1. 1. Jade Kuzak Chandler Whitted Brynna Samuels PHOTOREALISM **Ahead of time, we apologize for the background noise** ** Music: Artist - Philip Glass Title of Song - Movement I - A Musical Portrait of Chuck Close from Portraits
2. 2. Photorealism is an art movement that involves replicating the original photo image into a painting or a sculpture
3. 3. . . . because it challenged peoples art paradigms and it also focused on American consumerism
4. 4. Photorealist shared with minimalist a prediction to see art making as a decision making process Clearly deriving from Pop Art, but without satirical commentary Photorealism originated in the United States in the 1960s
5. 5. Photorealism is also connected to Modernism, the other way around. The critics were attacking it because it was a betrayal to the modernist principles due to its straight forward representation. In the late 1960s, several young artists in the United States began capturing everyday motifs from their immediate surroundings, expressing the American way of life in large formatting For the first time in the 1970s, photorealism was shown in the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York
6. 6. The recent rediscovery of the style trompe loeil, specifically still life paintings by Peto, Harnett, and Haberle, in the late nineteenth century as well as the photography craze helped stimulate the emergence of photorealism as a major style in the 70s trompe loeil deceive the eye; an art technique that uses realistic imagery to create the optical illusion that the depicted objects exist in three dimensions
7. 7. Most of the photorealist were either born in or came from New York or from California THE PHOTOREALIST WERE NOT A COHESIVE GROUP, nor did they consider themselves part of a movement It was not the artists intention to compete with the precision of a camera lens but rather them being interested in the complicated relationship between the reproduction and the reproduced
8. 8. Photorealist want almost all of the decisions to be made before they begin to paint to allow them to concentrate on the technical problems of painting
9. 9. Style involves consideration of both technique and content Subjects have tended . . . to be drawn from images of popular culture or an obsessive personal mythology
10. 10. Photorealism had the same affectlessness as minimalism To some critics, they say the context is wrong, the scale is off, and the visual language is often blatantly photographic To be a photorealist painter, the work should adhere strictly to the information found in the photo
11. 11. The subject should be found rather than arranged The artist should not go out of their way to be pictorial
12. 12. Change and movement must be frozen to one second of time, which must be totally and accurately represented
13. 13. Louis Meisel defined the characteristics that qualify an artist as a full-fledged contributor to the photorealist movement: The photorealist uses the camera/photographs to gather information The photorealist uses a mechanical/semi-mechanical way to transfer the information/picture to the canvas The photorealist must have the technical ability to make the finished work appear photographic The artist must have been a photorealist by 1972 to be considered one of the central photorealist The artist must have devoted at least 5 years to the development and exhibition of photorealist work
14. 14. Louis Meisel defined the characteristics that qualify an artist as a full-fledge contributor to the photorealist movement: The photorealist uses the camera/photographs to gather information The photorealist uses a mechanical/semi-mechanical way to transfer the information/picture to the canvas The photorealist must have the technical ability to make the finished work appear photographic The artist must have been a photorealist by 1972 to be considered one of the central photorealist The artist must have devoted at least 5 years to the development and exhibition of photorealist work
15. 15. Louis Meisel defined the characteristics that qualify an artist as a full-fledge contributor to the photorealist movement: The photorealist uses the camera/photographs to gather information The photorealist uses a mechanical/semi-mechanical way to transfer the information/picture to the canvas The photorealist must have the technical ability to make the finished work appear photographic The artist must have been a photorealist by 1972 to be considered one of the central photorealist The artist must have devoted at least 5 years to the development and exhibition of photorealist work
16. 16. Traditional bristle brush There are mainly two tools used by photorealist to paint on canvases: Airbrush An airbrush is a very refined and controllable spray gun
17. 17. From the critics eyes, they were full of imagination, and according to them, photorealism was not art, but masterful copying Photorealist have grown from and added to this legacy of freedom in several important ways most notable being in the use of the photograph The artist avoided conscious expressiveness The work of photorealist was noteworthy for its highly polished, seamless illusionism, commonplace, and even banal subject matter
