pip stf05501 (fixed ladders & cages)

11
TECHNICAL CORRECTION February 2002 Process Industry Practices Structural PIP STF05501 Fixed Ladders and Cages

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PIP Ladders specifications

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    TECHNICAL CORRECTIONFebruary 2002

    Process Industry Practices

    Structural

    PIP STF05501

    Fixed Ladders and Cages

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    PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES

    In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has

    been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major

    industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these

    technical requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and

    engineering costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While

    this Practice is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users,

    individual applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take

    precedence over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and

    particular matters or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering

    situations should not be made solely on information contained in these materials. The

    use of trade names from time to time should not be viewed as an expression ofpreference but rather recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the

    same specifications are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All

    Practices or guidelines are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and

    regulations including OSHA requirements. To the extent these Practices or guidelines

    should conflict with OSHA or other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or

    regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate professional before applying or

    acting on any material contained in or suggested by the Practice.

    This Practice is subject to revision at any time by the responsible Function Team

    and will be reviewed every 5 years. This Practice will be revised, reaffirmed, orwithdrawn. Information on whether this Practice has been revised may be found at

    www.pip.org.

    Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, The

    University of Texas at Austin, 3925 West Braker Lane (R4500), Austin,

    Texas 78759. PIP member companies and subscribers may copy this Practice

    for their internal use. Changes, overlays, addenda, or modifications of any

    kind are not permitted within any PIP Practice without the express written

    authorization of PIP.

    PIP will not consider requests for interpretations (inquiries) for this Practice.

    PRINTING HISTORY

    November 1994 Issued August 2000 Technical Correction

    December 1999 Revision February 2002 Technical Correction

    Not printed with State funds

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    TECHNICAL CORRECTIONFebruary 2002

    Process Industry Practices Page 1 of 9

    Process Industry Practices

    Structural

    PIP STF05501Fixed Ladders and Cages

    Table of Contents

    1. Introduction..................................21.1 Purpose ............................................. 21.2 Scope.................................................2

    2. References ...................................22.1 Process Industry Practices ................ 22.2 Industry Codes and Standards .......... 22.3 Government Regulations................... 3

    3. Design...........................................3

    List of DetailsSide Elevation............................................ 4Minimum Clearances at Unavoidable

    Obstructions....................................... 4Minimum Clearances for Ladder Wells

    and Platforms .................................... 4Section A-A - Step Through....................... 5

    Detail 1 - Rung Detail................................. 5Section B-B - Typical Cage........................ 6Ladder Cage at Elevated Platform............. 6Section C-C................................................ 6Side-Step Ladders ..................................... 7Section D-D - Cage at Side Step............... 7Detail 2 - Supporting Connection to

    Concrete ............................................ 8Detail 3 - Ladder Base Details ................... 8Detail 4 - Supporting Connection to

    Steel................................................... 9Detail 5 - Guide Connection to Steel.......... 9

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    PIP STF05501 TECHNICAL CORECTIONFixed Ladders and Cages February 2002

    Page 2 of 9 Process Industry Practices

    1. Introduction

    1.1 Purpose

    This Practice provides the fabricator and erector with a standard fixed ladder andcage design to be used in process industry facilities. This Practice also provides

    process industry companies with design guide information to be used in specifying

    and locating fixed ladders and cages.

    1.2 Scope

    This Practice shows the design details for fabrication and installation of typical

    Occupational Safety and Health Administration-regulated ladders for structures,

    miscellaneous platforms, and vessels for regular operational access/egress.

    These details are intended to be issued to the fabricators supplying these ladders and

    to the erectors for use in installation.

    Any conflicts or inconsistencies between this Practice, the design drawings, or other

    contract documents shall be brought to the attention of the buyer for resolution.

    2. References

    Applicable requirements in the following PIP Practices, codes and standards, and

    government regulations shall be considered an integral part of this Practice. The edition in

    effect on the date of contract award shall be used, except as otherwise noted. Short titles will

    be used herein when appropriate.

    2.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

    PIP STS05120 -Fabrication of Structural and Miscellaneous Steel

    PIP STS05130 -Erection of Structural and Miscellaneous Steel

    2.2 Industry Codes and Standards

    American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

    ANSI A14.3 -American National Standard for LaddersFixedSafety

    Requirements

    American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM)

    ASTM A36/A36M - Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel

    ASTM A123 - Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot Galvanized) Coatings on

    Products Fabricated from Rolled, Pressed, and Forged Steel Shapes, Plates,

    Bars, and Strips

    ASTM A307 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Externally Threaded

    Standard Fasteners

    ASTM A385 -Standard Practices for Providing High-Quality Zinc Coatings

    (Hot-Dip)

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    TECHNICAL CORRECTION PIP STF05501February 2002 Fixed Ladders and Cages

    Process Industry Practices Page 3 of 9

    2.3 Government Regulations

    The following government document has been used as a reference in the

    development of this Practice.

    U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Regulations 29CFR 1910 Subpart D (Walking-Working Surfaces)

    Modifications or deviations from this Practice should be reviewed by appropriate

    personnel to assure compliance with applicable safety regulations and requirements

    by state or local agencies that have jurisdiction where the ladder is to be erected.

    3. Design

    3.1 The project design drawings and data sheets specify the ladder location and

    orientation, whether or not a cage is required, special fabrication details, and any

    changes to the requirements of this Practice. Unless noted otherwise on the contract

    documents, a self-closing double bar safety gate, in conformance with OSHA, shallbe provided for all ladders.

    3.2 All structural material shall beASTM A36steel unless otherwise noted.

    3.3 The entire ladder shall be welded construction except as shown. All welds shall be

    smooth, continuous, and sealed. Fabrication shall comply withPIP STS05120.

    3.4 All ladder bolts shall be 5/8-inch (16-mm)ASTM A307bolts unless otherwise noted.

    3.5 Ladder rung design is based on a 200-pound (890-N) concentrated live load.

    3.6 Ladder connections are designed for a maximum total load (dead plus live) of

    1000 pounds (4.4 kN) on one side rail.

    3.7 Cages shall be provided on ladders of more than 20 feet to a maximum unbrokenlength of 30 feet, where the length of ladder refers to the vertical distance between

    landings. Cages are also required on ladders less than 20 feet in length where the

    ladder is located at an elevated platform that does not provide adequate fall

    protection. Consideration of cage protection for these applications should be made in

    the design process for each particular case. Ladder safety devices may be used in lieu

    of the required cage protection.

    3.8 Ladder assemblies shall be coated after fabrication in accordance with the design

    drawings and specifications governing the project.

    3.8.1 Galvanizing (when required) shall be done after fabrication and in

    accordance withPIP STS05120.

    3.9 Erection of ladders shall comply withPIP STS05130.

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