PHOTOSYNTHESIS. ENERGY FROM THE SUN

Photosynthesis. Energy from the Sun

14th International Congress on Photosynthesis

Volume I

Edited by

John F. Allen

Elisabeth Gantt

John H. Golbeck

Barry Osmond

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008920286

ISBN 978-1-4020-6707-5e-ISBN 978-1-4020-6709-9

Published by Springer,P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands

www.springer.com

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media, B.V.No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

Contents

Volume I

Section One Bioenergy and Photosynthesis

1 Photosynthetic Electron Transport Properties of an Uptake Hydrogenase Deletion Mutant of Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Yagut Allahverdiyeva, Ilkka Sairanen, Karin Stensjö, Peter Lindblad, and Eva-Mari Aro

2 The Stoichiometry of Photosystem II to Photosystem I in Higher Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Da-Yong Fan, Alexander B. Hope, Paul J. Smith, Husen Jia, Ron J. Pace, Jan M. Anderson, and Wah Soon Chow

3 Thiosulfate-Oxidizing Multi-component System in the Green Sulfur Bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Takuro Ogawa, Daisuke Seo, Hidehiro Sakurai, and Kazuhito Inoue

4 Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Cytochrome b559 in the Cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Fernando Guerrero, Mercedes Roncel, Diana Kirilovsky, and José M. Ortega

5 Differential Expression of hoxY Gene, Encoding the Small Subunit of Bidirectional Hydrogenase, Under Ar-Induced Microaerobic Conditions in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and Anabaena sp. PCC7120. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Cosmin Ionel Sicora and Eva-Mari Aro

Section Two Reaction Centers

1 15N Photo-CIDNP MAS NMR on RCs of Rhodobacter sphaeroides WT and R26 . . . . . . . . 25Eugenio Daviso, Karthick Babu Sai Sankar Gupta, Shipra Prakash, Peter Gast, A. Alia, Gunnar Jeschke, and Jörg Matysik

2 Comparison of Thermostability of Reaction Centres of R. sphaeroides in LDAO Micelles and Reconstituted into POCP Liposomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Felix Böhles, Peter Heathcote, Michael Jones, and Stefano Santabarbara

3 Time-Resolved Delayed Chlorophyll Fluorescence to Study the Influence of Bicarbonate on a Green Algae Mutant Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Joachim Buchta, Tatiana Shutova, Göran Samuelsson, and Holger Dau

4 Light Induced Exchange of Different psbA Gene Copies in the Cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Péter B. Kós, Zsuzsanna Deák, Otilia Cheregi, and Imre Vass

5 The Primary Electron Acceptor of Photosystem II Is Weakly Coupled to the Accessory Chlorophyll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Nicholas Cox, Joseph L. Hughes, Ronald Steffen, Paul J. Smith, A. William Rutherford, Elmars Krausz, and Ron J. Pace

6 Regulation of Photoprotection by Non-Radiative Charge Recombination in Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Krisztian Cser and Imre Vass

7 Primary Charge Separation in PS2 Core Complexes from Synechocystis 6803: A Comparison of Femtosecond Visible/Mid-IR Pump-Probe Spectra of Wild Type and Two P680 Mutants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51M. Di Donato, R. O. Cohen, B. A. Diner, J. Breton, R. van Grondelle, and M. L. Groot

8 13C Photo-CIDNP MAS NMR on the LH1-RC complex of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Anna Diller, A. Alia, Peter Gast, Gunnar Jeschke, and Jörg Matysik

9 Structure of Radical Pairs D• + QA•− in Bacterial Photosynthetic Reaction Centers

Cooled to Cryogenic Temperatures in the Dark and Under Illumination: A High-Field EPR/PELDOR Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59M. Flores, A. Savitsky, E. C. Abresch, W. Lubitz, and K. Möbius

10 A0 Æ A1 Electron Transfer in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii PS I with Replaced A0 Axial Ligand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Wojciech Giera, Krzysztof Gibasiewicz, V. M. Ramesh, Marcin Ziółek, Jerzy Karolczak, Andrzej Dobek, and Andrew N. Webber

11 Characterization of Homodimeric Type I Reaction Center Cores from Heliobacterium modesticaldum by High-Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69Anton Savitsky, Mark Heinnickel, Leysan Khuzeeva, Mikhail L. Antonkine, Klaus Möbius, and John H. Golbeck

12 Quinone Anion Bands in A1−/A1 FTIR Difference Spectra Investigated Using

Photosystem I Particles with Specifically Labeled Naphthoquinones Incorporated into the A1 Binding Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Gary Hastings and K. M. Priyangika Bandaranayake

13 Primary Reactions – From Isolated Complexes to Intact Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77Alfred R. Holzwarth

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14 What Is the Origin of the Highly Dispersive Quantum Efficiencies for Secondary Donor Oxidation at Low Temperature in Photosystem II? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Joseph L. Hughes, Ronald Steffen, Nick Cox, Paul Smith, Ron J. Pace, A. William Rutherford, and Elmars Krausz

15 Antenna Activity of Metal-Substituted Chl a Bound to the Chl a-Binding Sites in PS1 RC Complexes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89S. Ohtake, Y. Morikawa, and I. Ikegami

16 Unidirectional Electron Transfer in Chlorophyll d-Containing Photosystem I Reaction Center Complex of Acaryochloris marina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Shigeru Itoh, Tatsuya Uzumaki, Shinichi Takaichi, Masayo Iwaki, Shigeichi Kumazaki, Kunihiro Itoh, and Hiroyuki Mino

17 13C Photo-CIDNP MAS NMR Studies on Oriented Reaction Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Anna Diller, A. Alia, Peter Gast, Huub J. M. de Groot, Clemens Glaubitz, Gunnar Jeschke, and Jörg Matysik

18 The Influence of Aspartate 575PsaB on the Midpoint Potentials of Phylloquinones A1A/A1B and the FX Iron-Sulfur Cluster in Photosystem I . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Irina Karyagina, Yulia Pushkar, Dietmar Stehlik, Art van der Est, Hiroshi Ishikita, Ernst-Walter Knapp, Bharat Jagannathan, Rufat Agalarov, and John H. Golbeck

19 Redox Potential of Chlorophyll d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Shunsuke Ohashi, Masahiro Kasahara, Sohjiro Fukuyo, Masataka Nakazato, Koji Iwamoto, Yoshihiro Shiraiwa, Yuki Kato, Tadashi Watanabe, and Masami Kobayashi

20 Unexpected Difference in the P700 Redox Potential Among Oxygenic Photosynthetic Organisms Revealed by Spectroelectrochemistry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Yuki Kato, Akimasa Nakamura, Tomoyuki Suzawa, and Tadashi Watanabe

21 The Oxidation Potential of Chl a Is the Lowest – A New Scheme for O2 Evolution in PS II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113Masami Kobayashi, Shunsuke Ohashi, Sohjiro Fukuyo, Masahiro Kasahara, and Tadashi Watanabe

22 Structure for Thermostability of Photosynthetic Reaction Center from Thermophilic Purple Sulfur Bacterium, Thermochromatium tepidum . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Masayuki Kobayashi, Yuichiro Shimada, Yoichiro Fujioka, Hiroaki Suzuki, Zheng-Yu Wang, and Tsunenori Nozawa

23 Detection of Quinone Function in the Homodimeric Type-I Reaction Center of Heliobacterium modesticaldum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Toru Kondo, Hiroyuki Mino, Masahiro Matsuoka, Chihiro Azai, Hirozo Ohoka, and Shigeru Itoh

24 The Role of AspL213 for Stabilizing Semiquinone Binding to the Photosynthetic Reaction Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Eva-Maria Krammer and G. Matthias Ullmann

Contents vii

25 Triplet States in Photosynthetic Reaction Centers of Rb. sphaeroides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Aliaksandr Marchanka, Wolfgang Lubitz, Mark Paddock, and Maurice van Gastel

26 Triplet Photoprotection by Carotenoid in Intact Photosystem II Cores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137Victor Martinez-Junza, Malwina Szczepaniak, Silvia E. Braslavsky, Julia Sander, Matthias Rögner, and Alfred R. Holzwarth

27 Redox Reactions of the Non-Heme Iron of Photosystem II: An EPR Spectroscopic Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141James P. McEvoy and Gary W. Brudvig

28 Spectral and Kinetic Properties of Semiquinones in Bacterial Photosynthetic Reaction Centres Embedded in Liposomes Obtained by Different Phospholipids. . . . . . . 145Francesco Milano, Emiliano Altamura, Angela Agostiano, Livia Giotta, and Massimo Trotta

29 A Model for Temperature-Dependent Peak Shift of the Bacterial Reaction-Center Absorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149Koichiro Mukai, Keisuke Saito, and Hitoshi Sumi

30 The Heme-Containing Portion of Cytochrome cz from Chlorobium tepidum: Its Over-Expression in Escherichia coli and Spectroscopic Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Makoto Higuchi, Hirozo Oh-oka, Toru Kondo, Hiroyuki Mino, Shigeru Itoh, and Zheng-Yu Wang

