Physical and Chemical Properties

• General Properties:• All matter has: 1. Mass: how much matter is in an

object• (like counting how many atoms are

there)2. Volume: how much space an object

occupies or takes up

Properties which are unique to a

particular kind of matter

• used to help identify one piece of matter from another

Every pure substance has a unique density

Density = “love”D = m

v

Describe the color

How well heat transfers How well electricity

transfers

What shape are the crystals?

How well does it stretch and return to its original shape?

Certain substances produce different colors when burned

Scratch test to tell hardness

Does it break easily?

Can it be pulled into wire?

Can it be flattened into sheets?

Is it shiny or dull?

Can the atoms be lined up and attract objects?

Describe it: “sweet, sour, rotten egg…NOT “bad , good”…

Bitter? Sour? Sweet? Salty? No taste?

Is it an acid or a base? How strong?

Melting point: temperature that substance turns to solid

Boiling Point: turns to gas

Can it dissolve in water? If so, how much will dissolve?

Rough? Smooth? “Bumpy”?

How well does light shine through it?

Physical Property

• Characteristics that are observed without changing the substance into another substance

• Observations:• Qualitative: no numbers to describe

(color, texture, odor, etc.)• Quantitative: describe using numbers

(temperature, density, mass, volume, etc.)

Physical Changes• Any change that alters (changes)

the form or appearance of matter but does not change the matter into a new substance• (SOME) Clues to Physical change:

• bending• crushing• breaking• chopping• Freezing• Melting• Boiling• tearing

(Phase changes)

Chemical Properties

•Describes the ability of a substance to change into other substances•Must put substances together to find

their chemical properties•NOT reacting is a chemical property

− Zinc used to make steel “stainless”− Water , not gasoline, to put out fires!

Chemical change

• Process that changes a substance into a

new substance with new and different properties• A Chemical reaction• Bonds are broken and new bonds

are formed•Bond: force that holds atoms

together

• Clues to a chemical change: • changes in properties

•Color change (permanent)•Gases produced (yeast cells in

sugar, vinegar and baking soda, burning paper)

•Heat or light given off (matches burning)

•One or more new substances formed

Demonstration• Describe

the physical properties of each substance

Label DescribeSeparately

Combined(CHEMICAL PROPERTY)

Combined(CHEMICAL PROPERTY)

AB

C

D

1. A and C

2. A and D

3. B and C

4. B and D

Physical vs. Chemical

• United Learning video:A review of physical properties

Physical property or chemical property?

• White• Hydrogen and oxygen make water• Dissolves in water

Physical or chemical?