Physical Geography

EUROPE

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2) Europe is a large peninsula. A peninsula is a body of land that is surrounded by water on three sides.

The Land

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Blue = Northern EuropeRed = Eastern EuropeGreen = Southern EuropeLight Blue = Western Europe

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3) The Northern European Plain is a flat area that extends from France through the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, and into Russia. The Northern European Plain has very good soil called chernozem.

Topography

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4) Europe has five major peninsulas:A. ScandinavianB. Jutland C. Iberian D. Italian E. Balkan

Peninsulas

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5) The Scandinavian Peninsula is in Northern Europe. Norway, Sweden, and part of Finland are on the Scandinavian Peninsula. The peninsula is surrounded by the Barents Sea, Baltic Sea, Norwegian Sea, and North Sea.

Scandinavian Peninsula

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6) A fjord is a steep, narrow, u-shaped valley that is carved out by a glacier. They are found in Norway on the Scandinavian Peninsula because this area had many glaciers during the last ice age.

Fjords

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7) The country of Denmark is on the Jutland Peninsula.

Jutland

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8) The countries of Portugal and Spain are on the Iberian Peninsula.

Iberian Peninsula

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9) Italy is on the Italian Peninsula.

The Italian Peninsula

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Kinda looks like a boot

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10) The Balkan Peninsula contains Greece, among other countries, and is surrounded by the Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, and Black Sea.

The Balkan Peninsula

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11) A strategic waterway is a narrow body of water on an important transportation route or sea lane. Some examples are:

A. The English ChannelB. The Strait of Gibraltar

Strategic Waterways

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12) The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from France. The narrowest point is the Strait of Dover, which is 21 miles wide.

The English Channel

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13) The Chunnel is a tunnel that runs underneath the English Channel and connects Britain to France.

The Chunnel

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Matthew Webb is the first known person to swim the channel from Dover to Calais. It took him 21 hours and 45 minutes.

In 1979, Bryan Allen crossed the Channel in a human powered aircraft. Yea, that is right, he pedalled for three hours in order to fly.

Interesting Facts

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14) The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. The strait also separates the continents of Europe and Africa. At the strait’s narrowest point it is eight miles wide.

Strait of Gibraltar

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The Rock of Gibraltar or Gibraltar is actually an overseas territory of the United Kingdom. It has been part of the U.K. for 300 years.

Gibraltar

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The only wild monkeys inEurope live on the Rockof Gibraltar.

Stop staring and start

feeding me, you

obnoxious tourists!

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16) Some islands in Northern Europe are:A. Great BritainB. IrelandC. IcelandD. Great Britain and Ireland are the two major

islands in an archipelago. Together they are called the British Isles.

Islands

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17) The United Kingdom refers to the countries that are located on the islands of Great Britain and Ireland. The United Kingdom is composed of:

A. WalesB. ScotlandC. EnglandD. Northern Ireland

United Kingdom

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18) Some islands in the Mediterranean Sea are:

A. SicilyB. CorsicaC. SardiniaD. Crete

Islands

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19) The Alps are located in Northern Italy, Switzerland, Austria, and France. The Alps are not very long and the tallest mountain is Mont Blanc (15,774ft).

Mountains

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The ALPS

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Chalet

20) The Pyrenees separate the Iberian Peninsula from France.

Mountains

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FRANCE

SPAIN

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21) Europe is in the middle and high latitudes, therefore, Europe has many different types of climates.

A. Northern Europe = Tundra and Sub-arctic climates.

B. Most of Western Europe = Marine West Coast climate zone.

C. Southern Europe = Mediterranean climate.

Climate and Vegetation

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22) The factors that affect climate are:A. TopographyB. Wind CurrentsC. Ocean CurrentsD. Zones of LatitudeE. Elevation

Climate

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23) Wind currents and ocean currents have a large impact on the climate of Europe.

A. The Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Drift are ocean currents that warm Europe.

B. Europe is also warmed by wind currents called the Westerlies.

Climate

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