31 Slow Energy Transfer from the Core Antennas CP43 and CP47 to the PSII RC Studied by Femtosecond Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159N. P. Pawlowicz, M. L. Groot, I. H. M. van Stokkum, J. Breton, and R. van Grondelle

32 Theoretical Modeling of the Optical Properties and Exciton Dynamics of the PSII Reaction Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163Roman Y. Pishchalnikov, Marc G. Müller, and Alfred R. Holzwarth

33 Directionality in Photosystem I: A Preliminary Study of the PsaA-A684D Mutant . . . . . 167Rajiv Luthra, Audrius Jasaitis, Fabrice Rappaport, and Kevin Redding

34 13C Photo-CIDNP MAS NMR on the Reaction Center of Green Sulphur Bacterium at Two Different Magnetic Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Esha Roy, A. Alia, Peter Gast, Hans J. van Gorkom, Gunnar Jeschke, and Jörg Matysik

35 Mechanism of Spin-Triplet-State Formation on the Accessory Chlorophyll in the Reaction Center of Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Keisuke Saito, Koichiro Mukai, and Hitoshi Sumi

36 The Physiological Relevance of Bidirectional Electron Transfer in Photosystem I of Eukaryotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Stefano Santabarbara, Paolo Bombelli, Charlotte Russell, Saul Purton, Anna Paola Casazza, and Michael C.W. Evans

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37 Temperature Dependence of the Reduction Kinetics of P680+ in Oxygen-Evolving PS II Complexes Throughout the Range from 320 to 80 K . . . . . . . . 187Eberhard Schlodder

38 Low Quantum Yield Electron Transfer Pathways in PSII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191Matthias Schenderlein, Maria Andrea Mroginski, Marianne Çetin, and Eberhard Schlodder

39 Detection of Ultrafast Process in the Energy and Electron Transfer Dynamics in the Photosystem I Reaction Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197Yutaka Shibata, Shunsuke Kawamoto, Yosuke Satoh, and Shigeru Itoh

40 Low Temperature Secondary Pathway Donation in Photosystem II of Spinach . . . . . . . . 201Ronald Steffen, Joseph L. Hughes, Nick Cox, Paul Smith, Ron J. Pace, and Elmars Krausz

41 Structure-Function Correlations in the (A0 Æ A1 Æ Fx) Electron Transfer Kinetics of the Phylloquinone (A1) Acceptor in Cyanobacterial Photosystem I . . . . . . . . . 207Nithya Shrinivasan, Irina Karyagina, John H. Golbeck, and Dietmar Stehlik

42 Influence of the Protein Environment on the Regulation of the Photosystem II Activity – A Time-Resolved Fluorescence Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211Malwina Szczepaniak, Julia Sander, Marc Nowaczyk, Marc G. Müller, Matthias Rögner, and Alfred R. Holzwarth

43 Purification and Biochemical Characterization of PSI-LHCI Supercomplex in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215Mariko Sumimoto, Takahito Onishi, Jian-Ren Shen, and Yuichiro Takahashi

44 Reassessment of the Redox Potential of P740: The Primary Electron Donor in Photosystem I of the Chlorophyll d Containing Cyanobacterium, Acaryochloris marina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219Matthias Schenderlein, Marianne Çetin, Eberhard Schlodder, Samuel Benson, Prabhat K. Sharma, James Barber, and Alison Telfer

45 Identification of the Special Pair and ChlZ of photosystem II in Acaryochloris marina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223Tatsuya Tomo, Tatsunori Okubo, Seiji Akimoto, Hideaki Miyashita, Tohru Tsuchiya, Takumi Noguchi, and Mamoru Mimuro

46 Transient EPR Studies of In Vivo Uptake of Substituted Anthraquinones by Photosystem I in Phylloquinone Biosynthetic Pathway Mutants of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227Sara Chirico, Eric Drago, John H. Golbeck, Wade Johnson, and Art van der Est

47 Energetics of Photosystem II Charge Recombination in Acaryochloris marina Studied by Thermoluminescence and Flash Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231Imre Vass, Krisztián Cser, Alison Telfer, Samuel L. Benson, James Barber, and Zsuzsanna Deák

Contents ix

Section Three Structure and Function of Light Harvesting Complexes

1 Crystal Structures of the NblA Protein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237Monica Dines, Rakefet Schwarz, and Noam Adir

2 Molecular Basis of Antenna System Adaptation in a Chl d-Containing Organism . . . . . . 243Min Chen, Kathy Donohoe, Ben Crossett, Martin Schliep, and Tony Larkum

3 Structural Assessment of the Bacteriochlorophyll d Stacking in Chlorosomes from a C. tepidum Mutant with MAS NMR Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247Swapna Ganapathy, Michael Reus, Aline Gomez Maqueo Chew, Donald A. Bryant, Alfred R. Holzwarth, and Huub J. M. de Groot

4 Role of Echinenone in Fluorescence Quenching in IsiA Aggregates from Cyanobacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253Sandrine D’Haene, Kostas Tsoukatos, Stefania S. Lampoura, Hans C. P. Matthijs, and Jan P. Dekker

5 A Comparative MAS NMR Study of Bchl d and Bchl c Producing Mutants of C. tepidum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257Swapna Ganapathy, Michael Reus, Aline Gomez Maqueo Chew, Donald A. Bryant, Alfred R. Holzwarth, and Huub J. M. de Groot

6 Light-Harvesting and Photoprotection in Diatoms: Identification and Expression of L818-Like Proteins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261Song-Hua Zhu and Beverley R. Green

7 Coherent Spectroscopy of Carotenoid and Bacteriochlorophyll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265Mitsuru Sugisaki, Masazumi Fujiwara, Kazuhiro Yanagi, Ritsuko Fujii, Richard J. Cogdell, and Hideki Hashimoto

8 Purification and the Antenna Size of Photosystem I Complexes from a Centric Diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269Yohei Ikeda, Yasuhiro Kashino, Hiroyuki Koike, and Kazuhiko Satoh

9 Compositional Analysis of Carotenoids in a Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas sp. Strain Rits, upon Irradiated Light Intensity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273Tadashi Mizoguchi, Megumi Isaji, Jiro Harada, and Hitoshi Tamiaki

10 Specific Interaction Between CpcG2-Phycobilisome and Photosystem I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279Kumiko Kondo, Mitsunori Katayama, and Masahiko Ikeuchi

11 The Oligomeric Antenna of the Diatom P. tricornutum – Localisation of Diadinoxanthin Cycle Pigments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283Bernard Lepetit, Daniela Volke, Milán Szabó, Ralf Hoffmann, Gyözö Garab, Christian Wilhelm, and Reimund Goss

12 A Theoretical Model for Excitation Energy Transfer in Chlorosomes:Lamellar and Rod-Shaped Antenna Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287Linnanto Juha and Korppi-Tommola Jouko

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13 Electron Spin Density Distribution of the Carotenoid Triplet State in the Peridinin-Chlorophyll-Protein Antenna of Dinoflagellates Determined by Pulse ENDOR Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291Jens Niklas, Shipra Prakash, Tim Schulte, Maurice van Gastel, Eckhard Hofmann, and Wolfgang Lubitz

14 Investigating the Effect of Crystallization Conditions on the Validity of Phycocyanin Structural Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295Ailie McGregor, Liron David, and Noam Adir

15 Excitation Energy Transfer in PS I of the Cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421 That Lacks the Long-Wavelength Form of Chlorophyll a . . . . . . . . . 299Mamoru Mimuro, Michiya Higuchi, Hidetoshi Inoue, Makio Yokono, Tohru Tsuchiya, Hideaki Miyashita, and Seiji Akimoto

16 Probing the Carotenoid in Its Binding Site in a Reconstituted LH1 Complex from the Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum with Electroabsorption Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303Katsunori Nakagawa, Satoru Suzuki, Ritsuko Fujii, Alastair T. Gardiner, Richard J. Cogdell, Hideki Hashimoto, and Mamoru Nango

17 Regulation of Antenna Functions in Chlorophyll Assemblies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307Toru Oba, Koji Ogura, Manami Hiraide, Satoshi Ito, and Kazuhisa Hiratani

18 Binding Sites of Cadmium Ions Within Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311Marzena de Odrowąż Piramowicz, Ralph Bock, Aleksandra Orzechowska, Kazimierz Strzałka, and Květoslava Burda

19 Chlorosomal Self-aggregation of Zinc Chlorophyll Derivatives in the Presence of Cationic Surfactant Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Organosilanes in Aqueous Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315Yoshitaka Saga, Hiromu Kida, Yukihiro Nishikawa, and Hitoshi Tamiaki

20 Ultrafast Relaxation Dynamics of a Keto-Carotenoid, Siphonaxanthin, Probed by Time-Resolved Fluorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319Seiji Akimoto, Makio Yokono, Michiya Higuchi, Akio Murakami, Shinichi Takaichi, and Mamoru Mimuro

21 Kinetic Description of Energy and Charge Transfer Processes in PSI from Arabidopsis thaliana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323Chavdar Slavov, Marc G. Müller, Matteo Ballottari, Tomas Morosinotto, Roberto Bassi, and Alfred R. Holzwarth

