xpress

Teens - xpress yourpower!

Photos that Push the

Button

Power Goes Global

How Dangerous Is Power?

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Power

This Issue

WHAT’S INSIDE

IssUe

arTICLes

2 sInk oR sWIm (Feature)

8 The dangeRoUs PoWeR of PoWeR (Analysis)

12 noT heRe To make fRIends (Commentary)

16 memoRIes of sTRengTh: (Opinion) Supporting Creative Self-Expression in Teens Builds Stronger Adults

ProFILes

20 PeoPLe PoWeR

worLD IssUes

10 TakIng PoWeR gLoBaL

PHoTo GaLLerY

14 PoWeR In aCTIon

memoRIes of sTRengTh

NOT HERE TO MAKE FRIENDS

16

12

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1

Spiderman’s uncle said it best: “With great power comes great responsibility.” I may not be a boy genius with radioactive spider blood (disappointing, I know), but I like to think that I know a thing or two about power. Why? Well, I am, after all, the Editor-in-Chief here at xpress magazine and that position has its own (admittedly less awesome and radioactive) power that comes with it.

Take that title, “Editor-in-Chief,” for example. Even on its own it has a ring of power to it, as if I were not only an editor but a chieftain!, as if I ruled over a clan of warriors rather than an offi ce of unpaid interns. And, while interns may not be as glamorous, the fact remains: I do rule. I’m the one who decides what goes into xpress. I’m the one, ultimately, who assigns the articles, commissions stories, selects artwork, and it is I who has the power to hire, fi re, and otherwise ruin people’s days. It may not be a clan of warriors, but it is still a lot of power.

Does it ever go to my head? Have I, for example, considered ordering my underlings to dance for my amusement? Have I fantasized about having them call me “your omnipotent majesty” just for one day, just to see how it feels? I won’t lie to you. Yes. Yes, I have. But somehow, at the end of the day I remain a kindly editor-chieftain, a responsible ruler. Somehow editing a magazine hasn’t yet driven me mad with power. Yet. And maybe the reason is Spiderman’s uncle. Maybe it’s that I know, deep down, that being powerful is a lot of work.

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Power TrIPs

7 PReTTY fasT

18 PoWeR ComedY CoUPLe

PoeMs

3 The LaUnChIng

3 TRee In a sTReeT

9 ThUmBPRInT

17 eaRTh

PersonaL narraTIVe

4 mY sToRY

LIFe

6 XPRess YoUR PoWeR

XPRESSYoUR

POWER

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PoWeR IN

aCTIon

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2

While shooting a movie about the extinction of sharks, filmmaker Rob

Stewart made a lot of shocking discoveries. The most shocking however, was that humans have it just as bad.

While travelling around to promote and discuss his first documentary, Sharkwater (which won 31 international awards), Rob quickly discovered his film only touched on one part of a global crisis. “When I was running around producing Sharkwater, I got to go to some of the biggest environmental

conferences in the world and meet some of the best activists and scientists,” says Rob. “They said, ‘What you’re doing with sharks is cool, but you’re missing the point. We’re going to lose everything.’”

This realization shifted his focus to making his second movie, Revolution, which comes out in April of 2013. Revolution looks at the current environmental crisis and asks: how did this happen? And what will it take to change the course that humanity has set itself on?

Rob was born in Toronto

Feature

Rob StewaRt made Saving ShaRkS hiS full-time job, but then moved onto humanS

By Ryan Leclaire for studymagazine.com

and started taking underwater photographs when he was 13. By his 20s, he was one of the world’s top photojournalists and his camera was in high demand from organizations like the Canadian Wildlife Federation, BBC Wildlife and Discovery Channel.

At the age of 22, Rob left his photography career behind to shoot a movie in order to expose the environmental injustices surrounding the declining shark population—a movie that he says he wasn’t qualified to make. “My girlfriend at the time bought me two books on how to make movies. And I read those on the plane on the way there. I had [the movies] Snatch and Amélie on my laptop computer. I watched those every time I got into trouble because they were some of my favourite movies at the time,” says Rob, “That was my entire film education.”

Having to learn everything on his own, Rob says, keeps things interesting. “I’ve never had a typical work day,” he says. “Some days I’ll get to spend all day underwater filming. Some days I will spend all day talking to press. Some days I’m on an airplane all day. Some days I’m doing movie premieres and I’m at parties.”

But the problem of how to save the human race is a huge one to undertake, even if it is your full-time job. Rob says the first step is getting information to the right people: everyone.

“The most important thing is education. Educate everyone you know. When everyone you know knows everything in this movie, then you can take it to the next stage,” says Rob.

You may not like the second step: we all need to stop buying stuff. Rob feels that our culture of consumerism has to stop. “We don’t need to build anything else. We’ve got enough buildings for

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everybody. We’ve got enough televisions, we’ve got enough phones. We need to stop making stuff. We need to end our population growth. We do not need nine billion people on a planet that can’t feed seven billion,” says Rob, referencing experts who say our population will grow by two billion people in a mere 30 years.

Oddly enough, Rob isn’t an activist who wants to overthrow our government, and he doesn’t blame them for the current environmental mess. Instead, Rob says we need to do a better job of telling the government that the environment matters to us. “Governments work. The governments are our servants. They’re employees of the people,” he says. “We think that we’re being ruled by these people and that they’re emperors or dictators. But they’re not. They’re there to do our work. We just need to tell them what to do.”

On a local level, Rob believes everyone can make a difference—particularly the young people. “The people that are changing the world the most right now, in a positive direction, are kids,” says Rob. “There’s no reason they can’t do what I did or something bigger or better. They just haven’t tried yet.”

