ph. d research survey questionnaire on...

APPENDIX

Ph. D RESEARCH SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

On

"A STUDY ON SCHOOL DROP - OUTS: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MAYILADUTHURAI TALUK,

NAGAPATTINAM DISTRICT”

Guide & Supervisor Dr. G. CHANDRAKUMAR, M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., Reader & H.O.D of Economics, A.V.C. College (Autonomous), Mannampandal, Mayiladuthurai.

Research Scholar N. VIJAY, M.A., Ph.D., (F/T) Scholar in Economics, A.V.C. College (Autonomous), Mannampandal, Mayiladuthurai.

To: Date: Dear Sir/Madam This questionnaire / Schedule is prepared to collect primary data in

respect of the topic “"A STUDY ON SCHOOL DROP - OUTS: CAUSES AND

CONSEQUENCES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MAYILADUTHURAI

TALUK, NAGAPATTINAM DISTRICT” towards my Ph.D Programme. This is

designed to analyse the causes and consequences of school Drop-outs. working

of PHCs from beneficiaries point of view. Hence, I request you to kindly

responsed to all the issues asked. Your response well be kept confidential and

will be used only for the purpose of academic research.

I request your earnest and wholehearted co-operation in this endeavour.

Thanking You

Yours Sincerely,

N. VIJAY

237

Note: Give Tick (√) Mark Wherever Needed:

I. SOCIO - ECONOMIC DETAILS OF RESPONDENTS 1. Name of the Respondent : 2. Sex : Male / Female 3. Age : Less than 10 / 10 - 15/ above 15 4. Community : OC / OBC / MBC / SC / ST 5. Religion : Hinduism / Christianity / Islam /Others 6. Level of Education : Up to 5th/Middle/High School/ H.Sc., 7. Number of Family Members : Less than 3 / 3- 5 / Above 5 8. Type of House : Hut / Tiled /Terraced / 9. Average Monthly Income of the : Less than Rs.1,000 / 1,000 - 3,000

Family Above 3,000 10. Do you Possess Assets ? : Yes / No 11. If "Yes" State the type :

(a) Own House (b) Cattle (c) Furniture (d) Jewels (e) Vehicle (f) Others

12. Do you have Liabilities : Yes / No If "Yes", from whom (a) Nationalized Banks (b) Private Banks (c) Money Lenders (d) Friends (e) Relatives (f) Others

13. State the Extent of your : Less than Rs.1,000 / Rs.1,000 –

Liabilities? : 5000 Above / 5,000

14. Place of Living : Village / Town 15. In case of living in Village, how far : Less than 1. km / 1 - 5 km. /

it is away from the town? : More than 5 km

II. DETAILS RELATED TO CAUSES OF BEING A DROP - OUT

A. Reasons From The Point of View of The Respondents

SCHOOL RELATED REASONS

1. Up to which class have you studied? : 1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11/12 2. In which school you studied? : a) Government b) Private - Aided

238

3.

State the facilities available in your School: Yes / No (a) Adequate teaching staff (b) Proper class room (c) Presence of basic amenities including drinking water (d) Mid - Day meals (e) Play ground (f) Play things (g) Good Library (h) Scholarship Facilities (i) Good lab facilities (j) Extra curricular activities (k) Strict discipline (i) Good school environment (m) Easily accessible place of school location

4. Do you satisfied with the facilities available in your School? Yes / No

4. (a) If “yes”, why are you being a drop-out?

(1) Economic And Health Reasons for Being A Drop - Out

(a) Poverty (b) More number of children (c) Ill Health (d) To Supplement family income (e) Any Other

(2) Reasons Related to Society And Family Environment

(a) Drunkard Parents (b) Lack of Motivation to continue schooling (c) Personal Interest to earn Income (d) Disinterested in education (e) Failed number of times in the class last studied (f) Personal Indiscipline (g) Family circumstances (h) Attitude of the society not to encourage female education (i) Parents separated (j) Sickness of parents (k) Immorality of parents (l) Parents not supportive (m) Mass media (n) Any Other

239

4. (b) If "No" why are you being a Drop - Out?

