GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY

Part 2 Topics

Drugs used to affect the Nervous System Respiratory System Cardiovascular System

Electrolytes Drugs used to treat MI Drugs used in Allergic Reations Drugs used to affect the Endocrine System Miscelaneous Drugs

Drugs Used to Affect the Nervous

System

Distribution of Sympathetic

Post-Ganglionic Fibers

Adrenergic Receptors

Autonomic Nervous System Medications

Drugs Affecting the Sympathetic System: Adrenergic Receptors Adrenergic Agonists Adrenergic Antagonists Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Epinephrine

Dopamine

Dobutamine

Autonomic Nervous System Medications

Drugs Affecting the Parasympathetic System: Cholinergics Anticholinergics Ganglionic Blocking Agents Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Ganglionic Stimulating Agents

SLUDGE

Salivation Lacrimation Urination Defecation Gastric Mobility Emisis

Atropine

Drugs Used to Affect the

Respiratory System

Antiasthmatic Medications

Albuterol

Drugs Used to Affect the

Cardiovascular System

Classifications of Cardiovascular Drugs (1 of

2)

Antidysrhythmics: Used to treat and prevent abnormal

cardiac rhythms.

Antihypertensives: Drugs used to treat hypertension.

Classifications of Cardiovascular Drugs (2 of

2)

Hemostatic Agents: Drugs used to stop bleeding.

Antihyperlipidemic Agents: Drugs used to treat high cholesterol.

Antidysrhythmics

Adenosine

Amiodarone

Bretylium

Lidocaine

Verapamil

Procainamide

Antihypertensives

Diuretics Adrenergic inhibiting agents Angiotensin converting enzyme

inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor antagonists Calcium channel blockers Direct vasodilators

Hemostatic Agents

Antiplatelets: Drugs that decrease the formation of

platelet plugs.

Anticoagulants: Drugs that disrupt the clotting cascade.

Thrombolytics: Drugs that act directly on thrombi to break

them down.

Antihyperlipidemics

Drugs used to treat high blood

cholesterol. Examples:

Lovastatin (mevacor). Simvastatin (zocor).

Electrolytes

Magnesium Sulfate

Calcium Chloride

Drugs used to Treat Myocardial

Infarction

MONA

Morphine Oxygen Nitroglycerin Aspirin

Aspirin

Nitroglycerin

Morphine Sulfate

Naloxone

Furosemide

Drugs used in Allergic Reactions

Diphenhydramine

Methylprednisolone

Dexamethasone

Drugs Used to Affect the

Endocrine System

Drugs Affecting the Pancreas

Diabetes mellitus is the most important disease involving the pancreas.

Insulin—a substance that decreasesblood glucose level.

Glucagon—a substance that increasesblood glucose level.

Oral Hypoglycemics

Orinase (chlorpropamide) Glucotrol (glipizide) Micronase (glyburide)

Hyperglycemic Agents

D50W is a sugar solution givenintravenously for acute hypoglycemia.

Glucagon is indicated for emergency treatment when an IV is unobtainable.

D50W

Glucagon

Drugs Used to Affect the Diet

Many disease processes affect the production, distribution, and

utilization of essential dietary nutrients.

Thiamine

Miscellaneous Drugs

Sodium Bicarbonate

Diazepam