physical properties & characteristic properties vs non...
TRANSCRIPT
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Physical Properties & Characteristic Properties vs
Non-Characteristic properties TB: p. 175, 178-189
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Physical Properties
• These can be observed or measured without changing the make-up of the matter of the object
• These properties can be used to describe the object
• Two categories: non-characteristic and characteristic properties
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Physical Properties Include:
• Appearance • Texture • Color • Odor
• Melting Point • Boiling Point • Density • Solubility
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Non-Characteristic Properties
A non-characteristic property is a physical or chemical property that is not unique to one particular substance.
Basically: A NCP can be used to describe
many substances
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Non-Characteristic Properties Examples
• Temperature, • Mass, • Shape, • Colour, • Volume, & • Acidity and alkalinity (pH)
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Temperature • In science,
temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (ºC) or sometimes in Kelvin (K)
• To measure temperature we use a thermometer
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Mass
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Shape and Color
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Volume
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Acidity and Alkalinity
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Characteristic Properties
A characteristic property is a physical or chemical property that is unique to a particular substance.
Basically: A CP can be used to identify a substance.
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Characteristic Properties Examples
Density: The amount of matter in an object, which is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume
Magnetism: The force of attraction between a magnet and a magnetic object
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Characteristic Properties Examples (cont.)
Solubility: A measure of how well a substance can dissolve in another substance. – The Solute: the substance that is
dissolved – The Solvent: the substance that the
solute dissolves – The Solution: the result of mixing a solute
and a solvent
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Characteristic Properties Examples (cont.)
Melting Point: The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid
Boiling Point: The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas
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Examples
• Freezing point of Water: 0ºC – Liquid water will freeze to solid ice at 0ºC
• Melting Point of Ice: 0ºC – Solid ice will melt to liquid water at 0ºC
• Boiling Point of Ice: 100ºC – Liquid water will change into a gas at 100ºC
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Example: The English Oak
• Density = 720 kg/m3
• Light yellow to Medium brown in colour
• 25-30 m tall
Characteristic Property
Non-Characteristic Property
Non-Characteristic Property
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Below is the properties of unknown substances. Which of the following is a characteristic property?
1. Mass of 346 grams 2. Red and circular in shape 3. Temperature of 250C 4. Boiling Point of 204oC
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Identify all of the non-charactertistic properties listed below 1. Volume of 200 ml 2. Square shaped 3. Temperature of 450C 4. Freezing Point of 204oC 5. Density of 24 g/ml
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Julie has a unknown substance in a beaker. Its properties are described in the chart to the right.
Mass 103.5 g Color yellow
Magnetic No Volume 50 ml
Exam like question!!!
Using the substance chart below, identify which substance Julie has in the beaker.
Density Color Magnetic Iron 7.86 g/ml Yellow-Grey Yes
Water 1 g/ml Colorless No Nitroge
n 0.00125 g/ml Yellow No
Sulphur 2.07 g/ml Yellow No
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Remember! Characteristic Properties Non-Characteristic
Properties
CO2 - Turns limewater cloudy - Color - Shape - Texture - Size - Mass - Temperature - Odor - Weight - Volume
O2 - Ignites glowing splint
H2 - Pops in presence of flame Density, DENSITY = m/V
Melting Point Freezing Point Boiling Point