(1) School Related Reasons

(a) Differential treatment by teachers (b) Lack of understanding among students (c) Lack of understanding of subjects taught (d) Misuse of students by teachers (e) Sexual harassment by teaching and non – teaching staff (f) Any other

(2) Transport Reasons:

(a) Lack of money (b) Preference to work and earn by seeing others. (c) Lack of proper road and approach road facilities (d) Lack of transport facilities (e) Lack of frequency of buses (f) Unscheduled stoppages (g) Improper time schedule of buses (h) Congestion in buses (i) Buses not stopped at school - point (j) Ill health due to lack of good and cheap transport. (k) Travelling in buses found difficult since the present day students have

to shoulder heavy load of books, notebooks, and other accessories (l) Very high rates of accidents and breakdowns of buses in School zones. (m) Any other

B. Reasons From The Point of View of Parents, Uttered by Drop-Out Respondents

(1) Parental Attitude

(a) Not having desire to educate wards (children) (b) Parents from affluent families do not care for education of their children (c) Lack of parental awareness in regard to the level of education (d) Economic conditions of the family (e) Discourage education of women children (f) Any Other

(2) School Related Reasons

(a) Unable to get admission in good schools (b) Lack of free hostel facilities (c) Lack of basic facilities in schools (d) Lack of basic facilities in hostels. (e) Inadequate scholarship paid. (f) Unable to get scholarship (g) Absence of free textbooks (h) Given discriminatory treatment by teachers. (i) Misuse of children by teachers (j) Sexual harassment of students especially women students by teachers

240

(k) Indifferent attitude towards children by teachers. (l) Lack of Discipline (m) Collecting too much money from the students (n) Preferential treatment given to chosen sections, either according to

communal caste or religion (o) Teachers going on leave very frequently (p) Discriminatory treatment inside the classroom (q) Extracting too much of other works from the students by teachers (r) Misuse of students for personal reasons during regular working hours. (s) Teacher forcing the students to bring money (t) Any Other

C. Reasons From The Point of View of Family, Uttered by Drop-Out Respondents.

(a) Children pay more interest to earn rather to learn (b) Drunkard parents (c) Separated parents (d) Mentally retarded parents (e) Immoral parents (f) Too much of freedom given to the children (g) Lack of Control exercised by parents (h) Fear among parents to strict with the children (i) Mingling with unwanted children (j) Discrimination among children in terms of complexion and sex. (k) Criminal parents.

(l) Any other.

III. DETAILS RELATED TO THE CONSEQUENCES OF BEING A SCHOOL DROP-OUT

A. General Consequences From The Point of View of Respondents

1.

Do you think that the Consequences of being a School : drop-out are both Positive and Negative in Character :

Yes / No

2. If "Yes", the Positive Consequences are ?

(a)

Totally freed from the existing problem of educated unemployment.

(b) Have the feeling that he/she able to support the family financially.

(c) Successful in life through finding self – employment

(d) Having the sense of satisfaction that he/she is able to contribute to the education of family members and family income

(e) Being drop-out, they do not want others being drop-out.

(f) Any Others

241

3.

If "Yes", the Negative Consequences are ?

(a)

Even if the respondent wishes to continue the education in regular school in the later years, he/she could not do so due to crossing certain age limit

(b) Lack of awareness in day-to-day matters due to lack of education

(c) Stand to lose even good opportunity like promotion, increments, etc.,

(d) Development of inferiority complex

(e) Being a school drop-out, jealous of others getting education and hence acting as retarding factors to the school goers

(f) Turned out to be a drug addict and centre of all vices

(g) Passing on wrong information about school going children to the parents.

(h) Making the school-going children to succumb to bad practices like greed for money, greed for personal rights, etc

(i) Receiving discriminatory treatment from the family.

(j) Not enjoying social status.

(k) Any other.

B. Consequences From The School Point of View, Uttered by

Respondents.


Yes / No

Positive Consequences

1. Being a drop-out helping school authorities to run the school smoothly.

2. Making efforts to bring discipline among students community

3. Making the school-going children to behave in a disciplined way inside the

school.

4. Making the school-going children to preserve and conserve the properties of

the schools

5. Any other

242

Negative Consequences

1. Causing hindrance to the regular functioning of the schools.

2. Disturbing the school functioning when students removed from the school for

gross misbehaviour

3. Causing damages to school property

4. Bring bad name to the schools by involving teaching and non-teaching staff

who are against the schools

5. Causing communal feelings among school going children and setting staff

against the schools.

6. Instigating students to fight for unnecessary rights.

7. Any Other

B. Consequence From The Family Point of View

Do you think that the Consequences of being a Schoo : l drop-out are both Positive and Negative in Character :

Yes / No


1. Providing additional income to the family when the ward is employed.

2. Able to satisfy family requirements.

3. Finds it a duty to educate other children of the family

4. Any other.


1. Spoiling the family name and prestige when becomes an anti-social elements

2. Affecting the normal and peaceful functioning of the family.

3. Threat to the family when steals family income and property.

4. Headache to the family when indulges in beating family members.

5. Headache to neighbours of the family.

6. Family becomes Psychologically upset.

7. Any other.

D. Consequence From The Society's Point of View


Yes / No

243


1. Providing both physical and financial help to the poor students to continue the

studies.

