Pharmacology

By: Kunwal Nasrullah and Badrul Islam

Dr. Mark G. Klang

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Harlem Children’s Center

What is Pharmacology?

What is Pharmacology?

Pharmacology is the study of how chemical substances interact with living systems.

This field includes:Drug composition, interactions, toxicology, and therapy

Pharmacology (Contd.)Pharmacology (Contd.)

Pharmacologists study four aspects of drugs:

Absorption-How is the medicine absorbed? Distribution- How is the medicine spread throughout the body?Metabolism-Is the medicine converted into other chemicals in the body?Excretion-How is the medicine eliminated from the body?

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

Absorption (Pharmaceutical Phase)-Through the skin, intestinal tract, intravenously, mouth, or inhalation (nasal mucosa)

Organ systems involved:

Circulatory

Respiratory

Excretory

Digestive

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

(Contd.)

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

(Contd.)Distribution

Dependent upon tissue permeability, blood flow, perfusion rate of the tissue, drug binding of plasma proteins and tissues.

Basic Principles (Contd.)

Basic Principles (Contd.)

Metabolism Chemical conversion of medication

inside the body into substances. Things that pharmacologists consider:

The activity of by-products. (Toxicity)

Almost all drugs are xenobiotics.

Basic Principles (Contd.)

Basic Principles (Contd.)

ExcretionElimination of medicine (through urine, bile, breath, skin).

Pharmacological Devices

Pharmacological Devices

HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography)

pH meter

UV Spectrofometer

Refractometer

Future ResearchFuture Research

Examination of drugs in health foods (protein shakes, vitamins, etc.).

Testing compatibility and stability of generic drugs aimed at treating cancer and its side affects with Dr. Klang.

ReferencesReferences

http://xnet.rrc.mb.ca/davidb/pharmacology.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology http://www.thebody.com/tpan/winter05/images/

abcs_figure1.jpghttp://www.thebody.com/tpan/winter05/images/abcs_figure1.jpg

http://web.vet.cornell.edu/public/pharmacokinetics/excretion/enterohepatic.gif

AcknowledgmentsAcknowledgments

Dr. Mark G. Klang Harlem Children Society and Dr.

Sat Bhattcharya Sloan Kettering Cancer Center