Leclair, Ryan. “Sink or Swim.” Faze 2013 Issue #50: 42. Print.

The LaunchingBy Raymond Souster

Any big event must havethe Ceremony of the Officials.

I had my officials picked outlong before starting to buildmy master space rocket.They included cabinet ministers,arms makers, generals,all the boys on the real inside.

When the Big Day camethey stood on a platformat the foot of the monsterand made speechesone after the other.

I let them talkas long as they wanted to,then, when the last one had finished,I pushed back a little doorin the side of my brain-childand invited them to enter.

When the last one had disappeared inside,I closed the door, walked very deliberatelyacross to the control paneland pushed a button.

Imagine my surprisewhen it worked.

Souster, Raymond. “The Launching.” Departures. Scarborough: Nelson Canada, 1991. 84. Print.

Knowledge itself is power.- Francis Bacon

Tree in a sTreeT

©shutterstock.com/posscriptum

©shutterstock.com/Roman Malyshev

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By Louis Dudek

Why will not that tree adapt itself to our tempo?We have lopped off several branches,cut her skin to the white bone,run wires through her body and her loins,yet she will not change.Ignorant of traffic, of dynamos and steel,as uncontemporaryas bloomers and bustlesshe stands there like a green cliché.

Dudek, Louis. “Tree in a Street.” Themes on the Journey. Scarborough: Nelson Canada, 1989. 34. Print.

4

I was never a “kind” person. It wasn’t in my nature. Back then I was anything but. Wildly self-centered, I didn’t give presents or flatter people, stuff like that, no tenderness. My friends referred to me as ruthless, and I guess I was.

I ran around, did all kinds of stuff whether anyone liked it or not, was King of the World.

My abstract paintings were being shown in New York, in solo exhibitions, getting kudos from the critics. I was swaggering with my buddies through lower Manhattan and across northern Italy, climbing trees, surfing monster waves—artists’ loft parties, great women, fast motorcycles. Total freedom. Total celebration.

Total self-absorption.One day a friend asked if I’d show

some slides of my artwork at a school for the severely disabled, people who couldn’t walk or even talk. What the hell, I thought. Why not?

I had no idea what I was getting into.

It turned out to be more a hospital than a school. And like you, I’m not eager to go into a hospital no matter what the reason. So when I strode through the automatic doors and down the shiny linoleum halls in my ratty jeans and T-shirt, I was totally blown away. There were all these

contorted bodies, arms strapped to wheelchairs or poking out at weird angles, limbs flailing, mouths drooling. Pretty radical stuff.

This was definitely not a world I wanted anything to do with, such suffocating limits, no freedom. In the room where I was to show the slides of my paintings there was a guy sitting in his wheelchair, his brittle underdeveloped body strapped in, head held aloft by a network of stainless steel wires, hands dangling off the end of the armrests, fingers twisted, bent backward, welded into knots. I didn’t know where to look, but before I averted my eyes from fear, the guy caught me with his eyes and held me with them. “I’m in here,” they said without words, steely gray, intense, not weak. “Do you see me?”

I felt a bolt of energy pass from him to me, the charge blowing through my body. There was a person in there! I took a closer look at the other patients who’d been wheeled in to see my art. The woman I’d seen in the hall, appearing brain-dead, staring at the floor, met my gaze with warm brown, smiling eyes. They had given up looking at the staff, but with a new person, they’d give a shot to see if there would be any recognition. She threw her head back with laughter,

seeing both my fear and the fact that I had indeed seen her, seen the light of her life inside. Next to her, a boy with red hair glared at me. His little arms strapped to his chair, the anger sparked from his eyes to the closed windows, to the lap tray in front of him, back to me again, then back out the sealed window to the outdoors. A worshipper of freedom, this tore me up. This little kid was fierce as a wolf I’d seen held in a dog’s pen, no thought of surrender.

I see them! I thought. And they see I see them! Getting past their outer appearance, they suddenly appeared to be people full of energy.

The hospital staff bustled about, distant and distracted. I was supposed to talk about my work, so when the first slide went up, I spoke of the power and freedom of pure abstraction, speaking as I would to colleagues, not as to what some would think of as broken kids incapable of sophisticated thought or feeling.

Pushing the shock of the experience even further, it was clear they were linking with the images, no doubt about it. My life of total physical freedom, their lives of total physical limitation, maybe, maybe, painting could be a world we could enter together. But how, with no use of their hands, could this ever be?

Back home, I lay my forehead on the kitchen table, my mind lashed by unfamiliar emotions. I was being disassembled, my old arrogance shattered. All my life I’d been seeking a kind of keen energy in other people, most times to be sorely disappointed, and now here it was, in the most unexpected place, the least likely people. It was too brutal, them trapped not just by their bodies but also by the people around them, paid to aid them toward freedom.

I became obsessed, thought about it 24/7, stopped working on my own stuff, dropped everything. Finally, after a bunch of sleepless

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My story By Tim Lefens

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nights, I knew what I had to do. I had to go back, to get that energy out somehow. Maybe they could paint—not with their bodies but with their minds.

In a first, somewhat primitive technique, they directed their wheelchairs over paint-covered canvas, their wheel tracks speaking for them as drawing. It was like unleashing a bunch of maniacs—very raw. One of the first artists, one of the rare ones who could

speak, shouted, “Wow!” as each new painting was revealed. “Wow!”

Her turn. She attacked her canvas, which was taped to the studio floor, jacking hard on the joystick of her electric wheelchair, jetting forward, then back, her head snapping back, then forward. Then, her wheelchair still, she began to revolve in place on the center of her painting, slowly at first, then faster and faster, round and round, faster, faster, faster. “Take me away!” she cried. “Take me away!”