2. Raising voice against employing child-labourers.

3. Taking efforts to rescue child labourers from doing jobs.

4. Raising voice to relieve against bonded labourers.

5. Taking efforts to rescue bonded labourers.

6. Acting as social reformer

7. Any other.


1. Creating communal clashes

2. To get income involving himself / herself and others on the path of vices

3. Indulging in robbery and murder

4. During festival seasons acting as anti-social elements.

5. Member of extremists’ gang.

6. Causing damage to public property

8. Any other.

* * * * *

165

Table IV 2.1.1.8 Transport Reasons For Being Drop-Outs Other Than Available Facilities In Schools

Com

mu

nit

y

Lack

of

mon

ey t

o t

ravel

by B

us

/

Min

ibu

s

Pre

fere

nce

to w

ork

an

d e

arn

by s

eein

g

oth

ers

Lack

of

pro

per

road

an

d a

pp

roach

road

faci

liti

es

Lack

of

tran

sport

faci

liti

es

Lack

of

freq

uen

cy o

f b

use

s

Un

sch

edu

led

sto

pp

ages

Imp

rop

er t

ime

sch

edu

le o

f b

use

s

Con

ges

tion

in

bu

ses

Bu

ses

not

stop

ped

at

sch

ool

- p

oin

t

Ill

hea

lth

du

e to

lack

of

good

an

d c

hea

p

tran

sport

Tra

vel

lin

g i

n b

use

s fo

un

d d

iffi

cult

Ver

y h

igh

ra

tes

of

acc

iden

ts i

n S

chool

zon

es

An

y o

ther

Tota

l

OC 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3

BC 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 7

MBC 1 1 0 4 2 0 2 0 0 2 1 0 0 13

SC 3 4 3 5 6 1 2 2 8 2 1 0 0 37

ST 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6

Total 5 8 5 9 13 1 4 2 10 5 2 2 0 66

Source: Primary Data Computed

163

Table IV 2.1.1.7 Being Drop-Outs Due To School Related Reasons Other Than Available Facilities

Com

mu

nit

y

Differential

treatment by

teachers

Lack of

understanding

among students

Lack of

understanding of

subjects taught

Misuse of

students by

teachers

Sexual

harassment by

teaching and

non-teaching

staff

Any

other

Tota

l

OC 1 1 0 0 1 0 3

BC 2 3 1 0 1 0 7

MBC 1 5 3 2 2 0 13

SC 6 9 12 3 7 0 37

ST 0 4 2 0 0 0 6

Total 10 22 18 5 11 0 66


160

Table IV 2.1.1.6. Reasons For Being Drop-Outs Related To Society And Family Environment

Com

munit

y

Dru

nkar

d P

aren

ts

Lac

k o

f M

oti

vat

ion t

o c

onti

nue

schooli

ng

Per

sonal

Inte

rest

to e

arn i

nco

me

Dis

inte

rest

ed i

n E

duca

tion

Fai

led i

n c

lass

las

t st

udie

d a

num

ber

of

tim

es

Per

sonal

Indis

cipli

ne

Fam

ily C

ircu

mst

ance

s

Not

to e

nco

ura

ge

Fem

ale

Educa

tion

Par

ents

sep

arat

ed

Sic

knes

s of

Par

ents

Imm

ora

lity

of

Par

ents

Par

ents

not

Support

ive

Mas

s M

edia

Any O

ther

Tota

l

OC 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 8

BC 4 3 4 1 2 1 3 4 0 1 1 1 1 0 26

MBC 6 5 4 3 10 12 16 6 2 2 1 0 1 0 68

SC 40 8 10 7 9 10 7 3 2 0 0 1 2 0 99

ST 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6

Total 53 18 18 12 23 23 28 15 5 3 2 2 5 0 207


150

Table IV 2.1.1.7 Being Drop-Outs Due To School Related Reasons Other Than Available Facilities

Com

mu

nit

y

Differential

treatment by

teachers

Lack of

understanding

among students

Lack of

understanding of

subjects taught

Misuse of

students by

teachers

Sexual

harassment by

teaching and

non-teaching

staff

Any

other

Tota

l

OC 1 1 0 0 1 0 3

BC 2 3 1 0 1 0 7

MBC 1 5 3 2 2 0 13

SC 6 9 12 3 7 0 37

ST 0 4 2 0 0 0 6

Total 10 22 18 5 11 0 66


151

Table IV 2.1.1.8 Transport Reasons For Being Drop-Outs Other Than Available Facilities In Schools

