product Development Life Cycle.

Design using 8 bit microcontrollers, Hardware-Software Co-design and program modeling, fundamental issues and computational models, hardware software trade-offs.

Integrated Development Environment, Compilers, Simulators, Emulators, Debugging.

Real Time Operating System: Types of operating systems, Tasks, Process and Threads. Semaphores and shared Data, task scheduling, multiprocessing and multitasking, Operating system Services -Message queues-Timer Function-Events-Memory Management, device drivers, design Using RTOS.

Networks for Embedded Systems: I2C, CAN, SHARC, Ethernet, Myrinet, Internet.

Introduction to Blue tooth: Specification, Core Protocol, Cable replacement protocol, IEEE 1149.1 (JTAG).

Testability: Boundary Scan Architecture.

Processor trends in embedded system, development language trends. Overview of PIC and AVR family of microcontrollers and ARM processors.

References:

1. Raj Kamal , “Embedded Systems: Architecture, Programming and Design”, TMH, Second edition, 20082. K.J. Ayala,Dhananjay V. Gadre “The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems”, CENGAGE

Learning,2010

3. Shibu K.V, “Introduction to Embedded sytems,” McGraw Hill, 2009

4. Sam Siewert, “Real time embedded systems and components”, CENGAGE Learning,2007

5. Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis “ Embedded Systems”, Wiley India Edition, 2002

ECE - 555 INTRODUCTION TO MEMS TECHNOLOGY [4 0 0 4]

Total Number of Lectures: 48Course Objectives:

At the end of the course a student should be able to:

1. Discuss and analyze various micromachining techniques and select appropriate type for the given requirements.

2. Describe, analyze and schedule bulk silicon wet etching process to obtain required structure

3. Discuss surface Micromachining process, its limitations and problems associated with it

4. Plan and Schedule the bulk and surface micromachining process steps to obtain the required microstructure

5. Analyze cantilever structures and discuss how it can be used as a test structure, sensor and actuator, and suggest some simple designs to meet the design specifications

6. Analyze, compare and design (for the given specification) MEMS pressure sensors

7. Describe how MEMS can be used in sensing acceleration, rotation and in biosensors

8. Discuss how MEMS devices can be realized for RF applications

9. List the packaging techniques employed for MEMS devices.

10. Apply the principles of MEMS technology to build MEMS structures and devices for given application.

Course Description:

Historical Background of MEMS

Bulk Micromachining: Isotropic Etching and Anisotropic Etching, Wafer Bonding, High Aspect-Ratio Processes (LIGA).

Surface Micromachining: Sacrificial layer etching issues, stiction.

Micro cantilevers as test structures, sensors and actuators

Design of MEMS pressure sensors, accelerometer, gyroscope

RF MEMS Devices

Biosensors

MEMS device packaging

References:

1. Stephen D. Senturia, "Microsystem Design", Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.2. Marc Madou, “Fundamentals of Microfabrication”, CRC Press, 1997.3. H. Bao, “Micromechanical Transducers: Pressure sensors, accelerometers, and gyroscopes”

Elsevier, New York, 2000.4. Wanjun Wang & Steven A. Soper, “Bio-MEMS Technologies and Applications”, CRC Press.5. Gabriel M. Rebeiz, “RF MEMS Theory, Design, and Technology”, Wiley Inter science.6. Sergey Y.Yurish & Maria Teresa S.R. Gomes, “Smart Sensors and MEMS”, Kluwer Academic

Publishers.7. Vijay K. Varadan, K.J. Vinoy & K.A. Jose, “RF MEMS and Their Applications”, Wiley Eastern.8. Tai Ran Hsu, “MEMS and Microsystems: Design and Manufacture” TMH. 9. Nadim Maluf & Kirt Williams, “An Introduction to Microelectromechanical Systems Engineering”

Artech House.

ECE- 556 VLSI PHYSICAL DESIGN & VERIFICATION [ 3 1 0 4 ] Total Number of Hours: 48

Course Objectives:


CO1: Classify the different types of ASIC and compare them.