After that, I was hooked. I thought of a better way for them to paint, with a laser attached to a headband. The students simply looked at where they wanted the

paint to be placed and a trained studio assistant applied the paint. Every choice was now theirs—every detail of color blending, application tool, size, and orientation of their canvas. The results were awesome. In no time, the art world took notice. They had sellout shows in important galleries in New York City, their work selling for thousands of dollars. We expanded to include other schools. But for me, the best part was still the “outing”: the moment

when a quadriplegic snapped free of his limits and lost himself in the paint. Sometimes it happened immediately; sometimes I needed to goad him on, whisper a little in his ear: “Come on, get it going. Do it!” Suddenly that trapped spirit was free, expressing itself through the paint in a way that was absolutely coherent, absolutely magical.

And that’s how it happened, how a group of “ultimate underdogs’’ tenderized my heart, how my casual what-the-hell stroll into a strange institution changed my life and led me into one of the most beautiful and profound things in the world—the liberation of people who never thought they’d be free.

I have my own physical challenge now. Got diagnosed with something called RP, retinitis pigmentosa. Doctors said I had two to five years of useful vision left. Don’t get weepy for me; it’s been scary, but I can still paint. The thing I want to tell you is how, when I was lowest, way down there, pretty close to giving up, it was the kids and young adults I worked with who lifted me up. As my sight got worse, they managed to ask about it without me having to say a word. When I fessed up, they gathered around, a close little circle, one of them saying quietly, “Maybe we don’t have that much time.” Then to break the spell of sadness they jumped back into their painting with added gusto, abandon, showing that when things go black you have only two choices: sit back or push on.

I helped them, then they helped me. It was rich, rich, good stuff. Proves it for real, that it’s what’s inside that counts and that anything is possible, the spirit indestructible. Thanks to this new world I entered and the vital power I’m touched by, it’s a much deeper, more enthusiastic life than I could ever have dreamed.

Lefens, Tim. ‘’My Story.’’ Me to We. Ed. Craig Kielburger and Marc Kielburger.Mississauga: John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd., 2004. 50-53. Print.

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What power do you, as an individual, have?

If you had the power,

what one thing would you change in the world?

xpress yourpower

What three power players would you like to meet and why?

What super power would you like to have and why?

If you could,

whose power would you like to remove?

If you had ultimate power for only

24 hours, what would you do?

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Shea Holbrook is different from most car racers. She doesn’t come from money. Nobody else in her family

races. And she’s not, well, a dude.However, none of that has kept her from becoming a

professional racer or from being the first female driver to win a Touring Car race, at the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach Pirelli World Challenge, in 2011.

Shea currently races in the Pirelli World Challenge, which is a racing series that consists of four classes: Grand Touring, Grand Touring Sport, Touring Car and Touring Car B. Sanctioned by the Sports Car Clubs of America (SCCA), these races go alongside the IZOD IndyCar Series, the American Le Mans Series (ALMS) and the V8 Supercars Series. In comparison to other car races, where drives go through lap after lap, these are high-energy sprints, each race lasting 30 minutes, with drivers in cars that are modified versions of the ones you see on the street every day.

Shea always had the need for speed. For most of her teen years, she was a competitive water skier, with a chance to go semi-pro. Her father knew she was a daredevil. One day, he pulled some strings to get her in the passenger seat of a race car. That changed everything. At 16, Shea was in love. “I don’t ever recall looking out the front windshield, at all,” Shea says. “Because I was focused on what he was doing.”

Shea was on a mission to make racing her life. Her first step was to go to the Performance Racing Industry trade show to meet people in the industry and hand out business cards.

Unfortunately, almost nobody wanted to talk to the 16-year-old “new girl,” and many turned away whenever she tried to talk to them. This was her first taste of the sexism in racing. “In all honesty, I was shocked at the somewhat negative response I got,” says Shea.

But she kept working. The next day, she changed her approach and said exactly what she was thinking as an icebreaker. She said, “My name is Shea Holbrook. I’m a 16-year-old aspiring female race-car driver. I’m going to be a pro one day, so we should know each other. Here’s my business card.”

Good things happened from there. She actually landed her first major sponsor in Wine Country Motor Sports,

which helped her get started. She now has multiple major sponsors, including TRUECar, Radium and Lucas Oil.

Her experience at the trade show taught Shea how to overcome stereotypes and how to market herself. She eventually learned how to present her gender to sponsors as an asset, not a reason for them to stay away. “Women, [we’re] immediately unique, just because we’re still such a small, small percentage of racing drivers in the world.”

However, she still feels that female racers are more heavily scrutinized. “Just because you’re the girl, you’re immediately under the magnifying glass. People are watching your every move.”

Proving people wrong drives her (pun intended). Her favourite part of what she does is constantly pushing herself. “I really like the hustle,” Shea says. “In racing, a day that you’re on vacation is a day lost.”

She works out and hydrates like crazy. You can find her at the gym, about six days a week, for two hours at a time. “Because racing drivers aren’t able to just jump in a race car any time they please, it’s critical that we stay physically and mentally strong, to be fully prepared at any time.”

Shea also takes a tremendous amount of satisfaction from her charitable work with Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy (www.endduchenne.org), which directly benefits Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Duchenne is the form of muscular dystrophy that claimed the life of her cousin Matthew and currently afflicts another young

cousin named Jordan. Using her racing career to further the cause is a promise she made to her family and herself. “Unfortunately, Matthew wasn’t around to see any of this,” says Shea. “I’m not going to sit around and not do anything in Jordan’s lifetime.”

