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    SUPPLY, DEMAND, PRODUCT MARKET

    AND CONSUMERS BEHAVIOR THEORY

    2.1 The Demand Function and Curve

    2.2 The Demand Curves Shift

    2.3 The Supply Function and Curve

    2.4 The Supply Curve Shift2.5 Market Equilibrium

    2.6 Consumer Behavior Theory

    Marginal Utility, Indifference Curve,

    PCC, ICC, Substitution Effect and IncomeEffect

    2.7 Relation Between Demand and ConsumerBehavior

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    THE DEMAND FUNCTION AND CURVE

    The demand Function

    Qdx = f (Px, I, Py, T, N, )Qdx = f (Px) ceteris paribus

    where: Qdx = Quantity demand of x

    Px = Price of xI = Average Income

    Py = Price of y as a related goods

    T = Preference (taste)

    N = Size of the market

    = Special influence

    Hukum Permintaan ( The Law of Demand )

    Semakin rendah harga barang/jasa, maka jumlah

    permintaan terhadap barang/jasa tersebut semakinmeningkat.

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    Skedul dan Kurva Permintaan

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    Permintaan Pasar Ditentukan oleh

    Jumlah Permintaan Individual

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    Pergerakan Sepanjang Kurva Permintaan

    karena Perubahan Harga Barang

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    Pergeseran Kurva Permintaan karena

    Perubahan Pendapatan atau Harga Barang Lain

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    Pergeseran Kurva Pemintaan

    ke Kiri atau ke Kanan

    Variabel Kurva Permintaan

    Bergeser ke kiri bila

    Kurva Permintaan

    Bergeser ke kanan bila

    Pendapatan (I)

    Barang Normal

    Barang Inferior

    Selera (T)

    Harga Barang Lain (Py)

    Barang substitusi (Ps)

    Barang komplementer (Pk)

    Jumlah Pelanggan (N)

    I turun

    I naik

    T turun

    Ps turun

    Pk naik

    N turun

    I naik

    I turun

    T naik

    Ps naik

    Pk turun

    N naik

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    The Supply Function and Curve

    The Supply Function

    Qds = f (Px, Pi, Tg, G, Pr, )

    Qds = f (Px) ceteris paribus

    Where: Qds = supply quantity of xPx = price of x

    Pi = price of input

    Tg = Technology

    G = Government Policy (Tx & S)Pr = Price of related goods

    = special influence

    The Law of Supply :

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    Pergeseran Kurva Penawaran

    ke Kiri atau ke Kanan

    Variabel Kurva Penawaran

    Geser ke kiri bila

    Kurva Penawaran Geser

    ke kanan bila

    Kebijakan Pemerintah

    Pajak (Tx)

    Subsidi pd produsen

    (S)

    Harga input/ biaya (Pi)

    Harga Barang Lain (Py)

    Barang substitusi (Ps)

    Barang komplementer (Pk)

    Tingkat Teknologi (Tg)

    Tx naik

    S turun

    Pi naik

    Ps turun

    Pk naik

    Tg turun

    Tx turun

    S naik

    Pi turun

    Ps naik

    Pk turun

    Tg naik

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    The Effect on Price and Quantity of

    Different Demand and Supply Shifts

    Demand and Supply Shift Effect on Price and

    Quantity

    If demand rises

    If demands falls

    If supply rises

    If supply falls

    The demand curves shifts to the

    right, and

    The demand curves shifts to the

    left, and

    The supply curves shifts to the

    right, and

    The supply curves shifts to the

    left, and

    Price

    Quantity

    Price

    Quantity

    Price

    Quantity

    Price

    Quantity

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    CONSUMER BEHAVIOR THEORIES

    Menjelaskan prilaku konsumen dalam mengalokasikansumber daya ekonominya, dengan tujuan mencapai kepuasanmaksimum

    Cardinal and Ordinal Theory

    Asumsi-asumsi:

    - makin banyak konsumsi terhadap barang, makinbermanfaat

    - Ukuran manfaatadalah Utility- The Law of Diminishing Utility (Gossen Law)

    - minimal ada dua sikap tentang preferensi, lebih suka(prefer)atau sama-sama disukai (indifference)

    - Perfect knowledge

    Cardinal

    Theory

    Ordinal

    Theory

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    Cardinal Theory

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