PIG RAISING

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A Healthy Environment

• Shade because pig have no sweat gland in their skin

• Generally Temp for adult is 10 – 27 C

• Generally Temp baby pig is 27 – 32 C

2

Environmental

• Pig allow to run lose • Fencing • Tethering / animal tied to control • Building • Combination of above • Feeders and Waterers• Farrowing house

3

Nutrition- pig are single stomach; able to eat meat and

plant • Carbohydrate and fat- corn,rice brand,

yam, potatoes casava banana (70 80 %) pig diet for energy

• Protein- fish meal, oil seed – provide growth

• Mineral(salt) Calcium, phosphorous for bone and tissue growth

• Vitamins – growth, reproduce and body function

• Water – fresh, good health 4

Food preparation • Grinding• Soaking • Cooking • Chopping (vegetable-fruit) • Fermenting

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Normally, Carbohydrate 70 % Protein 30%

Percentage Protein need

• Sows and adult 16 % • Baby 0- 15 kg 20%• Baby 15 – 30 kg 18%• Young 30 – 60 16%

6

Select Young Female • Best milking mother• Larger litter • Larger faster growing • No obvious defect (hernias, health

problem• Minimum well 12 teats• Desire body type (least fat more

meat) • Purchase from trusted farm

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Selected young male

• Male muscle appearance• Free from hernias and health and

disease problems• Well formed testicles • From large litter• Fast growing• Not related to your female • Preferably cross breed

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Reproduction • Heat (estrus) 1-3 day period,

second day is best fertilizing • Heat (estrus) cycle 19 – 21 days

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• Natural • Artificial

Breeding

Length of pregnancy is 114 days

Sign of approaching Farrowing time

• 2-3 weeks breast enlarged • 5-7 days farrowing – valva enlarged • 24 – 48 hours milk appear in teats • 12 -24 hours very nervous, restless

and carry dry leaf to make bed, may need inject Oxytocine to help make delivery easier

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Helping new born• Remove from membranes • Wipe mucus from month and nose • Clip navel cord 1-2 inches, dip in iodine,

if bleeding, tie navel cord with cotton string

• Clip tail (1-2 inches) • If weather is cool put in box with light

bulb • Must nurse as soon as possible

(maximum 12 hours)

• Iron injection • Cut teeth 11

Castrating

• Male baby should be castrated around 2-4 week of age (while nursing)

• To prevent odor in meat• To prevent the nuisance of the boars

not needed for breeding• Some think castrated males grow

faster

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Weaning

• In natural state, sows wean their babies when they are around 8 – 10 weeks old

• In modern operations pigs are weaned early at 3-5 weeks

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Basic sanitation• Location: High with drainage • Rotate • Food and water • Building E-W• Germ killing – lye-0.45 per water

10 gallons , chorine• Vaccinate • Treat parasites

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Common disease

• Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) • Diarrhea• Pneumonia • Anemia • Skin infection

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Injection• Subcutaneous (SQ)• Intramuscular (IM)

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• SQ;

• Baby 18 or 20 : 5/8” or ½”• Young 16 or 18 : 5/8” or 1/4”• Adult 14 or 16 : 1” or 1/2”• IM;

• Baby 18 or 20 ½”• Young 16 or 3/4”• Adult 14 or 16 : 1”

Natural Farming - Pigs

Partners Relief and Development

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Purpose and Process

To transform farmer from laborer to manager

To utilize agricultural waste

To make natural fertilizer

To sell value added products

To make high protein feed

Natural Pig Farming Cycle

Piglets

Fertilizer Feed

Sell value added product

Market weight pigs

Pig Pen Bedding

Dig pen floor 90 cm deepAdd bedding in 2 layersMix bedding material with soil from pen

- Rice hulls, sawdust, etc.

Charcoal 10%

Cow manure 10 %

Salt 1 - 2 Kg

Add 1 - 2 bags white leaf mold concentrate

Mix FFJ / FPJ in water (2T per 10L)- Spray on bedding

Use same bedding mixture as first layer

Cover with a thin layer of rice hulls or other material

Fill second layer to top

Home made products used in Natural Pig Farming

1. FPJ

2. FFJ

3. FAA

4. Calcium

5. White leaf mold

6. Salt

7. Pig gum

9. Traditional remedies / herbs

Control worms with herbal medicine: egg plant

Diarrhea: guava leaves, mangosteen peels, persimmon leaves, green bananas

Prevent disease with herbs

Pig Drinking Water

FFJ / FPJ 2T Herb Hormone

Mix in 10L water.Free choice all day.

Clean water tank every day.Inspect drink valve for water flow.Install 1 drink valve per 5 pigs.

Pig Feed

1. Fresh plant material for pig feed 100 Kg + Sugar 4 Kg + Rock salt 1 Kg. Pickle in bucket 3 days.

1 + 2 = Pickled plant material 70 Kg + commercial feed 30 Kg.

Total 100 Kg. cost= 5 THB/Kg

2. Commercial food 30 kg

3. Soybean cake 1 Kg per meal

Feed twice a day (2-5 kilograms).Feed fresh grass / green vegetables every day, up to 1 Kg / pig.

Capital investment per pig

Market weight 100 Kg (4-5 months)

Feed cost per pig for 5 months = 1500

Average cost per piglet = 1000 THB

Total cost per pig = 2500 THB

Care of natural farming pigs1. Dig & mix the bedding every week. - Add bedding material as needed.

2. Spray bedding with fermented juice minimum once a week

3. Feed pigs with “pig gum” to chew relaxing

4. Add charcoal and salt to increase mineral

5. Give fresh grass & green vegetables. - (1 Kg / pig)

6. When pigs are 3 months old, begin removing soiled bedding to make natural fertilizer. Replace with new bedding mixture. You can do this once a week.

7. Clean up inside and around the pig pen to keep things tidy.

Partners Relief and Development

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Thank you

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