physical and chemical properties and changes. matter: anything that has mass and takes up space...
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![Page 1: Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes. Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space –Mass – the amount of matter in something –Volume – the](https://reader037.vdocuments.net/reader037/viewer/2022100509/56649f335503460f94c50405/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes
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• Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space– Mass – the amount of matter in something– Volume – the amount of space something
occupies
• Which of the following is matter?– A car?– A box?– You?
Reviewing MATTER
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What is a property?
• Property: a characteristic of a substance that can be observed
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Physical Property
Physical property: a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance.
Examples:
• luster
• malleability: the ability to be hammered into a thin sheet
• ductility: the ability to be stretched into a wire
• melting point
• boiling point
• density
• solubility
• specific heat
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Special Physical Properties
• Melting point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid at a given pressure
• Boiling point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas at a given pressure
water = 100oC
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Chemical Properties
• Chemical property: a property that can only be observed by changing the identity of the substance
Examples:
•flammability
•ability to rust
•reactivity with vinegar
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Matter can be changed two ways
• Physically Physical reaction
Physical change
• Chemically Chemical reaction
Chemical change
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Physical Changes
• Do NOT CHANGE THE TYPE OF MATTER –Nothing new or different is
formed• Could be a change in:
–Size, Change in state, Color, Shape
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Examples of Physical Changes
• Boiling, Freezing, Dissolving, Breaking
• Making a mixture 2 or more types of matter (substances) mixed together – Not in specific amounts– Can be separated physically
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Chemical Changes• The composition of the
substance changes.• The substances
present at the beginning of the change are not present at the end; new substances are formed. The change cannot be “undone.”
Picture from www.chem4kids.com
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Evidence of a chemical reaction
–Formation of gas –Formation of precipitate –Change in color –Change in energy
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Types of Reactions
• Endothermic Absorbs heat energy (The substance gets warm, while the environment gets cold)
• Exothermic Releases heat energy (The substance gets cooler, while the environment gets warmer)
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Chemical Changes• Atoms are re-arranged, NOT created or
destroyed
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Law of Conservation of Matter
• Matter is conserved type of atoms does not change – Nothing is created or destroyed