22 Diversity and Localization of Bacteriochlorophylls Possessing Different 17-Propionate Groups in Purple Bacterial Antennae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327Tadashi Mizoguchi, Jiro Harada, Sayaka Yoshida, Megumi Isaji, and Hitoshi Tamiaki

23 Functional Identification of GDP-Fucose Synthase Gene in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. . . . 331Mari Mochimaru, Hajime Masukawa, Takashi Maoka, and Shinichi Takaichi

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24 Chiral Self-assembly of Synthetic Zinc Protobacteriochlorophyll-d Derivatives . . . . . . . . 335Hitoshi Tamiaki and Hajime Sumi

25 Excitation Energy Transfer in the Phycobiliprotein Antenna of Acaryochloris marina Studied by Transient fs Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339C. Theiss, F. J. Schmitt, S. Andree, C. Cardenas-Chavez, K. Wache, J. Fuesers, M. Vitali, M. Wess, S. Kussin, H. J. Eichler, and H.-J. Eckert

26 Unique Optical Properties of LHC II Isolated from Codium fragile – Its Correlation to Protein Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343Tohru Tsuchiya, Tatsuya Tomo, Seiji Akimoto, Akio Murakami, and Mamoru Mimuro

27 Modelling the Structure of the IsiA-PS I Supercomplex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347Yinan Zhang, Min Chen, Bret Church, Anthony W. D. Larkum, and Lars S. Jermiin

Section Four Oxygen Evolution

1 Purification and Crystallization of Photosystem II Dimer Complex from a Red Alga Cyanidium caldarium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353Hideyuki Adachi, Isao Enami, Takahiro Henmi, Nobuo Kamiya, and Jian-Ren Shen

2 A Detailed Structural Model for the Eukaryotic LHCII-PS II Supercomplex . . . . . . . . . . 357Jon Nield and James Barber

3 Ligation of the C-Terminus of the D1 Polypeptide of Photosystem II to the Oxygen Evolving Complex: A DFT-QM/MM Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363José A. Gascón, Eduardo M. Sproviero, James P. McEvoy, Gary W. Brudvig, and Victor S. Batista

4 Effects of Chloride/Bromide Substitution on Substrate Water Exchange Rates in Photosystem II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369Katrin Beckmann, Naoko Ishida, Alain Boussac, and Johannes Messinger

5 Photosystem II – Details of Cofactor-Protein Interactions in the Light of the 3 Å Resolution Crystal Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373Matthias Broser, Albert Guskov, Jan Kern, Junko Yano, Vittal Yachandra, Bernhard Loll, Jacek Biesiadka, Wolfram Saenger, and Athina Zouni

6 Functional Manganese Model Chemistry Relevant to the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II: Oxidation of a Mn(III,IV) Complex Coupled to Deprotonation of a Terminal Water Ligand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377Clyde W. Cady, Robert H. Crabtree, and Gary W. Brudvig

7 Photoactivation of the PSII Mn4-Ca: Error-Prone Metalloprotein Assembly?. . . . . . . . . . 383Robert L. Burnap

8 Ammonia-Induced Structural Changes of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex in Photosystem II Diminished at 277 K as Revealed by Light-Induced FTIR Difference Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389Hsin-Ho Huang, Tung-Hei Wang, and Hsiu-An Chu

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9 Eight Steps Preceding O-O Bond Formation in Oxygenic Photosynthesis – A Basic Reaction Cycle of the Photosystem II Manganese Complex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393Holger Dau and Michael Haumann

10 Photosystem II Function and Bicarbonate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397Yashar Feyziyev

11 Quantum Requirement for Oxygen Evolution in Photosystem II New Experimental Data and Theoretical Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401Mário Fragata and Venkataramanaiah Viruvuru

12 The Manganese Complex of Photosystem II: Extended-Range EXAFS Data and Specific Structural Models for Four S-States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405Alexander Grundmeier, Paola Loja, Michael Haumann, and Holger Dau 407

13 Current State of Crystallographic Studies on Cyanobacterial Photosystem II – In Search for Better Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409Albert Guskov, Jan Kern, Athina Zouni, and Wolfram Saenger

14 Cytochrome b-559 Is Important for Modulating Electron Transfer on the Acceptor Side of Photosystem II and for Photoprotection During Assembly of the Mn4Ca Complex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413Mary Hamilton, Emmanuel Franco, Zsuzsanna Deak, Imre Vass, and Peter Nixon

15 S-State Dependence of Misses in the OEC Probed by EPR Spectroscopy of Individual S-States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419Guangye Han, Susan F. Morvaridi, Felix Ho, Fikret Mamedov, and Stenbjörn Styring

16 The Mechanism Behind the Formation of the “Split S3” EPR Signal in Photosystem II Induced by Visible rr Near-Infrared Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423Kajsa G. V. Havelius, Ji-Hu Su, Felix M. Ho, Guangye Han, Fikret Mamedov, and Stenbjörn Styring

17 Substrate Water Oxygen Exchange in Photosystem II: Insights from Mutants and Ca vs. Sr Substitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427W. Hillier, I. McConnell, S. Singh, R. Debus, A. Boussac, and T. Wydrzynski

18 Access Channels and Methanol Binding Site to the CaMn4 Cluster in Photosystem II Based on Solvent Accessibility Simulations, with Implications for Substrate Water Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431Felix M. Ho and Stenbjörn Styring

19 Probing Tyrosine Z• of the Functional Photosystem II at Temperatures Close to the Onset of the S-state Transitions: An EPR Investigation Employing Rapid Scans. . 437Nikolaos Ioannidis, Georgia Zahariou, and Vasili Petrouleas

20 Crystallization and Crystal Structure Analysis of a Mutant Photosystem II Complex Lacking PsbI From Thermosynechococcus vulcanus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441Keisuke Kawakami, Yousuke Kawabata, Takahiro Henmi, Masako Iwai, Takashi Suemasu, Masahiko Ikeuchi, Nobuo Kamiya, and Jian-Ren Shen

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21 ESEEM Study of the Light-Induced Split S1 EPR Signal from Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . 445Fikret Mamedov, Kajsa G. V. Havelius, and Stenbjörn Styring

22 Insights into the Photosynthetic Water Oxidation Mechanism: Determination of the Dissociation Constants for the Substrate Water Binding Sites from 18O Isotope Exchange Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451Iain McConnell, Lars-Erik Andreasson, Tom Wydrzynski, and Warwick Hillier

23 The S-State Dependence of the Location and Affinity of the Protons Bound to the Manganese Cluster in Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455Hiroyuki Mino, Hiroiku Yamada, Shigeru Itoh, and Asako Kawamori

24 Calcium Requirement for S-State Transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459Mohamed Miqyass, Charles F. Yocum, and Hans J. van Gorkom

25 Role of Phosphatidylglycerol in Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . 463Naoki Mizusawa, Isamu Sakurai, Hisako Kubota, and Hajime Wada

26 Oxygen, Water, Proton and Quinone Channels in PSII. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467James Murray and James Barber

27 Isolation of PSII Retaining High Oxygen-Evolving Activity from a Marine Diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471Ryo Nagao, Takehiro Suzuki, Naoshi Dohmae, Akinori Okumura, Masako Iwai, Takeshi Takahashi, Yasuhiro Kashino, and Isao Enami

28 Cloning and Sequence Analyses of five Extrinsic Proteins in Diatom PSII. . . . . . . . . . . . . 475Akinori Okumura, Katsuyoshi Nakazato, Satoshi Yamagoe, Ryo Nagao, Takehiro Suzuki, Masako Iwai, and Isao Enami

29 Q-band Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of the S3 State of the OEC of Photosystem II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479Yiannis Sanakis, Josephine Sarrou, Georgia Zahariou, and Vasili Petrouleas

30 Oxidative Water Splitting in Photosynthesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483G. Renger

31 Identification of Functional Domains of PsbU in Red Algal PSII by Site-Directed Mutagenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487Masanori Sano, Akinori Okumura, Takehiro Suzuki, Masako Iwai, Hideyuki Adachi, Jian-Ren Shen, and Isao Enami

32 Effects of Lipase and Phospholipase-Treatments on PSII: Differences Between Thermophilic Cyanobacterial and Higher Plant PSII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491Jing Leng, Isamu Sakurai, Hajime Wada, and Jian-Ren Shen

33 Formate-Induced Release of Carbon Dioxide/Hydrogencarbonate from Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495Dmitriy Shevela, Vyacheslav Klimov, and Johannes Messinger

34 pH Dependence of the S0 Split EPR Signal in Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499Johannes Sjöhom, Kajsa G. V. Havelius, and Stenbjörn Styring

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35 Substrate Water Bound to the S2-State of the Mn4OxCa Cluster in Photosystem II Studied by Advanced Pulse EPR Spectroscopy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503Ji-Hu Su, Wolfgang Lubitz, and Johannes Messinger

36 The Photosynthetic Mn Complex in Its Reaction Cycle: An Attempt to Obtain Pure FTIR Difference Spectra for the Four Transitions Between Semi-Stable S-States and for QB Redox Transitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509Björn Süss and Holger Dau

37 FTIR Study on the Proton Release Pattern During Water Oxidation in Photosystem II Core Complexes from Thermosynechococcus elongatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513Hiroyuki Suzuki, Miwa Sugiura, and Takumi Noguchi

