Physical vs. Chemical

•Physical Property: A Feature of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the material– Ex: color

Types of Physical Properties

1. Viscosity: resistance to flow (thick or thin fluid)

2. Conductivity: how well a material conducts heat or electricity

Types of Physical Properties

3. Malleability: ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering

– Most metals

4. Hardness: Diamond is hardest known material

Types of Physical Properties

5. Melting point: temp. that a substance changes from solid to liquid

6. Boiling point: temp. that a substance changes from liquid to gas

7. Density: mass/Volume

Types of Physical Properties

8. Solubility: the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.

Separating mixtures •Filtration: separates mixtures

containing different sizes of particles

•Distillation: process that separates liquid based on differences in boiling points

• Chemical Property: Feature of a substance when measured or observed changes the composition of the substance

1. Flammability: ability to burn in oxygen

2. Reactivity: how easily a substance combines chemically with another substance

•Physical Change: change that doesn’t change the identity or composition of the substance– substance remains the same

– Ex: Cutting, melting, boiling, dissolving, evaporating

•Chemical change: Change that changes the composition or identity of the Substance – Substance no longer the same– Ex: any chemical reaction

4 Indicators of a chemical Change

1. Change in color: 2. Production of a gas: 3. Formation of a precipitate:

solid that separates from a solution and doesn’t dissolve

4. Production of heat or light