CO2: Discuss ASIC design methodologies and compare them.

CO3: Discuss various optimization techniques used in FSM synthesis and illustrate using examples.

CO4: Describe common EDA tools available for physical design automation.

CO3: Explain the algorithms available for the VLSI automation.

CO4: Discuss DSM effects and signal integrity issues in VLSI design.

CO5: Discuss the Design of Library Cells for an ASIC.

CO6: Perform timing analysis and Discuss clock tree synthesis for an ASIC.

CO7: Explain the concept of partitioning, floor planning, placement and routing and the related algorithms.

CO8: Apply different algorithms for Physical Design Flow for the optimization of chip.

CO9: Explain the different techniques used for verification and Testing.

Course Description:

Types of ASICs, ASIC/FPGA design flow, Programmable ASICs, Programmable ASIC Interconnect, ASIC economics. Transistor as resistors, Transistor as parasitic capacitance, Logic Effort, library cell design. FSM Synthesis, Timing Analysis-Static Timing Analysis, Clock tree Synthesis, clockskew analysis and power grid analysis.

Introduction to Physical design, Physical design cycle, Partitioning, Floor planning, Placement and Routing. Algorithms for physical design automation. Layout compaction. Case study.

Transmission line effects, Impedance mismatch, cross talk and issues in high speed design. Verification challenges, Verification of complex logic design, Verification issues like verification plan, verification methodology, Advanced functional verification, unified verification methodology. Timing verification,Hardware design verification, Software design verification , verification automation, physical verification, Layout planning and verifications

References:

1. M.J.S.Smith, “Application Specific ICs”, Pearson, 1997.2. Nigel Horspool and Peter Gorman, “The ASIC Handbook “, Prentice Hall, 2001.3. Sabin H. Gerez, “Algorithms for VLSI Design Automation”, John Wiley & Sons,1999.4. Naveed Sherwani, “Algorithm for VLSI Physical Design Automation”, Kluwer Academic

Publishers,1998.5. Paul Wilcox, “Professional Verification – a guide to advanced functional verification”, Springer

India, 2004.6. S. Sait, H. Youssef, “VLSI Physical Design Automation: Theory and Practice”, World Scientific,

1999.

ECE- 557 QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE [4-0-0-4]


Finite dimensional vector space, inner-product, complex numbers, linear adjoints, unitary maps, projectors, tensor product of Hilbert spaces, bit, qubit, entanglement, no-cloning, quantum circuits, quantum gates, Shor's algorithm.Quantum Fourier transform and phase estimation algorithms, order-finding and factoring, Quantum search algorithms, quantum counting.Grover's algorithm, quantum teleportation, quantum key-exchange, Generalized measurements, distance measurements for quantum information, Teleportation and measurement based quantum computing.

Decoherence, quantum error-correction, Shor code, quantum Hamming bound, Calderbank-Shor-Steane codes, stabilizer codes.

Mixed states, quantum information, Quantum information theory, Holevo theorem, quantum data compression.

References:1 . Gruska, J, “Quantum Computing”. McGraw-Hill,19992 . Nielsen, M. and Chuang, I. L, “Quantum Computation and Quantum Information”. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

ECE-558 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:

At the end of this course, the student will be able to:

CO1: Analyze the role illumination and reflection while any image is acquired.

CO2: Discuss the importance of Sampling and Quantization, from the point of view of image processing.

CO3: Employ different types of filters and examine its effects on an image.

CO4: Describe how to restore noisy and blurred images.

CO5: Discus the fundamentals of colour Image Processing.

CO6: Evaluate Spatial and frequency domain filtering.

CO7: Discover how to segment, classify and compress an image.

CO8: Discover fundamentals about wavelet transform and interpret its application in image processing.

CO9: Discover how image processing can be used for applications like character and face recognition.

Course Description:

Digital Image fundamentals, Image Acquisition System, Image Sampling and Quantization

Point Processing, Spatial operations, gray level transformation, Histogram Processing, Image enhancement, Smoothing and sharpening spatial filters. 2D DFT, Cosine and Hadamard Transform, Transform Operations, Smoothing and sharpening using frequency domain filters, Homomorphic Filtering.