38 Structural Coupling of Water Molecules with YD in Photosystem II as Revealed by FTIR Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517Ryouta Takahashi, Miwa Sugiura, and Takumi Noguchi

39 IR-Induced Photochemistry in Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521Anders Thapper, Fikret Mamedov, and Stenbjörn Styring

40 Expression of the Manganese Stabilising Protein from a Primitive Cyanobacterium . . . . 525Adele Williamson, Warwick Hillier, and Tom Wydrzynski

41 Electronic Structure and Oxidation State Changes in the Mn4Ca Cluster of Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529Junko Yano, Yulia Pushkar, Johannes Messinger, Uwe Bergmann, Pieter Glatzel, and Vittal K. Yachandra

42 Structure of the Photosynthetic Mn4Ca Cluster Using X-ray Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . 533Junko Yano, Jan Kern, Kenneth Sauer, Yulia Pushkar, Uwe Bergmann, Pieter Glatzel, Johannes Messinger, Athina Zouni, and Vittal K. Yachandra

43 Functional Characterization of PsbO, the PSII Manganese Stabilizing Protein . . . . . . . . 539Hana Popelkova, Alan Commet, and Charles F. Yocum

44 The Progressive Exchange-Narrowing of the S0YZ• , S1YZ

• , and S2YZ• Spectra

Reveals the Unperturbed Spectrum of Tyr Z• in Oxygen Evolving PSII Preparations: A Rapid Scanning EPR Investigation in the Temperature Range 4.2–240 K . . . . . . . . . . . 543Georgia Zahariou, Nikolaos Ioannidis, G. Sioros, and Vasili Petrouleas

Section Five Electron Transport Operation, Organisation and Regulation

1 Bifurcated Electron Donations from Quinol Oxidoreductase and Soluble CycA to Cytochrome cz of the Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex in the Green Sulfur Bacterium Chlorobium tepidum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549Chihiro Azai, Yusuke Tsukatani, Ryo Miyamoto, Toru Kondo, Hiroumi Murakami, Shigeru Itoh, and Hirozo Oh-oka

2 Kinetic Simulations of the C-Subunit of the Bacterial Reaction Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553Torsten Becker and G. Matthias Ullmann

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3 Relationship of the In Vivo Bacteriochlorophyll Fluorescence and the State of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Purple Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559D. Bina, R. Litvin, and F. Vacha

4 Regulatory Function of Cytochrome b559 in Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563Kvètoslava Burda, Mark A. Schöttler, Aleksandra Orzechowska, Jerzy Kruk, Kazimierz Strzałka, and Ralph Bock

5 Structure of the Cytochrome b6 f Complex: n-Side Donor Pathway to the Plastoquinone Pool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569Eiki Yamashita, Huamin Zhang, Danas Baniulis, and William A. Cramer

6 Oscillating Yield of Flash-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Decay in Intact Cells of Thermosynechococcus elongatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573Zsuzsanna Deák and Imre Vass

7 Three-Dimensional Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging for Detecting Effects of Herbicide on a Whole Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577Akira Eguchi, Atsumi Konishi, Fumiki Hosoi, and Kenji Omasa

8 The Mehler Reaction in Chlamydomonas During Photosynthetic Induction and Steady-State Photosynthesis in Wild-Type and in a Mitochondrial Mutant . . . . . . . . 581Fabrice Franck and Pierre-Alain Houyoux

9 PetP, a New Cytochrome b6 f Subunit, and Cytochrome bd Oxidase – Two Potential Regulatory Players of Cyanobacterial Electron Transport? . . . . . . . . . . . . 585Meike Gendrullis, Nina Dyczmons, Dorothea Gomolla, Sven Gathmann, Gábor Bernát, Dirk Schneider, and Matthias Rögner

10 Electromagnetic Frequency Spectra of Samples Placed in a Coil That Senses the Electromagnetic Background Field: Application for Leaves, Chloroplasts and Molecules Useful in Photosynthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591Vasilij Goltsev, Merope Tsimilli-Michael, Petko Chernev, Ivelina Zaharieva, Margarita Kouzmanova, and Reto Jorg Strasser

11 Identification of Photosynthesis-Related Genes in Rice Using FOX Hunting System . . . . 597Mieko Higuchi, Keiko Matsui, Takanari Ichikawa, Youichi Kondou, Yukako Hasegawa, Mika Kawashima, Hirohiko Hirochika, and Minami Matsui

12 The Bottom Part of the g Subunit of F1-ATPase is Important for Catalytic Activity . . . . 601Hiroki Konno, Tomoe Murakami-Fuse, and Toru Hisabori

13 Effects of PsbP Knockdown on the Photosynthetic Electron Transfer in Nicotiana tabacum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605Kunio Ido, Kentaro Ifuku, Seiko Ishihara, Yumiko Yamamoto, Chikahiro Miyake, and Fumihiko Sato

14 Redox Regulation of Chloroplast Gene Expression in Wheat Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609Mubariz Ismayilov

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15 Photoinactivation of Ascorbate Peroxidase in Isolated Tobacco Chloroplasts: Galdieria partita APX Maintains Electron Flux Through the Water-Water Cycle in Transplastomic Tobacco Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613Hirosuke Kanamoto and Chikahiro Miyake

16 Preferential Decay of the CF1-e Subunit Induces Thylakoid Uncoupling in Wild Watermelon Under Drought Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617Kaori Kohzuma, Kinya Akashi, Yuri Munekage, Satoko Sanda, Tohru Hisabori, and Akiho Yokota

17 Investigation of the Function of a nuoE Homologue, sll1220 in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 by Means of Mutagenesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623Hiroyuki Koike, Md Rafiqul Islam, and Kazuhiko Satoh

18 Spatiotemporal Changes in PRI and NPQ Under Different Light Intensity Gradients on Leaf Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627Atsumi Konishi, Mashashi Munehiro, and Kenji Omasa

19 Thioredoxin Potential Target Proteins in Green Sulfur Bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631Naomi Hosoya-Matsuda, Toru Hisabori, and Kazuhito Inoue

20 −∆G and Temperature Dependencies of the Electron Transfer Rates Between P700+ and A1

− or Fes− in Photosystem I Containing Different Quinones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635Hiroumi Murakami, Yutaka Shibata, Hiroyuki Mino, and Shigeru Itoh

21 Equilibrium or Disequilibrium? A Dual-Wavelength Investigation of Photosystem I Donors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639Vello Oja, Hillar Eichelmann, and Agu Laisk

22 Characterization of Regulatory Factors of PGR5-Dependent PSI Cyclic Electron Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643Yuki Okegawa, Yugo Kagawa, Yoshichika Kobayashi, and Toshiharu Shikanai

23 Toward an Understanding of Ultrafast Electron Transfer in Photosynthesis . . . . . . . . . . . 647Gloria Olaso-González, Manuela Merchán, and Luis Serrano-Andrés

24 Development of a 3D Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope for Applying the Saturation Pulse Method to Chlorophyll a Fluorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653Kenji Omasa and Atsumi Konishi

25 Cu2+ Binding Sites in PSII. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657Aleksandra Orzechowska, Ralph Bock, Marzena de Odrowaž Piramowicz, Kazimierz Strzałka, and Kvètoslava Burda

26 Alteration of O-J-I-P Chlorophyll Induction Kinetics by Dichromate: An Effect on the Water-Splitting System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661Radovan Popovic, François Perreault, David Dewez, Dionne Jérome, and Philippe Juneau

Contents xvii

27 Ultrafast Optical Studies of the Cytochrome b6 f Complex in Solution and Crystalline States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667Naranbaatar Dashdorj, Eiki Yamashita, John Schaibley, William A. Cramer, and Sergei Savikhin

28 CRR1 Is Specifically Involved in Accumulation of the Chloroplast NDH Complex Despite Its Homology to DHPR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671Hideyuki Shimizu and Toshiharu Shikanai

29 Modulated Sink-Source Interactions Preserve PSII Electron Transport from Senescence-Induced Inactivation in a Model System with Expanded Life Span Induced by Decapitation of Bean Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675Ivan Yordanov, Vasilij Goltsev, Petko Chernev, Ivelina Zaharieva, Detelin Stefanov, and Reto Jorg Strasser

30 Imaging Heterogeneity of Xanthophyll-Independent Non-photochemical Quenching During Photosynthetic Induction in Shade-Grown Leaves of Avocado (Persea americana L.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681Kotaro Takayama, Barry Osmond, and Kenji Omasa

31 Dark Inactivation of Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase and Cyclic Electron Transport Under Far-Red Light in Sunflower Leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687Eero Talts, Vello Oja, Heikko Rämma, Bahtijor Rasulov, Agu Anijalg, and Agu Laisk

32 Naturally Occurring Alternative Electron Donors of Photosystem II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691Szilvia Z. Tóth, Jos Thomas Puthur, and Gyözö Garab

33 Experimental Resolution and Theoretical Complexity Determine the Amount of Information Extractable from the Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transient OJIP . . . . . . . . . . 697Merope Tsimilli-Michael and Reto J. Strasser

