photosensors for xe scintillation readout
DESCRIPTION
Photosensors for xe scintillation readout. Joaquim M.F. dos Santos. GIAN- Atomic and Nuclear Instrumentation Group Instrumentation Center University of Coimbra. Electroluminescence yield 1. C.M.B. Monteiro et al., Phys. Lett. B 668 (2008) 167. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Joaquim M.F. dos Santos
GIAN- Atomic and Nuclear Instrumentation Group
Instrumentation Center University of Coimbra
1BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS
2BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24
E/N (10-17 V cm2 atom-1)
Y/N
(x
10
-17 p
ho
ton
s el
ectr
on
-1 cm
2 at
om
-1)
this work
Santos et al., Monte Carlo [7]
Fraga et al., Boltzmann [11]
Fonseca et al. [16]
Fonseca et al., -90ºC [16]
Parsons et al. [13]
Akimov et al. [14]
Aprile et al., -95ºC [15]
Ngoc et al. [12]
Xenon
0 .0
0 .5
1 .0
1 .5
2 .0
2 .5
3 .0
3 .5
0 .0 5 .0 10 .0 1 5.0 2 0 .0 25 .0 3 0.0
E /N (1 0 - 17 V c m 2 at om -1 ) Y
/N
(x 1
0-17 p
ho
ton
s e
lec
tro
n-1 c
m2 a
tom
-1)
A r ex p er im en ta l
A r M o n te C a r lo
A r W A R P
Xe e x pe r im e nt al
AR G O N
C.M.B. Monteiro et al., JINST 2 P05001 (2007)C.M.B. Monteiro et al., Phys. Lett. B 668 (2008) 167
3BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
22.1 keV X-raysE/pdrift = 0.7 kV cm-1 bar-1
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
E/pscint ( kV cm-1 bar-1 )
Y/p
(p
ho
ton
s e
lec
tro
n-1
cm
-1 b
ar-1
)
2 bar
4 bar
5 bar
6 bar
8 bar
10 bar
xenon
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
E/pscint ( kV cm -1 bar -1 )
Y/p
( p
ho
ton
s e
lec
tro
n -
1 cm
-1 b
ar
-1 )
2 bar
4 bar
5 bar
6 bar
8 bar
10 bar
59.6 keV photonsE/pdrift = 0.7 kV cm-1 bar-1
xenon
Pressure (bar) 2 3 4 5 6 8 10
ScintillationAmplification Parameter
(photons e-1 V -1)141 ± 6 141 ± 7 142 ± 5 151 ± 5 161 ± 9 170 ± 10 162 ± 10
E.D.C Freitas et al., Phys. Lett. B (2009) , accepted for publication
4BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
C.M.B. Monteiro et al., Phys. Lett. B 677 (2009) 133
5BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
6BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
C.M.B. Monteiro et al., JINST 2 (2007) P05001F.P. Santos et al., J. Appl. Phys. 27 (1994) 42
7BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
8BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
9BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
10BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
QE = 1.0 ± 0.2 (468 APDs tested)
C.M.B. Monteiro et al., APB 81 (2005) 531
QE = 34% +/- 5%
R. Chandrasekharan et al., NIM A 567 (2006) 45 R. Neilson et al. (EXO Collaboration), NIM A 608 (2009) 68
J.A.M. Lopes et al., IEEE TNS 48 (2001) 312 C.M.B. Monteiro et al., IEEE TNS 48 (2001) 1081
P. Shagin et al., J.Inst. 4 (2009) P01005
• Slightly modified standard APD • up to now not used for DUV• delivery time ~ 1 year for a several 1000, • well established production process• QE = 0.3+/- 0.06 ( very preliminary results )
IFAE ( Barcelona ) / Coimbra
11BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
R. Neilson et al. (EXO Collaboration), NIM A 608 (2009) 68
12BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
L.M.P. Fernandes et al., NIM A531 (2004) 566 J.A.M. Lopes et al., NIM A504 (2003) 331
13BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
C.M.B. Monteiro et al., Appl. Phys. B 81 (2005) 531
14BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
L.M.P. Fernandes et al., NIM A 478 (2000) 395L.M.P. Fernandes et al., NIM A 81 (2005) 531
15BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
• Performance of CsI photocathodes in liquid Xe, Kr, and ArNucl. Instr. Meth. A 338 (1994) 328-335E. Aprile, A. Bolotnikov, D. Chen, R. Mukherjee, F. Xu, D.F. Anderson, V. Peskov
• Detection of the primary scintillation light from dense Ar, Kr and Xe with novel photosensitive gaseous detectors Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 478 (2002) 377-383L. Periale, V. Peskov, P. Carlson, T. Francke, P. Pavlopoulos, P. Picchi, F. Pietropaolo
• Photosensitive gaseous detectors for cryogenic temperature applications Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 573 (2007) 302-305L. Periale, V. Peskov, C. Iacobaeus, B. Lund-Jensen, P. Picchi, F. Pietropaolo, I. Rodionov
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16BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
JFCA Veloso et al., IEEE TNS 43 (1996) 1232JFCA Veloso et al., NIM A 457 (2001) 253
JFCA Veloso et al., NIM A 422 (1999) 273
17BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
JFCA Veloso et al., NIM A 457 (2001) 253
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EDC Freitas et al., NIM A 580 (2007) 214
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LCC Coelho et al., NIM A 581 (2007) 190
CDR Azevedo et al., to be published
20BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
FD Amaro et al., IEEE TNS 56 (2009) 1097
FD Amaro et al., J.Inst. 1 (2006) P08003
21BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
0
2
4
6
0 2 4 6 8 10E/p (V /(cm *torr)
Op
tica
lGai
n
E E xtraction = 1.7 V /(cm *torr)
FD Amaro et al., to be published
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A Bondar et al., NIM A 581 (2007) 241
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24BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 1 2 3
E760 (kV cm-1)E
xtra
ctio
n ef
fici
ency
f
E/p293 (V cm-1 Torr-1)
a) Ne-CH4
f_Ne
f_99Ne+1CH4
f_97Ne+3CH4
f_95Ne+5CH4
f_90Ne+10CH4
f_50Ne+50CH4
f_20Ne+80CH4
f_CH4
f_Ne_MT_HgII-Shef.
f_99Ne+1CH4_HgII-Shef.
f_97Ne+3CH4_HgII-Shef.
f_95Ne+5CH4_HgII-Shef.
f_90Ne+10CH4_HgII-Shef.
f_50Ne+50CH4_HgII-Shef.
f_20Ne+80CH4_HgII-Shef.
f_CH4_HgII-Shef.
Series15
Series16
Series19
Series20
Series21
Series22
Series32
31
510
50
CH4
Ne
CH480%CH4
50%CH420%CH4
10%CH45%CH43%CH4
1%CH4Ne
Exp MC
80
20
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 1 2 3
E760 (kV cm-1)
Ext
ract
ion
effi
cien
cy f
E/p293 (V cm-1 Torr-1)
f_Ne
f_99Ne+1CF4
f_97Ne+3CF4
f_95Ne+5CF4
f_90Ne+10CF4
f_50Ne+50CF4
f_20Ne+80CF4
f_CF4
f_MC_Ne_MT_HgII-Shef.
f_MC_99Ne+1CF4_HgII-Shef.
f_MC_97Ne+3CF4_HgII-Shef.
f_MC_95Ne+5CF4_HgII-Shef.
f_MC_90Ne+10CF4_HgII-Shef.
f_MC_50Ne+50CF4_HgII-Shef.
f_MC_20Ne+80CF4_HgII-Shef.
f_MC_CF4_HgII-Shef.
Series19
Series20
Series21
Series22
Series23
Series24
Series25
Series26
b) Ne-CF4
CF480%CF4
50%CF410%CF4
5%CF43%CF41%CF4
Ne
Ne
8050
1053
1
Exp MC
J. Escada et al., J. Inst. 4 (2009) , in press
25BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
0 200 400 600 800 1000 120010-2
10-1
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
Effe
ctiv
e G
ain
VTHGEM
(V)
Ne/CH4(95/5) Ne/CH4(90/10) Ne/CH4(77/23) Ne/CF4(95/5) Ne/CF4(90/10)
Single THGEM (t = 0.4 mm, d = 0.3 mm, a = 0.7 mm, h = 0.1 mm)
Atm. pressureGas flow mode
C.D.R. Azevedo et al., J. Inst. 4 (2009) , in press
26BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos
C.D.R. Azevedo et al., J. Inst. 4 (2009) , in press
0.12 0.200.13 0.220.12 0.210.14 0.23
Effective photon detection efficiency
Present OptimalTHGEM THGEM
27BERKELEY, NOV 09 WORKSHOP ON XENON BASED DETECTORS JMF dos Santos