As for long-term goals, Shea has planned for a life after the track. One of her dreams was to get into the business end of racing and start her own racing team. She’s already achieved this by establishing Shea Racing as a respected team, with a strong group of other racers on the roster. “If for some god-awful reason I wasn’t able to drive race cars one day, I wanted to have a business in racing, because I’m so passionate about the sport itself,” says Shea.

The biggest obstacle, according to Shea, is fear. Her personal motto is “Fear is a state of mind. Will is an action taken.”

“At some point in time, you’re going to come across fear,” she says. “At the end of the day, if you have the willpower to overcome that fear, and if you set your mind to it that you’re not allowing yourself to fail at all costs, you can get through it.”Leclaire, Ryan. “Pretty Fast.” Faze 2013 Issue #51: 42. Print.

Pretty FasTBy Ryan Leclaire for STUDYMAGAZINE.COM

©shutterstock.com/Algefoto

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It started out like a game of cops and robbers, but Philip G. Zimbardo didn’t know how it would end . He

had some suspicions, of course. He was the psychology professor in charge of the experiment. However, he had no idea how far it would go and how disturbing his findings would be.

Zimbardo selected a group of volunteers (undergraduate students with no health, psychological or criminal problems) and randomly divided the group into two: “guards” and “prisoners.”

Then police cruisers showed up at the prisoners’ homes where, in front of their friends and family, they were “arrested” by Zimbardo’s guards.

The guards now wore large mirrored glasses, uniforms, and

were armed with nightsticks. They took the prisoners to the basement of the university and threw them into tiny cells, locked them up and referred to them only by their prison number.

By the second day there were riots. Prisoners were demanding basic human rights, and the guards cracked down ruthlessly. Prisoners were stripped of their cots, attacked with fire extinguishers, sent to solitary or stripped naked and humiliated.

The riots quickly stopped, but the humiliation, isolation and attacks didn’t. Prisoners became increasingly fearful and depressed. Some had nervous breakdowns. One prisoner was so broken that his only desire after the experiment ended was to “go back and prove

that he had been a good prisoner.”The guards meanwhile became

increasingly aggressive and abusive. They seemed to enjoy it. After the experiment ended, many expressed remorse that they could not continue.

The experiment had been scheduled to go on for two weeks. It was stopped after just six days.

The Stanford Prison Experiment remains to this day a chilling reminder of what can happen to ordinary people when handed the reigns of power.

You’ve probably heard the adage that “Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.” The full quote, by Lord Acton, is actually: “Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely in such manner that great men are

Analysis

The Dangerous Power of Power

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almost always bad men.”It does seem to be a statement

that’s held up by the science. Power is often associated with selfishness, and it turns out that powerful people may be more prone to making rash decisions, refusing to share or even being downright rude.

More frightening still is the fact that exposure to power seems to have real physical and psychological effects on the human brain that might permanently affect the ability to feel compassion and empathy. This is a scary thought when you consider that those exposed to the most power are such people as world leaders and Supreme Court Justices.

But does simply having power make you evil? Is it true that “great men” are almost always “bad men”? History is full of tyrants, yes, but certainly there have been plenty of powerful people who were not megalomaniacal monsters.

Doctor Martin Luther King, Jr. had the power to influence millions and used that power to promote equality and civil rights. Mahatma Gandhi used his incredible influence throughout the world to call for peace and non-violence.

So, were the boys who were selected at random to be guards in the Stanford Prison Experiment simply evil, or did they just get carried away with the roles they were given and accidentally doing some regrettable things? Does power alone explain their actions, or was there something else at play here?

After all, the Stanford Prison Experiment didn’t exactly start out on even ground. The deck may have been stacked from the start.

Consider how the guards were primed. They were given mirrored

glasses to hide their identity, they were equipped with weapons (batons) associated with beatings and domination, and they were told they were guarding so-called “criminals” (ie: dangerous bad guys).

It is possible that these factors acted as a kind of subtle suggestion about how they should act. And the very fact that Zimbardo started out the experiment by having them arrest the prisoners in front of their friends and family may have set the tone for humiliation and dehumanization.

Maybe it was these subliminal suggestions that, when coupled with a position of power, created such evil and ruthlessness in the guards. Maybe, without nightsticks and cells and arrests, things may have been different.

Imagine, for example, if we switched the suggested roles. Instead of the Stanford Prison Experiment it had been called the Stanford Hospital Experiment, and instead of “guards” and “prisoners” the groups had been divided into “caretakers” and “patients.” Would we see the same outcomes? It seems somehow doubtful.

Clearly power is dangerous. It has the potential to corrupt and make otherwise good people do bad things. However, to say that power alone may be responsible for this might be too narrow a perspective. Perhaps power is more like a tool: potentially harmful and disastrous if you don’t know how to use it, but in the right hands (such as Dr. King’s, or Gandhi’s, or caregivers’ worldwide) capable of creating beautiful things. Maybe the power we should really be on the lookout for is the power of suggestion.

By Eve Merriam

In the heel of my thumbare whorls, whirls, wheelsin a unique design:mine alone.What a treasure to ownMy own flesh, my own feelings.No other, however grand or base,can ever contain the same.My signature,thumbing the pages of my time.

My universe key,my singularity,impress, implant,I am myself, of all my atom parts I am the sum.And out of my blood and my brainI make my own interior weather,my own sun and rain.Imprint my mark upon the world,whatever I shall become.