34 Reconstitution of Cyclic Electron Transport in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by a Cell-Free System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703Mai Watanabe, Yasuhiro Kashino, Kazuhiko Satoh, and Hiroyuki Koike

Section Six Assembly and Repair of Pigment–Protein Complexes

1 The Effect of Protein Synthesis Inhibitors on Recovery of Photodamaged Photosystem II in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Lacking PsbM or PsbT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711Fiona K. Bentley and Julian J. Eaton-Rye

2 The Effect of Removing Photosystem II Extrinsic Proteins on Dimer Formation and Recovery from Photodamage in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . 715Fiona K. Bentley and Julian J. Eaton-Rye

3 Functional Analysis of PsbZ in Photosystem II from the Thermophilic Cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719Masako Iwai, Takehiro Suzuki, Naoshi Dohmae, and Yasunori Inoue

4 ELIP/CAB-Type Proteins Associated with Photosystem II During Normal Growth of Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723Galyna Kufryk, Thomas Kieselbach, Wim Vermaas, and Christiane Funk

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5 Arabidopsis PsbOs Differ in Their GTPase Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729Björn Lundin, Sophie Thuswaldner, and Cornelia Spetea

6 Mutations in CP47 That Target Putative Hydrogen Bonds with Sulphoquinovosyl-Diacylglycerol at the Monomer-Monomer Interface of Photosystem II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733Hao Luo and Julian J. Eaton-Rye

7 Structural Analysis of an FtsH2/FtsH3 Complex Isolated from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737Myles Barker, Marko Boehm, Peter J. Nixon, and Jon Nield

8 Does Photoinactivation of Photosystem II Occur in Low Light Conditions? . . . . . . . . . . . 741Riichi Oguchi, Ichiro Terashima, and Wah Soon Chow

9 Role of the psbA Gene Family of PSII from the Thermophilic Cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745Julia Sander, Marc Nowaczyk, Marta Kopczak, and Matthias Rögner

10 Small Cab-Like Proteins (SCPs) Affect Synthesis but Not Degradation Rates of b-Carotene and Myxoxanthophyll in the Photosystem I-Less Strain of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749Dmitrii Vavilin and Wim Vermaas

Section Seven Membrane Dynamics and Organisation

1 Purified Heterocysts from Nostoc punctiforme Studied by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755Tanai Cardona, Stenbjörn Styring, Peter Lindblad, and Ann Magnuson

2 Below Ambient Levels of UV Induces Chloroplast Structural Change and Alters Starch Metabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759Wayne R. Fagerberg

3 Impaired Isoprenoid Biosynthesis: A Competitive Disadvantage Under Light Stress in Synechocystis PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763K. Poliquin, F. X. Cunningham Jr., I. MacDonald, R. R. Gantt, and E. Gantt

4 Three-Dimensional Architecture of the Granum-Stroma Thylakoid Membrane System Revealed by Electron Tomography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767László Mustárdy, Karolyn Buttle, Gábor Steinbach, and Győző Garab

5 3D Chloroplast Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771Rumak Izabela, Gieczewska Katarzyna, Kierdaszuk Borys, Mostowska Agnieszka, Gruszecki Wiesław Ignacy, and Garstka Maciej

6 Membrane Dynamics During the CT and CS Plants Chilling Revealed by FTIR Spectroscopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775Gieczewska Katarzyna, Kuta Anna, Gruszecki Wieslaw Ignacy, Rumak Izabela, Garstka Maciej, and Mostowska Agnieszka

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7 Investigating the Organization of Photosystem II in Spinach Photosynthetic Membranes by Atomic Force Microscopy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779Helmut Kirchhoff, Claudia Büchel, Lifeng Chi, Steven Lenhert, and Jon Nield

8 Possible Requirement of Galactolipids for Embryogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783Koichi Kobayashi and Hiroyuki Ohta

9 A Line-Scanning Multiphoton Fluorescence Spectromicroscope Applied to the Study of the Thylakoid Membrane in Chloroplasts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787Shigeichi Kumazaki, Makotoh Hasegawa, Takahiko Yoshida, Taro Taniguchi, Takashi Shiina, and Isamu Ikegami

10 Arrangement of Chlorophyll–Protein Complexes Determines Chloroplast Structure. . . . 791Rumak Izabela, Gieczewska Katarzyna, Kozioł-Lipinska Joanna, Kierdaszuk Borys, Mostowska Agnieszka, and Garstka Maciej

11 Difference in SQDG Metabolism Between Green Algae and Cyanobacteria Under the Sulfur-Starved Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795Norihiro Sato, Ryouhei Kamimura, Kouichi Sugimoto, and Mikio Tsuzuki

12 Sulfolipid Requirement for Protein Synthesis Under the Sulfur-Starved Condition in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799Koichi Sugimoto, Norihiro Sato, and Mikio Tsuzuki

Volume II

Section Eight CO2 Diffusion, Gas Exchange and the Role of Stomata

1 Relationship Between Mesophyll Conductance to CO2 Diffusion and Contents of Aquaporin Localized at Plasma Membrane in Tobacco Plants Grown Under Drought Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805Shin-Ichi Miyazawa, Satomi Yoshimura, Yuki Shinzaki, Masayoshi Maeshima, and Chikahiro Miyake

2 A Highly Embryogenic Line of the Legume Model Medicago truncatula, M9–10a: Performance Under Water Deficit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 809Cátia Nunes, Susana Araújo, Jorge Marques da Silva, Pedro Fevereiro, and Anabela Bernardes da Silva

Section Nine CO2-Concentrating Mechanisms

1 Oxalate Decarboxylase is Involved in Turnover of 2-Phosphoglycolate in Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815Marion Eisenhut, Hans C. P. Matthijs, Hermann Bauwe, and Martin Hagemann

2 Arabidopsis Mutants with Strongly Reduced Levels of the T-Protein Subunit of Glycine Decarboxylase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 819Nadja Engel, Marion Eisenhut, Nan Qu, and Hermann Bauwe

3 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Has Genes For Both Glycolate Oxidase and Glycolate Dehydrogenase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823Lauren Chauvin, Baran Tural, and James V. Moroney

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4 Expression of Inducible Inorganic Carbon Acquisition Complexes Is Under the Control of the FtsH Protease in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829Pengpeng Zhang, Cosmin I. Sicora, Natalia Vorontsova, Yagut Allahverdiyeva, Natalia Battchikova, Peter J. Nixon, and Eva-Mari Aro

Section Ten CAM and C4

1 Study of the Structure–Function Relationship in Maize NADP-Malic Enzyme . . . . . . . . . 837Enrique Detarsio, Clarisa E. Alvarez, Mariana Saigo, María F. Drincovich, and Carlos S. Andreo

2 Light Dependences of the CO2 Leakiness, Quantum Yield of CO2 Fixation and Activation State of Key Enzymes in a C4 Plant, Amaranthus cruentus, Grown in High- and Low-Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841Youshi Tazoe, Yuko Hanba T., Tsuyoshi Furumoto, Ko Noguchi, and Ichiro Terashima

3 An Increase in Expression of Pyruvate Pi Dikinase Corresponds to Cold-Tolerant C4 Photosynthesis of Miscanthus x giganteus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845Dafu Wang, Archie R. Portis Jr., Stephen P. Moose, and Stephen P. Long

Section Eleven The C3 Cycle. Limitation and Regulation

1 Rubisco Activity is Related to Photosystem I in Leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 853Hillar Eichelmann, Eero Talts, Vello Oja, Bahtijor Rasulov, Evi Padu, and Agu Laisk

2 The Temperature Response of Photosynthesis and Metabolites in Anti-RbcS Tobacco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 857David S. Kubien and Rowan F. Sage

3 Does Rubisco Limit the Rate of Photosynthesis? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 863Yehouda Marcus, Hagit Altman-Gueta, Ainit Snir, Yael Wolff, and Michael Gurevitz

4 Improvement of Cyanobacterial Rubisco by Introducing the Latch Structure Involved in High Affinity for CO2 in Red Algal Rubisco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 867Nana Ninomiya, Hiroki Ashida, and Akiho Yokota

5 New Insight into the Calvin Cycle Regulation – Glutathionylation of Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase in Response to Illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 871Masayoshi Matsumoto and Ken’ichi Ogawa

6 Evolutionary Potential of Rubisco-Like Protein in Bacillus subtilis: Interaction with Transition-State Analog of Rubisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875Yohtaro Saito, Hiroki Ashida, Agnieszka Sekowska, Antoine Danchin,and Akiho Yokota

7 Molecular Properties of Chloroplastic CP12 and Its Role in the Assembling of a Supramolecular Complex of Calvin Cycle Enzymes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881Lucia Marri, Paolo Trost, Leonardo Gonnelli, Paolo Pupillo, and Francesca Sparla

8 Increased Rubisco Content in Transgenic Rice Transformed with “Sense” rbcS Gene . . . 885Yuji Suzuki, Maki Ohkubo, Hanako Hatakeyama, Keiko Ohashi, Ryuichi Yoshizawa, Soichi Kojima, Toshihiko Hayakawa, Tomoyuki Yamaya, Tadahiko Mae, and Amane Makino