18. 18. Photorealists ability to address the century- old issue of painting and photography influenced generations of artists The photorealists were looking for a method of reapproaching realist painting in a contemporary fashion/way A photo offered a method of capturing a subject that is fixed in a moment of time HOWEVER, the use of a photo inevitably altered the way the subject was painted
19. 19. DON EDDY
20. 20. Don Eddy is better known as a spiritual realist Typical for Eddy to find the abstraction in representation He distorts and messes with all-American appearances Eddy does aesthetic violence to appearances, making them more exciting and seductive than they ordinarily were Eddy represents external physical reality in a straightforward, descriptive way
21. 21. Eddy creates higher meaning where there is none Eddys space is the solid object as well as the space that is the void around it He has dematerialized and de-realized this slice of everyday reality by making it abstract
22. 22. Uses cheap toys/stuff because: This is what he grew up with Buying upscale would be a betrayal of his core self as well class identity Suggest the objects in his painting are more important than the art itself His father owned a garage, where teenage Eddy performed custom paint jobs on cars with the airbrush This is how he became aware of the surfaces of the automobile and why airbrush is his natural tool
23. 23. His paintings include precision in which he creates his surfaces When you think or see an Eddy painting, think of a Chinese take-out box
24. 24. BUMPER SECTION XIII (1970)
25. 25. PRIVATE PARKING I (1971) PRIVATE PARKING IV (1971) PRIVATE PARKING X (1971) WRECKING YARD II (1971)
26. 26. CHUCK CLOSE
27. 27. Diagnosed with prosopagnosia (face blindness) and cannot recognize faces His reason for painting portraits Chuck liked to take his time creating his paintings, which would lead to abstract color applications He is so good, a full page reproduction in an art book of The Big Self Portrait still cannot be distinguished from a photograph Described himself as an artist looking for trouble over his of 30 years as a photorealist
28. 28. Placed artificial restrictions upon himself before his paralysis Adopted materials and techniques not friendly to photorealist for achieving the photorealist effect He abandoned his paintbrush and used (mainly) random objects: airbrush, razor blades, a piece of rubber mounted on a power drill Wanted to push his practice in new directions and force artistic breakthroughs
29. 29. December 7th, 1988, Close experienced a seizure that left him paralyzed from the neck down Chose to call that day the event After 8 months, he strengthened enough muscles to allow him to paint with a brush taped to his wrist After the event, he continued to create large-scale portraits using the grid system From afar, these paintings still give the impression of a painting, just in a more pixelated way From up close, each square is an individual pool of color and shapes contrasting with the background
30. 30. Closes dependence on the grid-system is as a metaphor for his analytical processes, which suggest the whole is rarely more or less than the sum of its parts
31. 31. BIG NUDE (1967)
32. 32. THE BIG SELF-PORTRAIT (1967-1968)
33. 33. SELF-PORTRAIT (1997)
34. 34. RICHARD ESTES
35. 35. Paid close detail to reflective surfaces Paints highly reflective surfaces Proposed that painting was just the technique/finishing of the art piece In later years (2009), Estes switched from city landscapes to more natural landscapes
36. 36. CANADIAN CLUB (1974)
37. 37. CANADIAN CLUB (1974)
38. 38. BEAVER DAM POND (2009)
39. 39. BEAVER DAM POND (2009)
40. 40. DUANE HANSON
41. 41. One of a couple photorealist sculptors Liked to play around with the idea of the middle class Instead of using photographs, his inspiration was actual people Played around with the perception of everyday people and objects Makes a statement about human values
42. 42. One of a couple photorealist sculptors Liked to play around with the idea of the middle class Instead of using photographs, his inspiration was actual people Played around with the perception of everyday people and objects Makes a statement about human values
43. 43. QUEENIE II (1988)
44. 44. QUEENIE II (1988)
45. 45. TOURIST II (1988)
46. 46. SUPERMARKET SHOPPER (1970)
47. 47. INFLUENCES ON TODAY Photorealism can look back on almost 50 years of history, yet the fascination it holds for the viewer is still unbroken. It has consistently intensified over three generations as the degree of sharpness in the resolution of these works has also grown.
48. 48. INFLUENCES ON TODAY Todays photorealists, such as Roberto Berhardi, Clive Head, Ben Johnson, Peter Maler, Yigal Ozeri, and Robert Neffson, are using highly modern digital technology to take realist painting into a new dimension; their paintings naturalistic details are so deceptive to the eye that more than ever, the viewer doubts the reality of the art.
49. 49. INFLUENCES ON TODAY But, works by the photorealists are becoming exceedingly rare. Their invaluable contribution to preserving the entire concept of craftsmanship, discipline, and realism in art must be documented and preserved for a time in the future when it will be openly respected once again.