From IT DOESN’T ALWAYS HAVE TO RHYME by Eve Merriam.Copyright © 1964 Eve Merriam. © Renewed 1992 Eve Merriam.Used by permission of Marian Reiner

Merriam, Eve. “Thumbprint.” In Your Own Words 1. Toronto: Holt, Rinehart and Winston of Canada, Limited, 1985. 255. Print.

THUMBPRINT

Power tends to corrupt

and absolute power corrupts absolutely.

- Lord Acton

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LIsTenIng To The eChoCanada

A group of Ontario collegiate students feels that the future of home ownership includes an ECHO, the ultra-compact, solar-powered home that they’ve designed and built. Their success has led to their participation in the 2013 world-wide biennial Solar Decathlon Competition sponsored by the United States Department of Energy. This competition challenges the contestants to design, build and operate a solar-powered house that is affordable, energy-efficient and physically attractive. The competition is meant to introduce clean-energy products and technology to the public and to educate them about the future of housing. This new design has the power to possibly revolutionize this industry if people opt for the modest ECHO over the more lavish “mansion.” Only time will tell.

RIsks oR BenefITsCanada

The TransCanada Energy East Pipeline Project looks to ship millions of barrels of tar and bitumen and oil from Alberta to Saint John, New Brunswick using existing natural gas pipeline while adding over 1000 kilometres of new pipeline. The project is seen by some as a nation-building pipeline because it will create jobs for Canadians across the country and will bring energy security to both sides of the country for decades. Environmentalists, however, believe that the risks far outweigh the benefits as the potential of oil spills in many lakes, rivers and communities along the route would be disastrous.

WhIsTLeBLoWeR?UnITed sTaTes

Edward Snowden, known for leaking top secret information about the American government spying on citizens’ telephone and Internet interactions, has taken temporary asylum in Russia which is creating political tension between the two countries. America wants Snowden sent home to face espionage charges, but Russia is not complying, and the situation has got people talking. Some see Snowden as a whistleblower exposing to the world the dark inner workings of the government, while others see him as a traitor to his country.

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TAKING POWER GLOBAL

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PoWeR of YoUThafRICa

Africa has the youngest population in the world with half its citizens under the age of twenty. Seven of the world’s fastest growing economies are in Africa and the youth are their greatest asset. However, with distressing youth unemployment, African leaders face a major problem. Joblessness among the young can lead to political and civil unrest. Militant groups stand by to easily recruit angry, jobless young people. African governments declared 2009-2018 the “African Youth Decade” and are focused on empowerment programmes and other national initiatives to address youth unemployment. No doubt, the youth will be challenged to help their societies achieve new heights.

aRT oR VandaLIsmeURoPe

Much of Europe, the birthplace of some of the world’s most famous graffiti artists, has come to embrace public graffiti as art. Although still illegal, many artists think of it as an art form that gives the power of self-expression to the people. It is a means for citizens to contribute to the character of their city. As for the artists, it is a way for them to make their reputation, to become known in the world of art. Public exhibitions of graffiti have become popular and are gradually elevating this art form from anonymous works of vandalism to works done by true artists.

an UndeRgRoUnd eConomYnoRTh koRea

Kim Jong Eun is firmly in control of North Korea. In 1999, under his father’s leadership, North Korea became a fully fledged nuclear power. Today its ballistic missile and nuclear capabilities are the most serious threat to the region, the United States, the world. The Korean People’s Army hold all the power. Yet, the capitalist underground economy is believed to be booming. Entrepreneurs are finding ways to circumvent the government and 20 million North Koreans rely completely on the underground economy. This private economy has weakened the regime’s fiscal capacity while boosting the economic power of individuals.

aT WhaT CosT?BangLadesh

In the corporate rush to increase profits and produce products as cheaply as possible, workers in the developing countries suffer. Wages are poor and existing safety measures are not enforced leading to such tragedies as the recent Rana Plaza collapse. Although acknowledging the human cost of these tragedies, some economists say that the low wages offered by the multinational companies in developing countries are sometimes beneficial since these wages are often better than those offered for domestic work. For their very existence, workers will choose these low paying jobs even though working conditions may be poor. However, such incidents as the Rana Plaza collapse and the persistence of the anti- sweatshop activists are slowly leading the way to stronger corporate accountability and better conditions.

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Commentary

Not Here To Make Friends

You may have seen it: a mash-up video montage of various talking heads – reality TV

personalities from every race, gender and nationality, from every reality TV show you could imagine – saying (word for word and over and over and over again) the exact same sentence: “I didn’t come here to make friends!”

It has become a mantra in the reality world, so pervasive that new “supercuts” of hundreds of fresh takes are released every year. It’s hard to get through one episode of any show without hearing the mantra at least once.

However, it makes sense. These people aren’t eating earwigs, marrying strangers, having their singing ridiculed on national TV for nothing. They are there to win. That means taking no prisoners, doing what has to be done and looking out for numero uno! If stepping on a few toes, bruising some egos and losing a few friends along the way

is what it takes, then so be it. They aren’t there to make friends.

That’s how it works and not just in the surreal world of reality TV, right? We’ve heard it in the real world, too. We take it for granted that only the strongest survive. Those who fight, who stay laser-focused on their target, who won’t let anyone get in their way, win. We see these philosophies championed in business, sports, politics and movies.

Would Steve Jobs have built the Apple empire if he were worried about making friends? Would Alexander the Great have been so great if he were concerned about hurting people’s feelings?

We are told that if you want power, if you want to win, you can’t let yourself get held back; you can’t let anyone stand in your way. Power is gained by those individuals with the strength and intimidation to take it, or those who connive to use manipulation and cunning to seize it.