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Section Twelve Starch and Sucrose

1 Sugar Regulation of the Redox State in Chloroplast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 891Juan de Dios Barajas-López, Antonio Jesús Serrato, Ana Chueca, and Mariam Sahrawy

2 Effects of Cytosolic FBPase on Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism Under High CO2 Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895Masahiro Tamoi, Yoshie Hiramatsu, Shigeki Nedachi, Tomoki Tabuchi, Kumi Otori, and Shigeru Shigeoka

Section Thriteen Interactions Between Electron Transport and Stromal Reactions

1 Redox Effects on Chloroplast Protein Synthesis and Phosphorylation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903Carol A. Allen and John F. Allen

2 Characterization of the Ternary Complex Formed by Ferredoxin: Thioredoxin Reductase, Ferredoxin and Thioredoxin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 909Xingfu Xu, Marcellus Ubbink, Peter Schürmann, Sung-Kun Kim, Masakazu Hirasawa, Jatindra Tripathy, and David B. Knaff

3 Alternative and Cyclic Electron Flow: Rate and Role in Potato Leaves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 913Agu Laisk, Vello Oja, and Hillar Eichelmann

4 Properties and Physiological Function of a Super Complex of NDH-1 Specifically Oxidized NADPH in Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 917Weimin Ma, Teruo Ogawa, Yong Deng, and Hualing Mi

5 Coupled Regulation of Cyclic Electron Flow Around PSI with Photosynthesis – Its Contribution to Non-photochemical Quenching Evidenced with Transplastomic Tobacco Plants Over-Expressing Ferredoxin in Chloroplasts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 923Chikahiro Miyake

6 Functional Analysis of HCF164, a Thioredoxin-Like Protein in the Thylakoid Lumen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 929Ken Motohahi and Toru Hisabori

7 Structural and Functional Characterization of Leaf-Type Ferredoxin-NADP+-Oxidoreductase Isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933Minna Lintala, Yagut Allahverdiyeva, Nina Lehtimäki, Eva-Mari Aro, and Paula Mulo

8 How Does Impairment of PGR5-Dependent Cyclic Electron Transport Around Photosystem I Impact on Photosynthesis and Growth of Arabidopsis thaliana?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937Yuri Nakajima Munekage, Bernard Genty, and Gilles Peltier

9 Excess Light-Induced Molecular Responses of Chloroplast Rieske FeS Protein . . . . . . . . 941Satoko Sanda, Yuri Nakajima Munekage, Kazuo Yoshida, Kinya Akashi, and Akiho Yokota

10 Chl a Fluorescence and 820 nm Transmission Changes Occurring During a Dark-to-Light Transition in Pine Needles and Pea Leaves: A Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . 945Gert Schansker, Yuxin Yuan, and Reto J. Strasser

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11 Overexpression of Ferredoxin in Tobacco Chloroplasts Stimulates Cyclic Electron Flow Around Photosystem I (CEF-PSI) and Enhances Non-Photochemical Quenching (NPQ) of Chl Fluorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951Hiroshi Yamamoto and Chikahiro Miyake

Section Fourteen Metabolic Integration

1 Identification of Genes and Functional Characterization of Proteins Involved in Polyphosphate Metabolism in Photosynthetic Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957Tomás Albi-Rodríguez and Aurelio Serrano

2 Structure-Function Relationship Studies of the Four Arabidopsis thaliana NADP-Malic Enzyme Isoforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965Mariel C. Gerrard Wheeler, Cintia Arias, Verónica G. Maurino, Ulf-Ingo Flügge, Carlos S. Andreo, and María F. Drincovich

3 Malate and Fumarate Emerge as Key Players in Primary Metabolism: Arabidopsis thaliana Overexpressing C4-NADP-ME Offer a Way to Manipulate the Levels of Malate and to Analyse the Physiological Consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 971Holger Fahnenstich, Mariana Saigo, Carlos Andreo, María F. Drincovich, Ulf-Ingo Flügge, and Verónica G. Maurino

4 Chloroplast NADPH Thioredoxin Reductase: A Novel Modulator of Plastidial Amino Acid and Hormone Metabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 977Eevi Rintamäki, Anna Lepistö, Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi, Briitta Ruokamo, Nina Sipari, and Markku Keinänen

5 Regulation of Photosynthesis via PSI Cyclic Electron Transport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 981Toshiharu Shikanai and Yuki Okegawa

6 The Fate of Absorbed Photons is Determined by the Species-Specific and Nutrient-Dependent Variability in Algae Grown Under Dynamic Light Conditions. . . . . 987Torsten Jakob, Heiko Wagner, Katja Stehfest, and Christian Wilhelm

Section Fifteen Regulation of Light Harvesting

1 Non-photochemical-quenching Mechanisms in the Cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993Leyla Abasova, Clemence Boulay, Imre Vass, and Diana Kirilovsky

2 Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) Related NPQ in Synechocystis PCC 6803 OCP-Phycobilisomes Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 997Clémence Boulay, Adjélé Wilson, and Diana Kirilovsky

3 Is qE Always the Major Component of Non-photochemical Quenching?. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1001N. D’Ambrosio, C. R. Guadagno, and A. Virzo De Santo

4 The Effect of pH on the Nonphotochemical Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Thylakoid Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1005Young-Jae Eu, Sujata R. Mishra, Ismayil S. Zulfugarov, Chin Bum Lee, and Choon-Hwan Lee

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5 Involvement of TSP9 Phosphoprotein in Balancing the Photosynthetic Light Harvesting Process in Arabidopsis thaliana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1009Rikard Fristedt, Inger Carlberg, Agnieszka Zygadlo, Henrik Vibe Scheller, and Alexander V. Vener

6 Evidence for a Fast, Xanthophyll Cycle Independent NPQ Mechanism in the Diatom C. meneghiniana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1013Irina Grouneva, Torsten Jakob, Christian Wilhelm, and Reimund Goss

7 Dissociation of Light-Harvesting Complex II from Photosystem II During State Transitions in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1017Masakazu Iwai and Jun Minagawa

8 Drought-Induced Ultra-Fast Fluorescence Quenching in Photosystem II in Lichens Revealed by Picosecond Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectrophotometry . . . . 1023Masayuki Komura, Ikuko Iwasaki, and Shigeru Itoh

9 Simulation of Excitation Energy Transfer within the PSI-LHCI/II Supercomplex from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1027Makio Yokono, Masakazu Iwai, Seiji Akimoto, and Jun Minagawa

10 Dynamics of the Truncated Lutein Epoxide Cycle in Avocado (Persea americana L.); Implications for Efficiency of Light Harvesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1031Osmond C. B., Förster B., and Pogson B. J.

11 Carotenoid-Induced Non-Photochemical Fluorescence Quenching in Phycobilisomes of the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1035Marina Rakhimberdieva, Yulia Bolychevtseva, Irina Elanskaya, and Navassard Karapetyan

12 Mechanisms of Photosynthetic Apparatus Acclimation of C4 Plants to different Irradiances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039Elžbieta Romanowska, Anna Drožak, Marta Powikrowska, Maksymilian Zienkiewicz, and Berenika Pokorska

13 Analysis of the N-Terminal Domain of Chlorophyllide a Oxygenase by Random Mutagenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1043Yasuhito Sakuraba, Akihiro Yamasato, Ryouichi Tanaka, and Ayumi Tanaka

14 Suppression of CP29 Causes Instability of the PSI-LHCI/II Supercomplex in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Under State 2 Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1047Ryutaro Tokutsu, Masakazu Iwai, and Jun Minagawa

Section Sixteen Metabolite Transport and Intracellular Interactions

1 Photosynthetic Efficiency During the Cell Cycle of the Green Alga Desmodesmus armatus Reaches Maxima in G1 Phases and Minima in G1/S Transients . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1053Krystyna Matusiak-Mikulin, Cecylia Tukaj, and Zbigniew Tukaj

2 Multiple Factors Mediate the Cross Talk Between Mitochondrial Metabolism and Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation: Roles of Photorespiratory CO2 and Ascorbate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1057K. Riazunnisa, L. Padmavathi, B. Sunil, and Agepati S. Raghavendra

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3 Localization and Functional Studies of the Arabidopsis Anion Transporter 1 . . . . . . . . . 1063Lorena Ruiz Pavón, Arti Mishra, Fredrik Lundh, Bengt L. Persson, and Cornelia Spetea

4 Screening for Solute Transporters in Plant Photosynthetic Membranes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1067Cornelia Spetea, Lorena Ruiz Pavón, Sophie Thuswaldner, Björn Lundin, Fredrik Lundh, Bengt L. Persson, Benoît Schoefs, and Iwona Adamska

5 Functional Analysis of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain as a Dissipation System of Excess Light Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1071Keisuke Yoshida, Ichiro Terashima, and Ko Noguchi

Section Seventeen Biogenesis of Photosynthetic Apparatus

1 Analysis of the Effect of Elevated Cytokinin Content on the Photosynthetic Apparatus Using Blue Native PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1077Anne Cortleven and Roland Valcke

2 Chlorophyll a Biosynthesis Under Anaerobic Environments in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1081Kei Minamizaki, Takeaki Goto, and Yuichi Fujita