Image Degradation / Restoration Process, noise models and filter types, Geometric TransformationColor fundamentals, Color Models, Pseudo and Full-Color Image processing, Color Transformations, smoothing & sharpening.Detection of Discontinuities, Edge Linking and Boundary detection, Boundary extraction, Region based segmentation, Classification Technique.Image Compression and standards, Interframe coding Image reconstruction from projection: Radon transform, Back projection operator, Projection theorem.

Wavelets and its applications in Image Processing.

Image processing applications in Character Recognition, Biomedical Imaging, Remote sensing, Digital Broadcasting and multimedia.

References:

1 . R. C. Gonzalez, R. E. Woods, ‘Digital Image Processing’, Pearson, 2008.2 . Anil K Jain, ‘Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing’, Pearson, 2001 3 W. K. Pratt, ‘Digital Image Processing’, Wiley 2010

ECE - 559 COMMUNICATION NETWORKS & PROTOCOLS [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:At the end of this course, student will be able to:

CO1: Discuss the applications of Computer Networks

CO2: Describe the OSI Layer and TCP/IP model of computer networks

CO3: Design LAN Protocols

CO4: Design Routers with different Routing Protocol and IP

CO5: Discuss ISDN and its importance

CO6: Design different Transport Layer

CO7: Identify applications of Computer Network and Security

Course Description:

Uses of computer networks, types of networks, network hardware, network software, network design issues, network design tools, ISO-OSI reference model, TCP/IP reference model, examples networks, network standardization. Components of a data communication – Data flow– Network criteria – Types of Connections: Point to point – multipoint; Topologies

Transmission & switching, frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, switch mode, integrated – services digital network (ISDN) ISDN services, evolution of ISDN, ISDN interface, ISDN system architecture, the digital PBX signaling, perspective on ISDN, terminal handling, applications for global ISDN and future trends.

Introduction, error detection and correction, elementary data link protocol, sliding window protocols, protocol performance, protocol specification and verification, data link layer. HDLC standard. Types of errors – detection versus correction – CRC – Hardware implementation - parity check and checksum – Hamming code.

Introduction, channel allocation, multiple access protocol, IEEE standards, fibre optic networks, satellite networks. 802.3, 802.4, 802.5.

Introduction, design issues, routing algorithms, congestion control algorithm, internetworking, network layer in internet, internet control protocols, limitations of IPv4 , Introduction to IPV6 Protocol.

Introduction, the transport services, elements of transport protocols, simple transport protocols, the internet transport protocol TCP and UDP, performance issues, connection management (Handshaking).

Frame format – Advanatges and disadvantages of FDDI, Network Security

References:

1. William Stallings,“Data & Computer communication “ 6th Edition. Prentice Hall of India, 1996.2. Tanenbaum , “Computer Networks” , 3rd Edition. Prentice Hall of India, 1998.3. William Stallings ,” Local area network” , Prentice Hall, 2000.4. Gallager ,”Data networks “Prentice Hall of India,2002.

ECE 560 NANOPHOTONICS [4 0 0 4]

Course Objectives:


CO1: Explain the limitations of conventional photonic systems.

CO2: Analyse wave propagation in inhomogeneous media.

CO3: Apply analytical tools to explain propagation of light in such complex structures such as photonic crystals.

CO4: Explain near field optics.

CO5: Analyse near field nanoscopic interactions and design simple near field microscopic systems.

CO6: Derive eigenvalue equations for wave propagation at metal-dielectric interface and explain surface plasmon polariton phenomena.

CO7: Analyse waveguiding phenomena of both photonic crystals as well as surface plasmon polaritons.

CO8: Apply ideas of nanophotonic theory to design simple photonic devices.

