physical disabilities and other health impairments (ohi) amy swederski

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Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

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Page 1: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

Physical Disabilities and

Other Health Impairments

(OHI)

Amy Swederski

Page 2: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

What do you already know?

1. Are physical disabilities genetic?

2. What are the causes and can they be prevented?

3. Is there a correlation with academic achievement?

4. Can individuals with physical disabilities lead a “normal” life?

5. What are some stigmas associated with physical disabilities?

1. Most are not. Muscular Dystrophy is hereditary.

2. Depends on the disability. Many can be prevented.

3. Not necessarily.

4. Many can!!

Page 3: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

Physical Disabilities Defined:

“Children with physical disabilities or other health impairments are those whose physical limitations or health problems interfere with school attendance or leaning to such an extent that special services, training, equipment, materials, or facilities are needed.” (Hallahan and Kauffman, 2009, Pg 495)

Page 4: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

Prevalence• 0.9% of the school population• 0.14% : orthopedic• 0.76% : OHI

(That is the amount receiving services, not the amount in need of services)

• Developmental delay, TBI, Multiple Disabilities.

• 1990’s-2004 increase• Reduce risk factors/Prevention

Page 5: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

CharacteristicsAcademic Characteristics• For some, there aren’t any!• Use of alternative instructional

methods• Attendance issuesPersonality• Influenced by the public• Positive home relationship• Acceptance• Adolescence/Puberty

Page 6: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

Etiology and How it affects

the individu

al?It depends!• Type of

disability• Severity• Affected

areas

Causes

Intellectual

Coordination/

Mobility

Communication/ Speech

TBITrauma

tic Brain Injury

TRAUMA!!! to the brain after birth

•Memory •Reasoning

Slowed or delayed speech development.

CPCerebral Palsy

Damage to a brain before maturity.

Dependent upon severity.Some average and above.Most below average

•Atonic•Spasticity•Para/Quad •Choreoathetoid

Spina Bifida

Spinal cord did not fuse properly during fetal development

•Paralysis•Anal/Bladder•Braces/wheelchairs

Speech may be affected/delayed due to the region on the spine that is affected.

Muscular

Dystrophy

Intellectual abilities are not affected!

Little to no mobility due to the deterioration of muscles.

Speech may be lost as muscles continue to weaken.

Epilepsy/

Seizures

Areas of the brain that have been damaged

Majority have no intellectual implications.

??????Spina Bifida Video

Page 7: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

Things to consider• Educational considerations

– Attendance– How to accommodate– Power of knowledge!– Focus on strengths– Placement (LRE)

• Health – Treatments– Therapy

• What can you do to help?

Page 8: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

Transition• Assess needs of the

individual– Take into account the

student’s desires– Accommodations/

Modifications needed– Strengths/Weaknesses

• Training• Living Arrangements• Services

Video of Tim from Maine. Tim - Independent Living

Page 9: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

Assessment

• Attached to the wiki is the unfinished table. Your assignment is to complete the table using your preferred, reliable source of reference. Please be brief (bullets) and cite the source you used.

• For the Epilepsy row (two boxes), fill in the dimensions that educators should use when observing a seizure. You may use both boxes.

Page 10: Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Amy Swederski

References

Flynn, James (Producer), O’Donnell, Damien (Director). (2005). Rory O’Shea Was Here [Motion Picture]. United States:Focus Features

Gupta, Nalin MD, PhD. (2009 February 06). What is Spina Bifida? [Video File]. Video posted to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pE22cZ-ZlCg

Hallahan, D.P., Kauffman, J.M. & Pullen, P.C., (2009). Exceptional Learners: Introduction to Special Education (11th Ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon

Tim, 2006 June, 11. Independent-living for physical disabilities in the community. Retrieved from http://vids.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=vids.individual&videoid=1350572