physical science simple machines abney elementary
TRANSCRIPT
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PHYSICAL SCIENCESIMPLE MACHINES
Abney Elementary
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A basic machine that makes up other machines is called a simple machine.
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Efficiency is how well a machine changes effort into useful work.
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A lever is a bar that turns on a fixed point called a fulcrum. (Examples: pry bar, pliers, scissors, see-saw)
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The effort force is the force used when you push or pull a lever.
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A pulley is made up of a rope or chain and a wheel around which the rope fits.
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A pulley that stays in the same place is called a fixed pulley. Fixed pulleys are often used to raise and lower something lightweight such as a flag.
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Multiple pulleys are used to move heavy loads.
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A wheel and axle is made up of a large wheel attached to a smaller wheel or rod.
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Examples of a wheel and axle are a door knob, a fishing reel, and a wheel on a wheelchair.
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Wrapping an inclined plane around a pole makes a screw
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Turning a screw moves things up a spiral ramp.
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An inclined plane is a flat surface that has one end higher than the other. (Example: a ramp)
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The effort force of an inclined plane is applied upward along the plane.
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An inclined plane makes work easier by decreasing the force needed to lift an object.
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Two inclined planes placed back to back form a wedge. (Example: the blade of an ax)
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A wedge pushes things apart while a ramp lifts things.
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Some machines are made up of different kinds of simple machines.
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