Course Description:

Introduction: nanophotonics at a glance. Foundations for nanophtonics , wave equations, dispersion, material models, evanescent fields. Spatial resolution and position accuracy. The point-spread function; resolution limit; position accuracy

Optics of inhomogeneous medium: Basics; matrix formulation; 1-D periodic structures and introduction to forbidden bands. Photonic crystal (PhC), theoretical modelling of photonic crystals Features of photonic crystals; phase, group and energy velocity; defect mode

Near-field interaction and microscopy, near-field optics and theoretical modelling of near-field nanoscopic interactions, near-field microscopy. Plasmonics: Plasmonic fundamentals and sensors, local field enhancement, Plasmonic waveguiding Super-resolution imaging

Metamaterials

References:

1. L. Novotny and B. Hecht, Principles of Nano-optics (Cambridge, 2006). 2. M. Born and E. Wolf, Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light (Cambridge, 1999) 3. M. Fox, Optical Properties of Solids (Oxford, 2001). 4. S. A. Maier, Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications (Springer, 2007)5. John D. Joannopoulos, Steven G. Johnson, Joshua N. Winn, and Robert D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light (Princeton University Press, 2008)8. P. N. Prasad, Nanophotonics (John Wiley &Sons, 2004).

ECE - 561 CRYPTOGRAPHY & NETWORK SECURITY [4-0-0-4]


Course Objectives:

At the end of this course, the student will be able to:

CO1: Use classical algorithms namely Affine transformation, enciphering matrices, Vigenere cipher and

Beufort cipher to encrypt and decrypt the data.

CO2: Apply standard algorithms like DES, AES, RC-5, Blowfish etc. to encrypt and decrypt the data.

CO3: Perform Cryptanalysis of various encryption algorithms.

CO4: Use public key cryptosystems like, RSA algorithm, Merkel-Hellman algorithm etc to Encrypt and

decrypt the data.

CO5: Compare the different message authentication algorithms.

CO6: Describe the concepts like Confidentiality, Integrity and Authenticity related cryptography.

Course Description

Security trends, The OSI security architecture, security attacks, services and mechanism, model for network security. Classical encryption techniques, Block cipher and data encryption standard, finite field, advanced encryption standard, string ciphers, confidentiality using symmetric encryption.Public key encryption, Chinese reminder theorem, RSA algorithm, Key management, Elliptic curve cryptography, Message authentication and hash functions, Digital signatures and authentication protocol.Authentication applications, Electronic mail security, IP security, WEB security, System security, intruders, malicious software firewalls.

References:

1. . William Stalling ,`Cryptography and Network Security` , Pearson Education, 2010. 2. . Forouzan and Mukhopadhyay , `Cryptography and Network security`, TMH, 2007.

3. . Bernard Menezes, `Network Security and Cryptography`, Cengage Learning 2010.4. . Neal Krawetz, `Introduction to Network Security`, Thomson, Delmar Learning 2007.5. . Randall K Nichols, Panos C Lekkas, `Wireless Security- Models, Threats and Solutions` TMH, 2007

ECE – 562 LARGE AREA MICRO-ELECTRONICS [4-0-0-4] Total number of lecture hours: 48

Course Objectives:

At the end of the course, students will be able to:CO1: Describe the quantum mechanics of electron in crystals.

CO2: Describe the basic electrical and electronic properties of crystalline solids and amorphous materials.

CO3: Analyze transport and optical characteristics of disordered semiconductors.

CO4: Describe the physics behind solid-state electronics and optoelectronic devices. CO5: Characterize the disordered semiconductor using various techniques, which influence the transport mechanisms.

CO6: Discuss major amorphous silicon based macroelectronic and optoelectronic devices, their features, and limitations.

CO7: Discuss principles of organic semiconductors giving an overview of electronically conjugated polymers and oligomers and their origin of the semi-conducting properties.

CO8: Discuss the applications of organic materials in devices such as light emitting diodes, field effect transistors, laser and solar cells.

CO9: Discuss the advances in the field of conjugated polymers and oligomers and their applications.

CO10: Describe the principles of operation of various types of display devices and their applications.