Com

mu

nit

y

Lack

of

mon

ey t

o t

ravel

by B

us

/

Min

ibu

s

Pre

fere

nce

to w

ork

an

d e

arn

by s

eein

g

oth

ers

Lack

of

pro

per

road

an

d a

pp

roach

road

faci

liti

es

Lack

of

tran

sport

faci

liti

es

Lack

of

freq

uen

cy o

f b

use

s

Un

sch

edu

led

sto

pp

ages

Imp

rop

er t

ime

sch

edu

le o

f b

use

s

Con

ges

tion

in

bu

ses

Bu

ses

not

stop

ped

at

sch

ool

- p

oin

t

Ill

hea

lth

du

e to

lack

of

good

an

d c

hea

p

tran

sport

Tra

vel

lin

g i

n b

use

s fo

un

d d

iffi

cult

Ver

y h

igh

rate

s of

acc

iden

ts i

n S

chool

zon

es

An

y o

ther

Tota

l

OC 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3

BC 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 7

MBC 1 1 0 4 2 0 2 0 0 2 1 0 0 13

SC 3 4 3 5 6 1 2 2 8 2 1 0 0 37

ST 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6

Total 5 8 5 9 13 1 4 2 10 5 2 2 0 66

152

Table IV 2.11.6. Reasons For Being Drop-Outs Related To Society And Family Environment

Com

munit

y

Dru

nkar

d P

aren

ts

Lac

k o

f M

oti

vat

ion t

o c

onti

nue

schooli

ng

Per

sonal

Inte

rest

to e

arn i

nco

me

Dis

inte

rest

ed i

n E

duca

tion

Fai

led i

n c

lass

las

t st

udie

d a

num

ber

of

tim

es

Per

sonal

Indis

cipli

ne

Fam

ily C

ircu

mst

ance

s

Not

to e

nco

ura

ge

Fem

ale

Educa

tion

Par

ents

sep

arat

ed

Sic

knes

s of

Par

ents

Imm

ora

lity

of

Par

ents

Par

ents

not

Support

ive

Mas

s M

edia

Any O

ther

Tota

l

OC 0 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 8

BC 4 3 4 1 2 1 3 4 0 1 1 1 1 0 26

MBC 6 5 4 3 10 12 16 6 2 2 1 0 1 0 68

SC 40 8 10 7 9 10 7 3 2 0 0 1 2 0 99

ST 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 6

Total 53 18 18 12 23 23 28 15 5 3 2 2 5 0 207


151

Table IV 2.1.1.3. Availability of Facilities in Schools

Com

mu

nit

y

Adequate

Teaching staff

Proper

Class

Rooms

Basic

Amenities

Mid - Day

Meals Play Ground

Play things

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

OC 8 3 7 4 10 1 11 0 5 6 4 7

BC 23 10 22 11 28 5 33 0 12 21 24 9

MBC 65 16 57 24 67 14 81 0 50 31 48 33

SC 96 40 54 82 113 23 136 0 71 65 66 70

ST 9 3 8 4 9 3 12 0 6 6 6 6

Total 201 72 148 125 227 46 273 0 144 129 148 125

Table IV 2.1.1.3 Continued …..

152

Table IV 2.1.1.3 Continued …..

Com

mu

nit

y

Good

Library

Scholarship

Facilities

Good

Laboratory

Facilities

Extra

Curricular

Activities

Strict

Discipline

Good School

Environment

Easily

accessible

school

location

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

OC 8 3 0 11 7 4 10 1 9 2 10 1 8 3

BC 20 13 1 32 25 8 31 2 18 15 15 18 17 16

MBC 44 37 10 71 60 21 80 1 47 34 49 32 58 23

SC 81 55 9 127 84 52 136 0 67 69 95 41 48 88

ST 4 8 1 11 4 8 10 2 7 5 6 6 3 9

Total 157 116 21 252 180 93 267 6 148 125 175 98 134 139


Chart III.1. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN TAMIL NADU

Source: Tamil Nadu An Economics Appraisal, 2002 - 2003

Chart III.2. ORGANIZATION OF SECRETARIAT – SCHOOL EDUCATION

Source : Tamil Nadu An Economics Appraisal, 2002 - 2003

US - Under Secretary

EE - Elementary Education

GE - Government Examination

SE - School Education

Gl - General

Estt - Establishment

LM - Legal Matters

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