Phonetic Stylistic Devices and Expressive Means

Onomatopoeia

• Combination of speech sounds trying to imitate sounds produced by animals, things, natural phenomena, etc.. English is a very onomatopoeic language; some English onomatopoeic words are: ring, clash, boom, click, tick, swash, splash.

Words related to water

• bloop• splash• spray• sprinkle

• squirt• drip• drizzle

Words Related to the Voice

• giggle• growl• grunt• gurgle

• Back of the mouth

• mumble• murmur• bawl• belch• chatter• blurt• Front of the mouth

Words Related to Collisions• bam• Bang• Boom• Broom• Blast• BustCollisions- explosion

• clang

• clank• clap• clatter• click• ClinkMetal+glass

• ding• Jingle

Resonance

• screech• slap

• thud• Thump

Hitting earth or wood

Words Related to Air

• flutter• fisst• fwoosh• Gasp

• swish• swoosh• Whiff• Swing• swoop

• whoosh• whizz• whip• whisper

Animal Sounds

• arf• baa• bark• bray• buzz• cheep• chirp• chortle

• cluck• cock-a-

doodle-doo• cuckoo• hiss• meow• moo• neigh

• oink• purr• quack• ribbit• tweet• warble

Onomatopoeia in time.• Many onomatopoeic words have come to mean other things

related to the sounds they make.

• 'Slap,' for instance, not only means the sound that is made by skin hitting skin, but also the action of hitting someone (usually on the face) with an open hand.

• 'Rustle' is the sound of papers brushing together, but it also indicates the action of someone moving papers around and causing them to brush together, thus making this noise. And of course, 'twitter' is now much more than just the sound birds make.

source: http://examples.yourdictionary.com/5-examples-of-onomatopoeia.html

More examples in context

Chug, chug, chug. Puff, puff, puff. Ding-dong, ding-dong. The little train rumbled over the tracks.“("Watty Piper" [Arnold Munk], The Little Engine That Could)

"Plop, plop, fizz, fizz, oh what a relief it is.“ (slogan of Alka Seltzer, U.S.)

Onomatopoeic poemby Lee Emmet

water plops into pondsplish-splash downhillwarbling magpies in treetrilling, melodic thrill whoosh, passing breezeflags flutter and flapfrog croaks, bird whistlesbabbling bubbles from tap

."Onomatopoeia every time I see yaMy senses tell me hubbaAnd I just can't disagree.I get a feeling in my heart that I can't describe. .

It's sort of whack, whir, wheeze, whineSputter, splat, squirt, scrapeClink, clank, clunk, clatterCrash, bang, beep, buzzRing, rip, roar, retchTwang, toot, tinkle, thudPop, plop, plunk, powSnort, snuck, sniff, smackScreech, splash, squish, squeakJingle, rattle, squeal, boingHonk, hoot, hack, belch."(Todd Rundgren, "Onomatopoeia")

An onomatoipeic poem

ALLITERATION

Alliteration occurs when a series of words in a row (or close to a row) have the same first (and some internal) consonant sound.

• For example, “She sells sea-shells down by the sea-shore” or “Peter Piper Picked a Peck of Pickled Peppers” are both alliterative phrases. In the former, all the words start with the “s” sound, while in the later, the letter “p” takes precedence. Aside from tongue twisters, alliteration is also used in poems, song lyrics, and even store or brand names.

• Note: The best way to spot alliteration being used in a sentence is to sound out the sentence, looking for the words

with the identical consonant sounds.

Alliteration and Onomatopoeia

• Alliteration and indirect onomatopoeia may sometimes coincide as in the following example:

• The rough rapid raging Rolls Royce roared like a jungle King among the Racing roadsters

Onomatopoeic word

Alliteration and Indirect onomatopoeia (because the repeated “r” sounds suggest the sound of the vehicle on march)

SOME EXAMPLES

1. Eric’s eagle eats eggs, enjoying each episode of eating.2. Fred’s friends fried Fritos for Friday’s food.3. Garry’s giraffe gobbled gooseberryies greedily, getting good

at grabbing goodies.4. Hannah’s home has heat hopefully.5. Isaacs ice cream is interesting and Isaac is imbibing it.6. Jesse’s jaguar is jumping and jiggling jauntily.7. Kim’s kid’s kept kiting.8. Larry’s lizard likes leaping leopards.9. Mike’s microphone made much music.10. Nick’s nephew needed new notebooks now not never.