Course Description:

Introduction, Growth of amorphous and micro /nano crystalline hydrogenated silicon (a-Si:H) and its alloys, doping in amorphous semiconductors, defect densities, electron transport , optoelectronic properties , contact, interfaces, multilayers

P-I-N devices, Thin film transistors, LEDs, Memory Switches, Novel Processing Technology for Macroelectronics, Amorphous silicon Solar cells, TFT based LCD displays, Passive and Active Matrix displays , Photoreceptors, Large Area Image Sensor Arrays, Image pick up tubes, High energy Radiation imaging, Multilayer Color Detectors, Thin Film Position Sensitive Detectors.

Introduction to organic semiconductors, structure and properties, device configurations, Applications: Optoelectronics devices ,Solar cells, Photodiodes, LEDs ,Active Matrix displays , Organic Thin film transistors, Device structure and characteristics , Circuit systems based on organic devices, Organic Lasers.

Displays - LCD, Plasma, Electroluminescent, Electrophoretic (Electronic paper), and Field emission displays.

Introduction to Flexible Electronics.

References:

1. R.A.Street, ‘Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon’, Cambridge University Press,1991. 2. Robert A. Street , ‘Technology and Applications of Amorphous Silicon’,. Springer-Verlag New York, LLC Series: Series in Materials Science, 2004. 3. A.Madan & M.P.Shaw , ‘The Physics and Technology of Amorphous silicon’, Elsevier Science & Technology books,1988. 4. Richard Zallen, ‘The Physics of Amorphous solids’, Wiley,1998. 5.Tim.M.Searle, ‘Properties of Amorphous Silicon and Its Alloys’, IEEE Publication,1988.

6. "Macroelectronics – Large area and Flexible Electronics” Special Issue, MRS Bulletin, USA Vol. 31, June 2006.

ECE- 563 RF MICROELECTRONICS CHIP DESIGN [4-0-0-4]



CO1: Explain the design issues in RF design

CO2: State and describe the basic blocks used in RF design

CO3: Explain the working and design of passive RF components

CO4: Explain the working and design of active RF components

CO5: Analyze and design RF amplifiers

CO6: Analyze and design RF filters

CO7: Design of RF blocks like VCOs, mixers, modulation and detector stages, RF synthesizers etc.

Course Description:

Introduction to RF design: Frequency spectrum, RF design, complexity and choice of technology, application areas, RF design issues: nonlinearity, selectivity, sensitivity, and dynamic range, impedance matching ,insertion loss, noise, distortion.Basic RF modules: Review of basic blocks like amplifier, modulator /demodulator, mixer, filter, isolator, RF oscillators, coupler, phase shifters, tuner etc

Passive RF components: RF behavior of passive components, High Frequency Resistors, High Frequency Capacitors, High frequency inductors, chip components, surface mount inductors

Active RF components: RF diodes, BJT and RF Field-Effect Transistors, diode models-transistor models, BJT and MOSFET behavior at RF frequencies, measurement of active devices-scattering parameter device characterization.RF transistor amplifier design: characteristics of amplifiers, classes of operation and biasing networks, amplifier power relations, stability considerations, constant gain, unilateral and bilateral design, broad-band, high power, and multi-stage amplifiers, low noise amplifiers(LNA) impedance matching using discrete components, microstrip line matching networks.

RF Filter Design : Basic resonator and filter configurations, filter Types: LP, HP, BP and BS filters, insertion loss, special filter realizations-butterworth-type and chebyshev-type filters, denormalization, filter implementation: passive and active LC ladder filters, Design of CMOS RF biquadratic filters, RF filters using OTA, design issues in integrated RF filters, microstip filter, coupled filter.

Other complex RF blocks: RF oscillators-basic topologies, voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), quadrature and single sideband generators, design of mixers at GHz frequency range, various mixers-working and implementation. RF modulation and detector design, RF synthesizers- PLLS, various architectures and frequency dividers,

mobile RF communication, down conversion blocks-heterodyne and homodyne, RF receiver and transmitter architectures.

References:

1 . Thomas H. Lee “Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits” Cambridge University press, 2003.

