p&id

FIGURE A.2.1 Digital gate symbols.

Curtis JohnsonProcess Control Instrumentation Technology, 8e]

Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

All rights reserved.

FIGURE A.4.1 A force applied to a spring extends the length from a relaxed x0 to a new x.




FIGURE A.5.1 P&ID signal and process lines.




FIGURE A.5.2 Special symbols are used for instrumentation in the P&ID.




FIGURE A.5.3 Examples of the letter/number coding.




FIGURE A.5.4 The PLC includes many math operations.




FIGURE A.5.5 Symbols for some final control elements.




FIGURE A.5.6 Illustration of a P&ID for a chemical process.




FIGURE A.6.1 Op amp differential amplifier.




FIGURE A.6.2 Voltage-to-current converter.




FIGURE A.6.3 Op amp proportional-integral controller.




FIGURE A.6.4 Op amp proportional-derivative controller.




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