Why else would we find that people in positions of power are three times more likely to have a certain disturbing neurological condition that inhibits them from feeling empathy? Clearly the inability to feel remorse or kindness is an advantage in the race to the top.

But is this true? Can we only succeed if we fight tooth and nail, if we always value personal gain over empathy and friendship? Is the only way to succeed either to be or to become disturbingly insensitive?

Well, maybe not. Some researchers are beginning to discover that these traditional ideas of how power is gained may be dead wrong. It turns out that the ability to get and maintain power may actually have a lot more to do with our ability to make and keep friends than our ability to heartlessly climb the corporate ladder.

Look carefully at your own peer groups and you may notice that

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The power of the human will

to compete

and the drive to excel

beyond the body’s normal capabilities is most

beautifully demonstrated

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those who are more sensitive to their friends, peers and coworkers – those who are friendly, tell jokes, offer to help out and share - tend to gain more respect and status than those who are dead-set on that top spot. You’ll probably also notice that those with a more competitive “I didn’t come here to make friends” approach often lose both respect and status among their peers.

Why? It’s tied to our sense of fairness. We as a species tend to react poorly to injustice. When faced with obvious acts of selfishness and greed, our reaction isn’t one of respect or even envy. We tend, instead, to actively dislike and resent selfish people. After all, no one likes the jerk who puts himself above others, especially when that jerk is in a position of power.

Think about it. Are we really likely to share a tube of Pringles with the guy who hogged the last bag of chips? What if that person is already our boss?

I think not. As a result, selfish,

manipulating and power-hungry people get invited to fewer barbeques, get offered fewer rides, have fewer favours done for them, are more likely to be cut out of the will.

In short, we ostracize and avoid the selfish and greedy and in so doing make them less likely

to benefit from the social and communal upshots of society.

It makes sense and not just from an emotional and social point of view. Mathematical models also suggest that groups who worked toward goals through cooperation and the greater good saw larger overall benefits for all their members than groups who focused on self-interest and personal gain. Giving the cold shoulder to those who don’t play nice and share may just be one way to ensure that everybody wins.

So, while it may be easy for certain types to bully and cajole their way to the top, their success is temporary and they don’t last there long without friends and allies to help support them. After all, it’s hard to stay on top when everyone you stepped on on the way up is just waiting for you to fall.

Not here to make friends? That might be an effective strategy, maybe, for an episode of Fear Factor, but not for much else. If you want real, lasting power and respect, maybe you should consider doing exactly the opposite. Maybe, just maybe, if you want power or status or respect, you should try being empathetic, being kind, and maybe, try making a friend or two.

- Aimee Mullins

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The memory is vivid: I am seventeen years old, standing on the stage of my high school auditorium in front of my peers. The grades ten through twelve drama kids are dressed in the 1960s style of bobby socks and lettermen jackets, and high ponytails and ribbons.

I have a bright purple and chiffon scarf in my hand, a prop that I’ve snatched from Amy Miller my best friend who is playing the role of teacher Mrs. Dramady. Suddenly, I am dancing, spinning around, leaping through the air, twirling the purple scarf behind me. As I flit across the stage like a bird, I’m reciting Amy’s lines of dialogue, lines of dialogue that I myself had

painstakingly written and rewritten for months.

I have embodied Mrs. Dramady, a character I created, a whimsical artist whose sole objective in life is to instill her students with a sense of power to create.

My peers watch me dance, dumbfounded by my sudden outburst, and for the first time in my life (and, to be honest, one of the few times in my life) I have absolutely no worries about what anyone thinks of me. I am free. I am happy. I am empowered.

Whenever someone asks me to share my favourite adolescent memory, this scene springs to mind like an excited kangaroo. That moment on that stage in a rehearsal

opinion

Memories of strength:Supporting Creative Self-Expression in Teens Builds Stronger Adults

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for a play I had written, a play that would go on to win an international playwriting competition for teenagers, remains one of the most positive experiences in my life.

In the many years since that day, I have replayed this experience in my mind trying to pinpoint exactly what made it so special. What factors aligned to create that pure feeling of absolute freedom of self-expression?

The older I get, the louder and clearer the answer rings: Mrs. Graves. Mrs. Graves was an English teacher at my high school and had recently inherited the drama department from a retiring colleague. She had done some snooping about the grade twelve students and had found out that I was an aspiring writer hoping to one day pursue a career in writing for film. She sought me out and offered me the job to write and direct the senior drama production.

Remembering this now, tears come to my eyes as I think about her trust in me, her unquestioning support, her belief that I could accomplish whatever I wanted.

Today, I am a writer. Though my dreams of working in film changed to dreams of becoming a novelist, I still attribute my current success to Mrs. Graves’ past support.

Today, not only do I write novels, but also I work with teenagers. I help students new to Canada learn a second language. When I write and when I teach, I think about Mrs. Graves. She taught me more than just how to direct a play. She taught me that when we trust teenagers, when we believe they can achieve their goals, and when we empower them to do it on their own, they can achieve amazing feats.

I’m talking specifically about creative self-expression. While I believe we should support teenagers in their personal, academic and professional endeavours, I believe that supporting their creative endeavours has the greatest impact of all.

Why? The key word is the adjective creative. It comes from the verb to create: to cause to come into being as something unique.

As teenagers, you are beautiful works-in-progress making big decisions that will shape your future. The more opportunities you have to express yourself creatively, the better you’ll know who you are and what you love.