2 . Behzad Razavi “RF Microelectronics”, Prentice Hall, 1998.

3 . W. Alan Davis, Krishna K. Agarwal , Radio Frequency Circuit Design,John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2001.

4 . Cotter W. Sayre , ‘Complete Wireless Design’, McGraw-Hill, 2008.

5 John M. W. Rogers, John W. M. Rogers, Calvin Plett, ‘Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design’, Artech House Publishers,2010.

ECE-564 ANALOG VLSI FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING [4-0-0-4] Total number of lecture hours: 48

Course Objectives:


CO1: List different signal processing methods and compare their merits and demerits

CO2: Explain the current signal processing trends like CMSP, low-voltage signal processing etc.

CO3: Explain the internal circuit, working and applications of different active elements like OTA, OTRA,

CC, CFOA and FTFN etc.

CO4: Analyze and design current-mode circuits like integrator, amplifier, normalizer etc.

CO5: Analyze and design OTA/CCII/CFOA based circuits

CO6: Design of programmable transconductors and filters

CO7: Design Active-RC filters for different applications

CO8: Design OTA-C filters for different applications like low frequency/high frequency

CO9: Analyze and discuss the design techniques like phase compensation, pre-distortion, sensitivity

evaluation etc.

CO10: Design VLSI implementation of analog circuits like ANN, WTA

Course Description:

Introduction to Analog Signal Processing (ASP): Sampled data signal processing, switched current filtering, Continuous-time signal processing, merits and demerits. signal conditioning, signal normalization, Anti-aliasing filter

Current trends: Current-mode signal processing (CMSP), Low-power/Low-voltage signal processing, nonlinear signal processing for audio and biomedical applications, log-domain signal processing.

Introduction to Current-mode signal processing: Current-mode versus voltage-mode, Active elements for CMSP like Operational transconductance amplifier(OTA), current conveyor(CC), current feedback Op-amp(CFOA),Current-mode circuits: current integrators, current amplifier, current normaliser, current-mode Winner-Take-All(WTA) circuits, current correlator, current bump circuits.

VLSI implementation of analog signal processing circuits: programmable transconductors, high-frequency CMOS transconductors, low-voltage low-freqency transconductors for biomedical applications. Active-RC, switched-capacitor (SC), and continuous-time (CT) integrated filters, Cascade design, Element substitution method, Operational Simulation method.

Applications: High-frequency analog signal processing circuits for GSM, Analog signal processor for RF ID applications, Continuous-time (CT) integrated filter for video frequency applications, Analog VLSI implementation of artificial neural networks (ANN), auditory and vision signal processing, current-mode transmitters, current-mode receivers for Data Communications.

References:1 C.Toumazou,F.J.Lidgey &D.G.Haigh, “Analogue IC Design :the current-mode approach”, Peter

Peregrinus, London, 1990.

2 Mohammed Ismail ,”Analog VLSI : Signal and Information Processing”, McGraw-Hill

companies ,1994.

3 R.Schaumann,M.S.Ghausi,Kenneth R Laker, “Design of Analog Filters Passive, Active RC, and Switched Capacitor”, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1995.

4. T Deliyanis, Y.Sun and J.K.Fidler , “Continuous-Time Active Filter Design”, CRC Press,

1999.

5. P.V.Anand Mohan, Current-mode VLSI Analog Filters : Design and Applications, Birkhauser,

2003.

6. Bram Nauta, Analog CMOS Filters for very high frequencies, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.

ECE 565 ARM PROCESSOR AND APPLICATIONS [3-0-0-3]



CO 1: Discuss the importance of ARM processor core in Embedded system design.

CO 2: Analyze the RISC design philosophy and illustrate it with the help of ARM Architecture.

CO 3: Describe and compare various ARM processor families.

CO 4: Describe ARM instruction set for various tasks and illustrate the application using typical programs.

CO 5: Discuss the process of exception handling in ARM.

CO6: Describe the memory management in embedded systems and the need for MMU.