3 Functional Analysis of Two PsbP-Like (PPL) Proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana . . . . . . . . 1085Seiko Ishihara, Atsushi Takabayashi, Tsuyoshi Endo, Kentaro Ifuku, and Fumihiko Sato

4 Slr1923 of Synechocystis 6803 Is Related to Chlorophyll a Metabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1089Md. Rafiqul Islam, Yasuhiro Kashino, Kazuhiko Satoh, and Hiroyuki Koike

5 Gene Hunting by Complementation of Pooled Chlamydomonas Mutants. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1093Xenie Johnson, Richard Kuras, Francis-André Wollman, and Olivier Vallon

6 Thioredoxin Interactions of the Chloroplast Lumen of Arabidopsis thaliana Indicate a Redox Regulation of the Xanthophyll Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1099Michael Hall, Wolfgang P. Schröder, and Thomas Kieselbach

7 Preliminary Characterization of NADPH: Protochlorophyllide Oxidoreductase (POR) from the Cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violaceus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1103Rei Ikeda, Shinji Masuda, Tohru Tsuchiya, Mamoru Mimuro, Hiroyuki Ohta, and Ken-ichiro Takamiya

8 Biochemical Analysis of Two Catalytic Components of Nitrogenase-Like Enzymes Protochlorophyllide Reductase and Chlorophyllide a Reductase from Rhodobacter capsulatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1107Jiro Nomata, Masaharu Kitashima, Takuro Ogawa, Kazuhito Inoue, and Yuichi Fujita

9 Isolation and Characterization of Genes Necessary for the Achievement of Rubisco Accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1111Taro Ogawa, Kenji Nishimura, Hiroki Ashida, and Akiho Yokota

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10 Excitation Pressure Regulates Variegation in the immutans Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1115Dominic Rosso, Diego Saccon, Lori Schillaci, Shelly Wang, Wenze Li, Steven R. Rodermel, Denis P. Maxwell, and Norman P. A. Huner

11 Importance of the Balance Between Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Chloroplasts Revealed by the Studies of Arabidopsis Yellow Variegated Mutants. . . . . 1121Eiko Miura, Yusuke Kato, and Wataru Sakamoto

12 The Function of MgDVP in a Chlorophyll d-Containing Organism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1125Martin Schliep, Min Chen, Anthony Larkum, and Rosanne Quinnell

13 Knockout of AtFKBP13 Proves Degeneration of Prolyl Isomerase Activity in the Thylakoid Lumen of Arabidopsis thaliana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1129Alexey Shapiguzov, Björn Ingelsson, and Alexander V. Vener

14 Chlorophyll Accumulation, Protochlorophyllide Formation and Prolamellar Body Conversion are Held Back in Wheat Leaves Exposed to High Salt Stress . . . . . . . 1133Amal F. Abdelkader, Henrik Aronsson, Katalin Solymosi, Bela Böddi, and Christer Sundqvist

15 Localization of Obg-Hflx and TrmE-Era Super Family Small GTPases in Various Organelles in Plant Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1137I. Nengah Suwastika, Masatsugu Denawa, Akira Hata, Ryosuke L. Ohniwa, Kunio Takeyasu, and Takashi Shiina

16 Thermal Stability of Protein Import into Chloroplasts in Response to Temperature Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1141Siddhartha Dutta, Sasmita Mohanty, and Baishnab C. Tripathy

17 CaS – A Novel Phosphoprotein in Thylakoids of Arabidopsis thaliana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1145Julia Vainonen, Virpi Paakkarinen, and Eva-Mari Aro

18 Identification of a Chloroplast-Localized SAP Domain Containing Protein in Arabidopsis thaliana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1149Yusuke Yagi, Yoko Ishizaki, and Takashi Shiina

Section Eighteen Origin and Evolution of Photosynthetic Systems

1 Redox Switches and Evolutionary Transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1155John F. Allen, Carol A. Allen, and Sujith Puthiyaveetil

2 Ketocarotenoids in Chlorosomes of the Acidobacterium Candidatus Chloracidobacterium Thermophilum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1161Amaya M. Garcia Costas, Joel E. Graham, and Donald A. Bryant

3 Conversion of Chl a into Chl d by Heat-Treated Papain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1165Sohjiro Fukuyo, Shunsuke Ohashi, Koji Iwamoto, Yoshihiro Shiraiwa, and Masami Kobayashi

4 Origin and Evolution of Photosynthesis: Clues from Genome Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . 1169Armen Y. Mulkidjanian, Eugene V. Koonin, Kira S. Makarova, Robert Haselkorn, and Michael Y. Galperin

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5 Succession of Co-factors in Photosystem I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177Shunsuke Ohashi, Tohru Tsuchiya, Koji Iwamoto, Hideaki Miyashita, Tadashi Watanabe, Yoshihiro Shiraiwa, Mamoru Mimuro, and Masami Kobayashi

6 A Bacterial-Type Sensor Kinase Couples Electron Transport to Gene Expression in Chloroplasts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1181Sujith Puthiyaveetil and John F. Allen

7 Inorganic Complexes Enabled the Onset of Life and Oxygenic Photosynthesis. . . . . . . . 1187Michael J. Russell, John F. Allen, and E. James Milner-White

8 Evolution of the Light Responsive psbD Promoter in Chloroplast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1193S. Shimmura, M. Nozoe, and T. Shiina

Section Nineteen Organelle Communication

1 GUN1 (GENOMES UNCOUPLED1) Encodes a Pentatricopeptide Repeat (PPR) Protein Involved in Plastid Protein Synthesis-Responsive Retrograde Signaling to the Nucleus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1201Amanda J. Cottage, Ellie K. Mott, Jun-Hui Wang, James A. Sullivan, Dan MacLean, Linh Tran, Mun-Kit Choy, Christine Newell, Tony A. Kavanagh, Sue Aspinall, and John C. Gray

2 Visualization of Rubisco-Containing Bodies Derived from Chloroplasts in Living Cells of Arabidopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1207Hiroyuki Ishida, Kohki Yoshimoto, Daniel Reisen, Amane Makino, Yoshinori Ohsumi, Maureen R. Hanson, and Tadahiko Mae

3 PPR Proteins Function as a Trans-Factor in Chloroplast RNA Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1211Kenji Okuda and Toshiharu Shikanai

4 A Robust Method for Determination of Chlorophyll Intermediates by Tandem Mass Spectrometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1215Michael Moulin and Alison G. Smith

Section Twenty Photosynthesis A Fundamental Tool for Modern Agriculture and Forestry

1 Genetic Engineering of “C4 Rice”: Expression of Maize PEP Carboxykinase in Rice Mesophyll Chloroplast to Raise CO2 Concentration and Photosynthesis . . . . . . 1225Yu-rong Huang, Yujia Wu, Katsura Izui, and Maurice S. B. Ku

2 Developmental Changes in Leaf Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice Cultivated in Venezuela: Historical Trends Over the Past 50 Years . . . . . . . . . . . 1231Alejandro J. Pieters, Shaybeth Irazábal, Eduardo Graterol, Geraldinee Bernal, and Malfy Benitez

3 Harnessing Photosynthesis in Tomorrow’s World: Humans, Crop Production and Poverty Alleviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1237John E. Sheehy, Anaida B. Ferrer, and P. L. Mitchell

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4 Transgenic Rice Expressing Cyanobacterial Bicarbonate Transporter Exhibited Enhanced Photosynthesis, Growth and Grain Yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1243Shih-May Yang, Chia-Yen Chang, Makoto Yanagisawa, Il Park, Tung-Hai Tseng, and Maurice S. B. Ku

5 Application of Photosynthetic Parameters in the Screening of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Improved Drought and High Temperature Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1247Marek Zivcak, Marian Brestic, and Katarina Olsovska

Section Twenty One Artificial Photosynthesis

1 Visible Light Induced Water Oxidation in Photosynthesis from Green Plants. . . . . . . . . 1253Yutaka Amao and Ami Ohashi

2 De novo Peptides Modeling the Binding Sites of [4Fe-4S] Clusters in Photosystem I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1257Mikhail L. Antonkine, Christoph Breitenstein, Boris Epel, Eckhard Bill, Wolfgang Gärtner, and Wolfgang Lubitz

3 Designing Artificial Photosynthesis: Production of a Light-Activated Metalloprotein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1261Brendon Conlan, Warwick Hillier, and Tom Wydrzynski

4 Charge Separation and Charge Compensation in Artificial Photosynthetic Complexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1267Ann Magnuson, Reiner Lomoth, Magnus Falkenström, Gerriet Eilers, Olof Johansson, Magnus Anderlund, Stenbjörn Styring, and Leif Hammarström

5 Sensitization of Light-Induced Charge Separation in Photosystem I by Synthetic Fluorescent Dyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1273Akimasa Nakamura, Shinji Mizoguchi, Yoshitaka Miyajima, Yuki Kato, and Tadashi Watanabe

6 Improvement of Nitrogenase-Based Photobiological Hydrogen Production by Cyanobacteria by Gene Engineering – Hydrogenases and Homocitrate Synthase . . . 1277H. Sakurai, H. Masukawa, Xh Zhang, H. Ikeda, and K. Inoue