Rhyme

Rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds in two or more words, most often at the end of lines in poems and songs.[1]

The word "rhyme" may also be used as a pars pro toto to refer to a short poem, such as a rhyming couplet or other brief rhyming poem such as nursery rhymes.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyme)

TYPES OF RHYME

Rhyme by Sound Identity• Perfect/full rhyme : final accented vowel and all succeeding

consonants or syllables are identical, while the preceding consonants are different, for example, great, late; ríder, besíde her; dútiful, unbeáutiful.

• half rhyme (or slant rhyme): matching final consonants. (bent, ant)

• Eye or Visual rhymes or sight rhymes or spelling rhymes refer to similarity in spelling but not in sound where the final sounds are spelled identically but pronounced differently.[5] Examples in English are cough, bough, though, through, and love, move. Now, “rough” rhymes perfectly with “cough”.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyme#Perfect_rhymes )

Rhymes by Syllabic Stress

• masculine: a rhyme in which the stress is on the final syllable of the words (rhyme, sublime)

• feminine: a rhyme in which the stress is on the penultimate (second from last) syllable of the words (pícky, trícky)

• dactylic: a rhyme in which the stress is on the antepenultimate (third from last) syllable (ca•co•pho•nies, A•ris•to•pha•nes)

Rhymes by their Position.

• I went to town to buy a gown. / I took the car and it wasn’t far.

• Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary - Edgar Allen Poe (The Raven).

• I had a cat who wore a hat. / He looked cool but felt the fool.• I lost my dog in the midst of fog. / He found his way home, he

doesn't like to roam.

From a rap:• I ain’t no joke, I use to let the mic smoke

Now I slam it when I’m done and make sure it’s broke• Put my tape on pause and add some more to yours

Then you figure you’re ready for the neighborhood chores

Rhythm• Rhythm is the distribution of accented or stressed syllable in

a regular or frequent pattern. Or the regular combination of stressed and unstressed syllables in an utterance or text. A regular pattern or organization is called a foot or metric foot.

• The are called: Trochaic: topsy (accented/unaccented)Iambic: destroy (unaccented/accented)Dactylic: merrily (accented/unaccented/unaccented)Anapestic: intervene (unaccented/unaccented/accented)Spondaic: hum drum (accented/accented) or Pyrrhic: the sea/ son of/ mists (the "son of" in the middle being unaccented/unaccented)

Rhythm: poetic feet

• As it may result, difficult to remember, I figured out a practical way to memorized them. Think of them in term of an acronym:

T.I.D.A.S.

• A verse or line is named after the repeated combination of unstressed and stressed syllables like for instance:

When I or You or Anyone comes outAnd gives a step Ahead and speaksOut loud and straight our worst complaintsHe is not only open and true but also courageous and proudly sincere.

• Notice that the red parts represent the stressed syllables, so the pattern is unstressed-stressed for the first three lines and the beginning of the fourth (but al). So, in the first three lines the pattern or combination is repeated fives times in line 1 and four times in lines 2,3 and 4. therefore, the first line is named Iambic (unstressed-stressed combination) pentameter (the combination or foot –meter– is repeated five –penta– times). Lines 2,3, and 4 are called Iambic Tetrameter (tetra=four; meter=foot or measure)

• The last line (line number 5) has an Iambic foot (but al) and 3 anapestic ones (so cou rá/geous and proud/ly sincere).

Lines are named then as follows:One foot: MonometerTwo feet: DimeterThree feet: TrimeterFour feet: TetrameterFive feet: PentameterSix feet: HexameterSeven feet: HeptameterEight feet: Octameter

See more examples here