CO7: Describe the protection mechanism and discuss the way it is supported in ARM based systems

Course Descriptions:

ARM embedded systems, RISC design philosophy, ARM processor fundamentals, Programmer’s model, pipeline, ARM processor families.

ARM instruction set: Data processing, branch, load-store instructions. Software interrupt instruction, program status register instructions, Manipulating bits and bit patterns, Arithmetic operations.

Input and output, semihosting, serial IO, Input from switches and external events, timing of IO actions.

ARM Hardware, ARM modes, Exceptions, Exception handlers, program structures and testing. Introduction to THUMB instruction set, Thumb register usage, ARM thumb interworking.

Memory hierarchy and cache, memory protection units, protected regions, memory management units. Details of ARM MMU.

Embedded ARM Applications, VLSI Ruby II Advanced communication processor, VLSI ISDN Subscriber processor, Ericsson-Bluetooth baseband controller. ARM7100, SA-1100.

References:

1. Steve Furber “ARM System-on- Chip Architecture”, Second Edition , Pearson Education, 20002. J.R.Gibson “ARM Assembly Language-an Introduction” Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, The University of Liverpool, 2007 3. Andrew N.Sloss, Dominic Symes, Chris Wright, “ARM System Developer’s Guide” Elsevier,2004

ECE 566 NANOELECTRONICS [3-0-0-3]


Course Objectives:


CO1: Discuss the scientific as well as technological aspects of nano-materials. CO2: Describe the properties and characteristics of various nano-materials such metals,

semiconductors and insulators. CO3: Discuss different types of fabrication and analysis of various nano-scale devices and compare

them. CO4: List the applications of nano-materials and nano-electronics in various fields.

Course Descriptions:

Introduction to Nanomaterials: nanoscale and nanotechnology, Consequences of nanoscale for technology. Beyond Moore’s Law. Introduction to Nanostructured materials, Atoms, clusters and nanomaterials, Influence on properties by "nano-structure induced effects", Low-dimensional structures: Quantum wells, Quantum wires, and Quantum dots, Nano clusters & Nano crystals, Electronic and optical properties of nanocrystallites, Metallic and semiconducting superlattices, Synthesis of nanostructured materials, Vibrational properties of nanocrystallites, Magnetic nanostructured materials; Nanoscale magnetism of fine particles of transition metals, alloys and oxides: GMR, TMR, SPT, relaxation process and static and dynamic studies. Single electron devices. Some present and future applications of nanomaterials

Preparation/Synthesis of nanomaterials: Methods for creating nanostructures, Top-down versus bottom-up assembly. Visualisation, manipulation and characterisation at nanoscale, Processes for producing ultrafine powders, Chemical Synthesis, Physical Synthesis, Biomimetic processes & systems, Assemblers.

Nanotechnology:Quantum well and quantum dot lasers, ultra-fast switching devices, nano magnets for sensors and high density data storage, photonic integrated circuits, long wave length detectors, carbon nanotube, lumineascence from porous silicon, spin-tronic devices, nanotechnology for biological system & bio-sensor applications.

Nanoscale Manufacturing: Nanomanipulation, Nanolithography.

Applications in energy, informatics, medicine.

References:

1 . Janos H. Fendler: “Nanoparticles and nanostructured films: preparation, characterization and applications”, Wiley, 19982 . Kenneth J. Klabunde:”Nanoscale materials in chemistry”, John Wiley & Sons, 20013 . Zhon Ling Wang:”Characterization of nanophase materials”, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH 2000

ECE 567 NEURAL NETWORKS & FUZZY LOGIC [3-0-0-3]


Course Objectives:

At the end of this course, student will be able to:CO1: Model a biological neuron with the help of its functionally equivalent electrical counterpart

CO2: Design and implement Boolean logic expressions using primitive neuron models such as

McCulloch Pitt’s model

CO3: Analyse and evaluate the performance of feed forward and feedback neural networks

CO4: Design and implement various supervised and unsupervised learning rules

CO5: Design linear single layer and multi layer nonlinear pattern classifiers using standard algorithms

CO6: Analyze and design Auto associative ,hetero associative and spatio temporal memories

CO7: Apply neural networks for optimization ,cluster discovery and other real world applications using

dynamic and kernel methods

CO8: Draw membership functions for fuzzy variables and perform various operations on fuzzy sets

CO9: Design fuzzy rule based systems.

