Pharma Packaging Through Single Parcel Shipments ASTM D10 Workshop: Optimizing Packaging Performance

Mahesh Khurana & Sam Upadhyaya 11th October 2017

Content:

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•  Project Goals

•  Planning Phase

•  Project Setup

•  Test Setup

•  e-value

•  Shipping Routes

•  Drop Results

•  Orientation Results

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Project Goals: •  Gather data for Roche temperature controlled single parcel

shipments across the global distribution network: 1.  Shocks and drops. 2.  Package orientation during transit.

Planning Phase:

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•  Planning phase included selection of: •  Field data collection instrument •  Representative shipping lanes •  Test samples •  Performing pilot shipments •  Review published literature

•  Supply chain information included – dispatch volumes and sales volumes, size and weight ranges for single parcel shipments

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Test setup •  We used Lansmont SAVER devices to monitor the shock (3X90 and

3M30+) and the orientation of package (3D15). •  Two representative packaging configurations representing high and

low end of commercial shipments’ weight & dimensions were made. •  Small Package: 14 x 10 x 10 in @ 11 lb (5kg) •  Large Package: 24 x 24 x 20 in @ 40 lb (18kg)

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Small

Large

e-value calculation

•  The coefficient of restitution (e) is the ratio of final velocity to initial velocity after an object undergoes a collision. Therefore it is possible to calculate the drop height of the package if e is known.

•  EDH is effective drop height, g is acceleration due to gravity, ΔVR is change in velocity.

•  We performed in-lab drop tests at 6 known heights, across multiple orientations with 3 repetitions each in order to reverse calculate e for our package configuration.

•  RESULTS: The e value for both package is calculated to be 0.6.

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Shipping Routes

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•  Shipping routes were selected in six countries within North America (N A), Europe (EU), Latin America (LATAM) and Asia.

•  Six round-trips shipments were done in each country.

•  Sending sites were Roche distribution center.

•  Receiving sites were selected based: •  high dispatch volume, •  mode of transport (air, truck, ferry), •  geographical location within country

•  Shipments were done using the same method as for commercial Roche shipments – Courier service (like Fedex, DHL), dedicated truck etc.

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Drop data results (drops >7in only)

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Drop Data

Average number of drops for one-way trip globally

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Max. drop height, in 54.6 48.2 Drop height at 99% occurrence 40.7 36.0 Drop height at 95% occurrence 24.3 28.5 Mean drop height, in 12.3 14.0

Large Package

Small Package

Drop data for Large and Small package

Max 54.6

Mean 14.3

Mean 12.3

95% Occurrence 24.3

95% Occurrence 28.5 Max

48.2 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53

Num

ber o

f Dro

ps

Drop Heights, inch

Avg. No. of drops per one-way trip

Small

Large

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Top 5 drop heights

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Drop Data Small Package

Large Package

Highest drop, in 54.6 Asia 48.2 Asia

2nd highest drop, in 48.0 Asia 39.6 EU

3rd highest drop, in 42.4 Asia 33.7 N A

4th highest drop, in 40.8 Asia 31.9 NA

5th highest drop, in 40.7 Asia 31.3 Asia

Drop Impact orientation results (drops >7in only)

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Impact Orientation

Face - Top 2 1

Face - Bottom 11 14

Face - Sides 5 2

Edge - Top 9 9

Edge - Bottom 23 31

Edge - Side 9 11

Corner - Top 15 12

Corner - Bottom 26 20

Large Package

Small Package

Conclusions from drop data

•  Majority of drops were bottom oriented for both packages (60% for small and 65% for large).

•  Average number of drops per one-way trip were 6 for small package and 3 for large package

–  (ASTM D7386 has 18 drops and D4169 has 12 drops).

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•  SAVER 3D15 was mounted on the Large package to record the orientation of package during the transit.

•  SAVER 3D15 include MEMS technology accelerometers with DC response measurement capability.

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Set-up: Orientation data for Large package

3D15

3X90 3M30+

Orientation data for Large package

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ASIA LATAM N A EU Average Average one-way trip duration (hours) 71 141 85 60 89

41

96

71

97

50

1

27

3 8 1 1 0

0

20

40

60

80

100

ASIA LATAM NA EU

% T

ime

on O

rient

atio

n

Top Side Bottom

Orientation detail: North America

This graph shows the orientation as factor of time for North America. This graph displays the number of time the orientation changed and duration spent on certain orientation. Each color represents one round trip shipment.

Bottom

Side

Top

Conclusions from orientation data

•  Orientation information is important to evaluate the performance of passive temperature controlled packages.

–  Examples:

•  Thermal packages may experience temperature excursions when orientation is changed.

•  Understand time to failure in different orientation and compare to normal shipping orientation (bottom).

•  2-8°C is maintained only for 24 hours when package is oriented on side vs. 56 hours when oriented on bottom.

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