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PINE SSENTIAL OIL 1

PINE

LATIN NAME Pinus sylvestris

FAMILY NAME Abietaceae

SYNONYMS Scots pine / Norway pine / Forest pine / Pinaceae

COLOUR pale yellow

VISCOSITY Watery

AROMA Fresh / resinous

NOTE Middle

COUNTRIES OF PRODUCTION

PARTS USED Needles (pine needle oil),

or needles, twigs & buds (pine needle oil)

EXTRACTION METHOD Steam distillation

YIELD 0.1 0.5%

BLENDS WELL WITH

Cedarwood, eucalyptus, lavender, Niaouli, rosemary, sage

MAIN CHEMICAL COMPONENTS

Sylvestrene, bornyl acetate, dipentene, Cardinene & phellandrene, a-pinene, b-pinene,limonene, b-caryophyllene, camphene-longifolene, g-cadinene, a-copaene, borneol,

delta-3-cerene, terpinene-4-ol, epi-a-cadinol, citronella

WARNINGS & CONTRA INDICATIONS

Most references state that pine & pine needle oil is considered safe since it is non-toxic and non-irritant should still be used with care on the skin as can cause irritation

in high dosage & may sensitise the skin as well

Chemical component, delta-3-cerene, is most often singled out as the irritant Other research shows that as the oil is oxidised or ages, it becomes irritant Avoid if prone to skin allergic reactions Avoid if pregnant Use with caution or avoid if the allergic response is bad

THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES

antiseptic, anti-rheumatic, balsamic, decongestant, deodorant, diuretic, disinfectant,

restorative, rubifacient, stimulant, insecticide, tonic

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PINE SSENTIAL OIL 2

THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS

EMOTIONAL

Uplifting Gives a clean, sharp feeling Stress Refreshes tired mind Hopelessness or low self esteemCIRCULATION

Hypotension Stimulates poor circulationDIGESTIVE

Gall stones Gastralgia Stimulates metabolismGENITO-URINARY

Cystitis Prostate problems urinary infections Hormonal stimulant Leucorrhea May assist metritis inflammation of the uterus Said to benefit male sexual problems impotenceNERVOUS SYSTEM

nervous exhaustion neuralgia Mental fatigue Stress related conditionsRESPIRATORY

Allergies Bronchitis Asthma Catarrh Coughs, whooping cough

Laryngitis Colds & flu Eases breathing & sinusitis Excellent for treatment of chest infections Powerful antiseptic bronchitis, laryngitis, flu As an expectorant helps clear sinuses & ease breathing

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PINE SSENTIAL OIL 3

SKIN

Cuts, boils, sores Fleas, scabies, lice Excessive perspiration Skin problems eczema, psoriasis Purifier of the skin especially grey, oxygen poor skin smokersSTRUCTURAL

Rheumatism, arthritis, gout Inflammation muscular aches & pains stimulate circulationOTHER

METHODS OF APPLICATION

AEROSOL

Asthma, colds, coughs Cellulite hangover smokers cough Drowsiness Sinusitis Inhalations of pine good for colds, catarrh & sore throatBATH / FOOT BATH

Asthma, colds, coughs Cellulite hangover Infections Rheumatism Sinusitis take care if prone to allergic reactionsMASSAGE OIL

use caution in massage may cause some skin irritation

Use only small quantities in low dilution Muscular aches & painsCOMPRESS

NOTES

Limonene, dipentene & bornyl acetate are responsible for antiviral & antibacterialactivity