CO10: Apply neuro fuzzy systems with genetic algorithm optimization for real world problems

Course Description:

Biological neurons, Mc-culloch Pitt’s model, Feed forward and Feed back network, Supervised and unsupervised learning. learning rules [6]Design of Linear classifiers,multi layer feedforward classifiers, error back propagation training,applications

[8]

Discrete time and gradient type Hopfield networks, Applications in optimization problems. Recurrent auto associative and heteroassociative memories [4]Unsupervised learning methods,Hamming net and maxnet, Feature mapping, Kohenen’s self organizing feature maps, cluster discovery network (ART1), Counter propagation networks. kernel methods ,applications

[8]Fuzzy Logic: Different types of fuzzy systems,membership functions, Brief comparison of classical sets and fuzzy sets, Basic operation on fuzzy sets.

[4]Fuzzy relations, Cartesian product, composition of fuzzy relations projection and cylindrical extension, extension principle,linguistic variables, fuzzy IF-THEN rules-fuzzy propositions, different implications. Fuzzy logic and Approximate reasoning

[9]Structure of fuzzy rule base and properties,Fuzzy inference engine,Fuzzifiers, Defuzzifiers [4]Design of Fuzzy rule based systems, Introduction to Neuro fuzzy systems with GA optimization [5]

References:

1. Jacek M Zurada, “Introduction to artificial Neural Systems”, Jaico publication. 20062. Simon Haykin, “Neural Networks and Learning Machines” ,Third edition, PHI edition private

Limited,New Delhi, 20093. Li Xin Wang, “A course in fuzzy logic and control”, Prentice Hall publication, 19974. Timothy J Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications”, Intl. Edition, McGraw Hill

publication, 2008

ECE 511 DEAC LABORATORY-I [0 0 3 2]

Course Objectives:

At the end of this course, the student should be able toCO1: Implement the theoretical concepts using standard simulation tools.

CO2: Implement and verify the results published in International and National journals of respective areas of research.

CO3: Illustrate the theoretical concepts by setting up suitable experiments in the laboratory.

CO4: Assist the researchers by testing , verifying and validating the intermediate results through hardware implementation of the systems in the respective field of research.

ECE-514 SEMINAR

Course Objectives:


CO1: Demonstrate technical presentation and content preparation skills.

CO2: Express ideas clearly both in oral and written form.

CO3: Practice critical-thinking and evaluation skills necessary for academic and career growth / success

CO4: Select and analyze journal papers related to their area of study and summarize the contents.

CO5: Review/discuss the developments in the area of their study

CO6: Use ICT tools for presentations.

CO7: Implement ideas, test, and interpret the results

CO8: Perform and participate in peer evaluation

CO9: Draw and defend conclusions

CO10: Develop self-learning ability and research orientation.

CO11: Develop teamwork and leadership skills.

ECE-699 PROJECT WORK

Course Objectives:


CO1: Select and analyze technical papers related to the chosen area of work and summarize the contents.

CO2: Practice critical-thinking and evaluation skills necessary for academic and career growth / success

CO3: Apply and Synthesize knowledge and concepts from various areas of learning to formulate design solutions to a given problem with the identified constraints.

CO4: Discuss the role of computer-based modeling in engineering design process.

CO5: Select and Use appropriate EDA tools for the given application.

CO6: Implement ideas, test, interpret the results and draw conclusions

CO7: Express ideas clearly both in oral and written form.

CO8: Demonstrate technical presentation and content preparation skills.

CO9: Demonstrate an ability of documentation based on one’s work in a specified format and structure.

CO10: Demonstrate the skills of collaborative as well as independent learning and research orientation.

pg (deac) detailed syllabus 2011

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