Today, I watch my students write poetry (which they post on Facebook) and discover a love for words. I watch them film commercials (which they upload to YouTube) and discover a talent for cinematography. While the mediums evolve, the truth endures. Teenagers with the power to create also have the power to astonish. Your imaginations are unlimited; there’s no end to what you can do.

No matter what your creative impulse—song writing, figure skating, furniture building, fashion designing—grab your pen or brush or tools and build something.

You’ll feel the power you need to thrive, and the adults around you will be thrilled and inspired. They’ll think back to when they were teenagers bumbling through high school, a dream in their head and an adult nearby who believed in them.

By John hall Wheelock

“A planet doesn’t explode of itself,” said drilyThe Martian astronomer, gazing off into the air—“That they were able to do it is proof that highlyIntelligent beings must have been living there.”

Wheelock, John Hall. “Earth.” Through the Open Window, Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1983. 234. Print.

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It takes more than a funny bone—or two—to make it in Canada’s competitive comedy industry.

But for Naomi Snieckus and Matt Baram, their collective skills have helped them become the hilarious “it-couple,” taking on the challenge one scene at a time.

You may recognize them from your television screens. Matt stars as the nerdy character Jonathan in the Citytv show Seed, and Naomi can be seen as Bobbi, the no-nonsense teacher, in the CBC comedy series Mr. D.

It’s never a dull moment, on stage or off, when it comes to the lives of these two actors who are masters of the art of improvisation. For them, there is no off-switch. Whether they are in the comfort of their own home or in a training space, they are constantly thinking of fresh material. And that’s something they

have to do to thrive in such a fast-paced environment that feeds off of captivating an audience and playing with emotions.

Before coming together as a power duo, they each hailed from different acting backgrounds. Matt studied at the University of Alberta’s Fine Arts Acting Conservatory. He moved to Toronto to become a serious, classically trained actor, but couldn’t get auditions for those types of festivals. “In the meantime, I didn’t want to wait around for the phone to ring,” says Matt. “So I went and produced my own shows.”

He eventually auditioned for a role with the Second City Comedy Theatre, one of Toronto’s legendary improv hubs. It was there that Naomi and Matt first crossed paths.

Naomi graduated from the Ryerson Theatre School, where she discovered her passion for acting and never looked back. “It was exactly what I wanted to do,” she says.

Later, when Naomi landed a position with Second City, she knew she chose the right career. Naomi and Matt ended up working on five shows together, with Second City, where they established their undeniable chemistry and made lasting connections and industry relationships.

In 2008, they founded The National Theatre of the World (along with Ron Pederson), a non-profit, Toronto-based theatre company. They specialize in improvisation

Power comedy

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and work hard to create exciting and provocative theatre. The company puts on various shows throughout the year; some of its productions include I Seen You on TV, Baram and Snieckus and The Script Tease Project. They also hold workshops and drop-in classes.

As formally-trained performers, the pair believes that having an educational background is important when getting started in improv. This framework of technique has definitely been beneficial to their careers. “Anybody can go around and improvise, but not everybody has the craft behind it,” says Naomi. “So theatre school, for me, allowed me an opportunity to train in stage presence and having a strong voice.”

They hope to teach others the skills they’ve gained over the years, but this industry is not for the weak. In order to get your name out there, persistence is key. “I never stop having to audition. You could finish

a series, and the next day you’re out of work,” says Matt. “It’s always back to zero, no matter who you are.”

Disappointment is something to embrace in this industry, and for aspiring actors and actresses hoping to break into comedy, it’s all about creating your own opportunities and taking that first step towards doing what you love. “Any opportunity could go anywhere,” says Naomi. “Make sure, every time, you’re giving your A game, because you never know who is in the audience.”

They agree that having a plan is necessary, whereas a backup plan may not be the right way to go. “If you have a backup plan, you will go to it too quickly,” says Matt. “It’s better to try something and fail than to not try it at all.”

But can anyone turn an act of telling jokes into a career? “Everybody’s got the muscle to be funny,” says Naomi. “It’s just the matter of exercising it.” But you have

to take initiative, the couple agrees. Don’t wait for opportunities to come to you. Make things happen!

It’s also important to surround yourself with like-minded people in such a character-driven atmosphere. “Do your research,” she adds. “And hang around with people that inspire you.”

Choosing the right crowd can be that determining factor. “It’s an industry where it’s who you know. If it’s who you know, then hang around people you like. Don’t hang around people who are going to bring you down,” says Matt. “Pick the people who you put yourself with, because you become a reflection of the people you’re around.”

Naomi and Matt are perfect proof that success, and a lot of laughs, comes in good company.

Dun, Christina. “Power Comedy Couple.” Faze 2013 Issue #51: 43. Print.

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Jordan BennettJordan Bennett of Mi’kmaq descent is one of many young Aboriginal artists embracing his heritage and his power in society. He creates contemporary works that have a traditional element to them yet challenge the stereotypes about indigenous peoples and their art. The power of his work rests in the multimedia approach that he takes using digital media, painting, sculpture and installations to combine pop culture with traditional.Connecting with youth is extremely important to his purpose. By incorporating into his art themes that speak to young people, he hopes to inspire them to take pride in their cultures.

david karpDavid Karp created Tumblr the hottest site for graphic blogging today. It’s so hot, in fact, that it is one of the most visited Web sites in the United States with over 170 million users. The twenty-six year old created the Web site in 2007 and recently sold it to Yahoo for a whopping 1.1 billion dollars. Despite his huge success, Karp lives modestly in a refurbished apartment in Brooklyn. He remains CEO for tumblr.

neha guptaNeha Gupta founded the non-profi t Empower Orphans in 2005 when she was nine years old. An American resident, she frequently visited family in northern India and would take food or gifts to the local orphanage. She witnessed how much the orphans lacked parental love, food, shelter, education and health care. Her belief that with determination people have the power to change anything has resulted in her foundation raising over one million dollars to help orphans and abandoned children. For her work, Neha has received many awards including the Power of Children Award and the World of Children Award.

