Physical Constants Speed of light in a vacuum c 2.99792458 x 108 m s-1

Permittivity of a vacuum ε0 8.854187817 x 10-12 C2 N-1 m-2

Planck’s constant h 6.6260755 x 10-34 J sħ 1.05457266 x 10-34 J s

Elementary charge e 1.60217733 x 10-19 CBohr radius a0 5.29177249 x 10-11 mElectron mass me 9.1093897 x 10-31 kgProton mass mp 1.6726231 x 10-27 kgNeutron mass mn 1.6749286 x 10-27 kgAvogadro’s constant NA 6.0221367 x 1023 mol-1

Atomic mass constant mu 1.6605402 x 10-27 kgGas constant R 8.314510 J K-1 mol-1

8.31451 x 10-2 L bar K-1 mol-1

8.20578 x 10-2 L atm K-1 mol-1

Boltzmann’s constant k 1.380658 x 10-23 J K-1

Acceleration due to gravity g 9.80665 m/sRydberg constant (hydrogen) RH 1.096775856 x 105 cm-1

Rydberg constant (deuterium) RD 1.097074275 x 105 cm-1

Faraday constant F 96485.309 C mol-1

Debye-Huckel constantsA = 0.509 (kg/mol)1/2

B = 1.6 (kg/mol)1/2

Standard Reduction Potentials at 298.15KReaction E° (Volts) Reaction E° (Volts)Ag+ + e- ⇆ Ag(s) +0.80 MnO2 + 4H+ +2e- ⇆ Mn2+ + 2H2O +1.23AgBr + e- ⇆ Ag(s) + Br- +0.0713 Sn2+ + 2e- ⇆ Sn(s) -0.14

Cu2+ + 2e- ⇆ Cu(s) +0.34 Sn4+ + 2e- ⇆ Sn2+ +0.15

Fe3+ + 3e- ⇆ Fe(s) -0.04 Zn2+ + 2e- ⇆ Zn(s) -0.76Mg2+ + 2e- ⇆ Mg(s) -2.36