Physiology, Health & Exercise

Lesson 6Risk and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease

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What is risk?

The probability of some unwanted event or outcome occurring.

1. Collect an envelope with a set of events.2. Put the events into order from the most

likely to the least likely to cause death3. Connect the chances of the event to the

event i.e. out of 100,000 people how many would die from each event?

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What is risk- how did you do?

The answers would obviously be different if e.g. constantly running over railways lines, cross roads in a risky manner or smoke cigarettes.

Normally it is the perception of risk which drives people’s behaviour

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What is risk?

e.g. in the UK it became compulsory for children in the back of cars to wear seat belts in 1991.

However- the number of children killed & injured in car accidents increased after the new law came into effect.

Why? Did drivers perceive a reduced risk for

children so they drove less safely?

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What is risk?

There is a tendency for people to over-estimate the risk of sudden imposed dangers when the consequences are severe

And under-estimate a risk if it has long term effects even if they are severe

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What is the risk?

In 2004 worldwide- 1 human heart attack every 4 seconds 1 stroke every 5 seconds

In UK the risk of a heart attack in any year is 1 in 440 a fatal stroke in any year is 1 in 900

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What is the risk?

BUT these are whole population figures- does everyone in the population have the same chance of getting CVD?

What are the risk factors for CVD?

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Risk factors for CVD

Issue envelopes with tasks- presentations to be given on 28th February2008.

All the envelopes are different so you will be providing others with opportunities for making their own notes for this section.

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Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries

Is the prevalence of CHD the same all over the world?

Based on 2002 data. Put the countries into rank order for their

rate of CHD- highest to lowest.

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Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries

Why these patterns? Diet low in saturated fats compared to meat

intensive e.g. Japan Low smoking rates Active lifestyles CHD generally associated with affluence- but is

now affecting people in developing countries – why?

Lifespan- if the population lives longer then there is a higher prevalence of CHD

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Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries

Complete the “Coronary Heart Disease” data handling activity