7 Oxygen Evolving Reactions by Synthetic Manganese Complexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1281Stenbjörn Styring, Katrin Beckmann, Gustav Berggren, Hannes Uchtenhagen, Magnus Anderlund, Anders Thapper, Johannes Messinger, and Philipp Kurz

8 Syntheses and Photochemical Properties of Trimanganese Complexes Containing Naphtyl Moieties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1285Shigenobu Yano, Misaki Nakai, Hiromi Ohi, Takuzo Funabiki, Rika Tanaka, Isamu Kinoshita, and Makoto Obata

Section Twenty Two Perception of the Environment and Signalling

1 Photoreaction of Cyanobacterial BLUF Protein PixD Studied by Low Temperature Spectroscopy and Site-Directed Mutagenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1291Yoshimasa Fukushima, Yoshiya Murai, Koji Okajima, Masahiko Ikeuchi, and Shigeru Itoh

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2 Light Acclimation of Leaf Chlorophyll Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1295Lea Hallik and Olevi Kull

3 Effect of Action Potential on Photosynthesis and Proton Transport in the Plant Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1299Natalia Krupenina and Alexander Bulychev

4 Chloroplastic NADPH Thioredoxin Reductase Mediates Photoperiod-Dependent Development of Leaves in Arabidopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1303Anna Lepistö, Saijaliisa Kangasjärvi, Eeva-Maria Luomala, Kati Hännikäinen, Günter Brader, and Eevi Rintamäki

5 Characterization of a T-DNA Inserted STN8 Kinase Mutant of Oryza sativa L. . . . . . . . 1307Krishna Nath, Sujata R. Mishra, Ismayil S. Zulfugarov, Sharif-Ar-Raffi, Chin-Bum Lee, Gynheung An, and Choon-Hwan Lee

6 Role of Elongation Factor G in the Inhibition of the Synthesis of the D1 Protein of Photosystem II Under Oxidative Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1313Kouji Kojima, Masaru Oshita, Hidenori Hayashi, and Yoshitaka Nishiyama

7 Ozone Effects on the Metabolism and the Antioxidant System of Poplar Leaves at Different Stages of Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1317Isabel Nogués, Silvano Fares, Elina Oksanen, and Francesco Loreto

8 Functional Analysis of an 8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydro-2’-Deoxyguanosine 5’-Triphosphate Pyrophosphohydrolase, AtNUDX1, Involved in Repair of Oxidative DNA Damage in Arabidopsis thaliana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1323Takahisa Ogawa, Kazuya Yoshimura and Shigeru Shigeoka

9 Stress Regulated DnaK Expression in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1327Eva Rupprecht, Eva Fuhrmann, and Dirk Schneider

10 KIN10/11 Are Master Regulators of the Convergent Stress Transcriptome . . . . . . . . . . . 1331Elena Baena-González, Filip Rolland, and Jen Sheen

11 Allelopathic Inhibition by Scenedesmus obliquus of Photosynthesis and Growth of Microcystis aeruginosa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1339Xiao-Hui Jia, Ding-Ji Shi, Rui-Juan Kang, Hui-Min Li, Yu Liu, Zhen-Zhen An, Si-Si Wang, Dong-Hui Song, and Gui-Sen Du

12 The Mehler Reaction as an Essential Link Between Environmental Stress and Chloroplast Redox Signaling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1343Irina Strizh

13 Identification of Interacting Factors with a High-Light Responsible SR Protein, at SR45a, Involved in the Regulation of Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis . . . . . . . . . . 1347Noriaki Tanabe, Ayako Kimura, Kazuya Yoshimura, and Shigeru Shigeoka

14 The SigB Sigma Factor of the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Is Necessary for Adaptation to High-Salt Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1351Maija Pollari and Taina Tyystjärvi

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15 The Adaptation Mechanism to Copper Deficiency via MicroRNA in Arabidopsis . . . . . . 1355Hiroaki Yamasaki, Salah E. Abdel-Ghany, Christopher M. Cohu, Yoshichika Kobayashi, Marinus Pilon, and Toshiharu Shikanai

16 Applications of Green Mutants Isolated from Purple Bacteria as a Host for Colorimetric Whole-Cell Biosensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1359Kazuyuki Yoshida, Daiki Yoshioka, Koichi Inoue, Shinichi Takaichi, and Isamu Maeda

Section Twenty Three Global Climate Change

1 No Down-Regulation of Photosynthesis in the Offspring of Rice Grown Under Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1367Gen-Yun Chen, Zhen-Hua Yong, Yong Han, Gang Liu, Dao-Yun Zhang, Yue Chen, Juan Chen, Jian-Guo Zhu, and Da-Quan Xu

2 Effects of an Extended Drought Period on Grasslands at Various Altitudes in Switzerland: A Field Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1371Constant Signarbieux and Urs Feller

3 CO2 Enrichment Modulates Both Protease and Proteinase Inhibitors in Maize . . . . . . . 1375Anneke Prins, Paul Verrier, Karl J. Kunert, and Christine H. Foyer

4 The Effects of Elevated CO2 on Tropical Trees Are Related to Successional Status and Soil Nutritional Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1379Carlos Alberto Martinez, Eduardo Dias de Oliveira, Jose Renato Legracie Jr., and Andressa Approbato

5 Modification of Photosynthesis Temperature Response to Long-Term Growth in Elevated CO2 and Temperature in Wheat Field Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1383Aitor Alonso, Pilar Pérez, Rosa Morcuende, Angel L. Verdejo, and Rafael Martinez-Carrasco

6 FLEX – Fluorescence Explorer: A Remote Sensing Approach to Quantify Spatio-Temporal Variations of Photosynthetic Efficiency from Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1387Uwe Rascher, Beniamino Gioli, and Franco Miglietta

7 Photoprotective Role of Endolithic Algae Colonized in Coral Skeleton for the Host Photosynthesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1391Seitaro S. Yamazaki, Takashi Nakamura, and Hideo Yamasaki

Section Twenty Four Photosynthetic Mechanisms Under Stress Regulation and Improvement

1 Physiological and Photosynthetic Toxicity of Thallium in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1399Motohide Aoki, Hitoshi Suematsu, Hidetoshi Kumata, and Kitao Fujiwara

2 Paraheliotropism in Robinia pseudoacacia Plants: An Efficient Meansto Cope with Photoinhibition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1403Carmen Arena, Luca Vitale, and Amalia Virzo De Santo

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3 Functional Study of PS II and PS I Energy Use and Dissipation Mechanisms in Barley Wild Type and Chlorina Mutants Under High Light Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . 1407Marian Brestic, Marek Zivcak, Katarina Olsovska, and Jana Repkova

4 Response to Ozone of Fagus sylvatica L. Seedlings Under Competition, in an Open-Top Chamber Experiment: A Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analysis . . . . . . . . 1413Filippo Bussotti, Chiara Cascio, Reto J. Strasser, and Kristopher Novak

5 Variability of Photosynthetic Performances in Tree Seedlings Under Ozone and Water Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1417Chiara Cascio, Filippo Bussotti, Reto J. Strasser, and Riccardo Marzuoli

6 A Universal Correlation Between Flash-Induced P700 Redox Kinetics and Photoinactivation of Photosystem II in All Leaves? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1421Pasquale Losciale, Riichi Oguchi, Luke Hendrickson, Alexander B. Hope, Luca Corelli-Grappadelli, and Wah Soon Chow

7 Oxygen Evolution and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Under Extreme Desiccation in the Aquatic Bryophyte Fontinalis antipyretica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1425Ricardo Duarte Cruz, Cristina Branquinho, and Jorge Marques da Silva

8 Growth and Gas Exchange Response of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivars Grown Under Salt Stress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1431Alireza Dadkhah and Seyed Hashem Moghtader

9 Effect of Herbicides (Diuron and Oxadiazon) on Photosynthetic Energy Dissipation Processes of Different Species of Cyanobacteria and Two Green Algae . . . . 1435Charles P. Deblois, Baosheng Qiu, and Philippe Juneau

10 Evaluation of Early Vigour and Photosynthesis of Industrial Chicory in Relation to Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1439S. Devacht, P. Lootens, L. Carlier, J. Baert, J. Van Waes, and E. Van Bockstaele

11 Maize (Zea maize L.) Performance Under Drought: Decreased Photosynthetic Area vs. Decreased Efficiency of PSII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1445Hamid Reza Ashghizadeh and Parviz Ehsanzadeh

12 Differential Sensitivity of the Photosynthetic Apparatus of a Freshwater Green Alga and of Duckweed Exposed to Salinity and Heavy Metal Stress . . . . . . . . . . . 1451Laszlo Fodorpataki and Laszlo Bartha

13 Magnesium Chemical Rescue to Cobalt-Poisoned Cells from Rhodobacter sphaeroides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1455Livia Giotta, Francesca Italiano, Alessandro Buccolieri, Angela Agostiano, Francesco Milano, and Massimo Trotta

14 Water Stress Induced Thermotolerance of Photosynthesis in Two Bean Varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1459Javiera González-Cruz and Claudio Pastenes

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