50. 50. Painting Sculpture Drawings PHOTOREALISM
51. 51. Painting
52. 52. Painting
53. 53. Painting
54. 54. Painting
55. 55. Painting
56. 56. Painting
57. 57. Painting
58. 58. Painting
59. 59. Sculpture
60. 60. Sculpture
61. 61. Drawing
62. 62. Drawing
63. 63. Jade Kuzak Chandler Whitted Brynna Samuels PHOTOREALISM THE END
64. 64. Bumper Section: http://www.doneddyart.com/1967-72/ Private Parking I: http://www.doneddyart.com/1967-72/ Private Parking IV: http://www.meiselgallery.com/LKMG/artist/works/detail.php?wid=374&aid=13 Private Parking X: http://www.doneddyart.com/1967-72/ Wrecking Yard II: http://www.doneddyart.com/1967-72/ Big Nude: http://www.pacegallery.com/artists/80/chuck-close Self-Portrait: http://www.pacegallery.com/artists/80/chuck-close The Big Self-Portrait: http://www.walkerart.org/collections/artworks/big-self-portrait Canadian Club: http://www.all-art.org/art_20th_century/Estes1.html Beaver Dam Pond: http://americanart.si.edu/exhibitions/online/estes/art/14.cfm Queenie II: http://www.saatchigallery.com/artists/artpages/duane_hanson_queenie_2.htm Supermarket Shopper: http://artspla.over-blog.com/article-la-societe-de-consommation-duane- hanson-71022025.html Tourist II: http://www.saatchigallery.com/artists/artpages/duane_hanson_tourists_2.htm Music: Artist - Philip Glass Album - Glass: A Portrait of Philip in Twelve Parts Title of Song - Movement I - A Musical Portrait of Chuck Close from Portraits
65. 65. Additional Resources: http://www.glennraytutor.com/gallery.php http://bestcarspecs.info/tag/united-states-outline http://arthistoryresources.net/modernism/roots.html http://www.nga.gov/feature/wilmerding/jwcat24.htm http://www.presentermedia.com/ http://pixshark.com/clip-art-man-thinking.htm http://novakart.com/exhibitions-2/photorealism-the-everyday-illuminated/automobiles- motorcycles/ http://photorealism.com/artists/mark-schiff/ http://www.a-sense-of-place.com/2012/07/artsmart-roundtable-chuck-close-and- photorealism.html/olympus-digital-camera-22 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ralph_Goings.jpg http://vincentzambranofilms.com/wrdprs/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/DSC021601.jpg http://www.easyreadsystem.com/news/famous-dyslexics-chuck-close/ http://www.dickblick.com/brushes/bristle/ http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/PaascheAirbrush.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Polaroid_600_sunflower.jpg http://store.airbrushaction.com/pages/Don-Eddy.html
66. 66. Additional Resources (continued): https://www.google.com/search?q=don+eddy+toys&espv=2&biw=1242&bih=585&source =lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=BpYwVYHFD4zdsATx2YHAAQ&ved=0CAYQ_A UoAQ#imgrc=kGIABUJ9XXuOYM%253A%3BisTlKaJeQBqMqM%3Bhttp%253A% 252F%252Ffc09.deviantart.net%252Ffs71%252Fi%252F2013%252F187%252F7%252 Fb%252Fupdate_of_my_ed__edd_n_eddy_collection__by_edness_madness- d6c9g6z.png%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fedness- madness.deviantart.com%252Fart%252FUpdate-of-my-Ed-Edd-n-Eddy-collection- 383393339%253Foffset%253D20%2523comments%3B1024%3B573 http://www.ebay.com/itm/20-Pagoda-Pint-Chinese-Take-Out-Box-16-oz-Food-Pail-Party- Favor-Wedding-Candy-/261300496766#ht_1179wt_1238 http://www.pacegallery.com/artists/80/chuck-close http://cape.k12.mo.us/cjhs/finearts/wilson/closeportraits.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Estes http://www.voelklinger-huette.org/en/world-cultural-heritage-site-voelklingen-ironworks/artist- projects/duane-hanson/ http://www.ignant.de/2012/11/21/best-of-photorealism/ https://callumnakajima.wordpress.com/2013/10/16/impressionism-and-photorealism/ http://pixgood.com/photorealism-art-movement.html http://www.mymodernmet.com/profiles/blogs/hyperrealistic-sculptures-by?context=tag-man https://www.tumblr.com/search/photorealistic%20pencil%20drawing