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nelson mandelaNelson Mandela was a leader among leaders. In 1994 he became South Africa’s fi rst democratically-elected and fi rst black President. His role in fi ghting apartheid and his ability to guide South Africa through the problems of its rebirth earned him the international reputation of peacemaker. His strong sense of moral authority and fairness was evident in his fi ght against South African poverty and inequality, in his fostering of racial reconciliation and in his empowerment of disadvantaged children. His actions won him the respect of the political powers of the world. During his lifetime, he received many awards including the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. With his death on December 5, 2013, the world lost a great statesman.

Tavi gevinsonKnown as the style rookie, Tavi Gevinson in 2008 at the age of eleven began writing a fashion blog that gained the attention not only of her middle school peers but also of the fashion world. Her blog, featuring photos of her designs and commentary on fashion trends, earned her a readership of over 25,000 a day. She soon found herself sitting in the front row of New York City and Paris fashion weeks and writing articles for magazines such as Harper’s Bazaar. At the age of fi fteen, she began publishing an on-line magazine, Rookie Magazine, focusing on issues that impact teenage girls. In 2011 and 2012, Tavi appeared on the Forbes 30 Under 30 in Media list.

sir Richard BransonSir Richard Branson is a billionaire whose goal is to have the most respected company in the world. At sixteen, although struggling with dyslexia, he started a youth culture magazine called Student. To help fi nance this project, he founded a mail-order recording company, Virgin Records. In 1992, Branson sold the company for one billion dollars and started Virgin Radio and V2. Today, the Virgin Empire is thriving with new endeavors in over two hundred companies in thirty countries. Branson’s recent ambition, to offer tourism in space with Virgin Galactic, is now in development. The title of his best seller Screw It, Let’s Do It: Lessons in Life is his message to young people not to be discouraged but to dream big.

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The dangerous Power of PowerCherry, Kendra. “The Stanford Prison Experiment.”

About.com Psychology. About.com, n.d. Web. 08 July 2013.

<http://www.psychology.about.com/od/classicpsychologystudies/a/stanford-prison-experiment.htm>.*

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<http:greatergood.berkeley.edu.article/item/power_paradox>.*

Leithead, Alastair. “Stanford prison experiment continues to shock.” BBC News. BBC, 17 Aug. 2011. Web. 08 July 2013. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-14564182>.*

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airport.” The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Co., 01 Aug. 2013. Web. 17 Aug. 2013. <http://www/telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/10216281/Edward-Snowden-leaves-Moscow-airport.html>.*

Durkin, Kathy. “Bangladeshis rebel against corporate rule.” Workers World. Workers World, 01 May 2013. Web. 16 Aug. 2013.<http://www.workers.org/articles/2013/05/01/bangladeshis-rebel-against-corporate-rule/>.*

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Leahy, Derek. “New TransCanada Pipeline Plan Dwarfs Keystone XL.” Blog post. DeSmogCanada. DesmogCanada, 02 Aug. 2013. Web. 19 Aug. 2013. <www.desmog.ca/.../new-transcanada-pipeline-plan-dwarfs-keystone-xl>.*

Mackenzie, Ashley. “European Graffiti Art.” eHOW. eHOW, n.d. Web. 17 Aug. 2013. <http://www.ehow.com/about_6724061_european-graffiti-art.html>.

News, CBC. “TransCanada’s east-west pipeline not A backup plan, expert says.” CBCnews. CBC/Radio-Canada, 01 Aug. 2013. Web. 19 Aug. 2013. <www.cbc.ca/news/.../08/.../calgary-trans-canada-energy-east-reax-egy.html>.*

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not here To make friendsAmorim, Catarina. “Evolutionary Game Theory And

The Mathematics Of Altruism.” SCIENCE 2.0. ION Publications, 18 July 2008. Web. 08 July 2013.<www.science2.0.com/amorca/evolutionary_game_theory_and_the_mathematics¬_of_altruism>.*

Ghose, Tia. “Chimps Have a Sense of Fairness.” Live Science. TechMediaNetwork.com, 14 Jan. 2013. Web. 08 July 2013.

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Lipman, Victor. “The Disturbing Link Between Psychopathy And Leadership.” Forbes. Forbes.com, 25 Apr. 2013. Web 08 July 2013.<www.forbes.com/sites/victor/lipman/2013/04/25/the-disturbing-link-between-psychopathy-and-leadership>.*

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Gevinson Is Expanding Her Empire.” AdWeek. N.p., 14 Apr. 2013. Web. 08 July 2013. <www.adweek.com/.../16-year-old-media-mogul-tavi-gevinson-expanding>.*

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Kama and Trevor. “Neha Gupta: It’s Not Just Her IQ That Makes It Possible.” Tootlee.Tootlee.com, n.d. Web. 25 June 2013.

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Melnyk, Rebecca. “Six emerging Aboriginal artists in Canada who are inspiring change.” National Post. National Post, 24 June, 2013. Web. 18 July, 2013.

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Predator.” Air & Space. Smithsonian, Apr. 2013. Web. 24 July 2013.

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Copyright actThe Copyright act provides for statutory protection for the creators of dramatic, musical, artistic or literary works such as books, newspapers and periodicals. In accordance with this act, all sources of copy-protected materials used in the production of this unit are duly recognized in the list below.