planer machine

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PLANER MACHINE


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Planers and shapers were used generally

for two types of work: generating accurate flat surfaces

and cutting slots


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Classification Of Planer

Planers are generally divided into 5 types:

1. Double Housing Planer

2. Open Side Planer

3. Edge Type Planer

4. Divide Table Planer

5. Pit Type Planer


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http://www.themetalmachine.com/index.html


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DESCRIPTION OF PARTS

BED

The bed of a planer is a box like casting having

cross ribs. It is very heavy in weight and supports

the column and all other moving parts of themachine. It is provided with precision ways over

the entire length.


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TABLE

It supports the work and reciprocates along the

ways of the bed. T-slots are provided along theentire length of the table so that the work andthe holding devices maybe bolted upon it.

Accurate holes are drilled on the top surfaces of

the planer table at regular intervals forsupporting the poppets and stop pins.


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HOUSING

The housings also called columns or uprights arerigid box like vertical structures placed on eachside of the bed and are fastened to the sides ofthe bed. They are heavily ribbed to trace up

severe forces due to cutting. The front face ofeach housing is accurately machined to provideprecision ways on which the crossrail maybemade to slide up and down for accommodating

different heights of the work. Two side toolheads also slide upon it.


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CROSSRAIL

Crossrail is rigid box like casting connecting thetwo housings. The crossrail maybe raised or

lowered in the face of the housing and can be

clamped at any desired position. The front face

of the crossrail is accurately machined to providea guide surface for the tool head saddle. The

crossrail has screw for vertical and cross feed of

the tool head and a screw for elevating the rail.


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TOOL HEAD

Tool head of a planer is similar to that of a shaperboth in construction and operation. The importantparts of a tool head are :-

1. Saddle 7. Tool post

2. Swivel base 8. Down feed screw3. Vertical slide 9. Apron clamping bolt

4. Apron 10.Apron swivelling pin

5. Clapper box

6. Clapper block


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Open Side Planer

Open side planer consists of only one verticalcolumn or housing on which the cross rail is

mounted.

The column and the cross rail carry single anddouble tool heads respectively. This type of

machine permits machining of wide work

pieces.


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Pit Type Planer

Construction and Working of Pit Type ofPlaner

A pit type planer differs from other planer inthe sense that, the table and the work pieceresting on it remain stationary and the toolreciprocates across the work surface. Pit typeplaner is preferred for very large work, where

the weight of the work piece and the toolrequired table would make reciprocatingmovement difficult.


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The job is either mounted on a stationary

table, or on the floor inside a pit, and hence

the name pit type planer. Once or two toolheads are mounted on the cross rail and two

side tool posts the housings, if required. The

entire unit travels along the horizontal ways

and fro and, thus the tool moves past the worksurface during operation.


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Deference between Shaper andPlaner Machine

Shaper

1. It is comparativelylight machine.

2. Less spacerequired.

3. It is use for smallsize and light work

piece.4. Generally singletool is used.

5. Less time isrequired to settingthe job.

Planer

1. It is comparativelyheavy machine.

2. Large spacerequired.

3. It is used for largesize and heavy

work piece.4. More than one toolcan usedsimultaneously.

5. More time isrequired to setting


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6. Shaper consume

15-20 HP.

7.Stroke length is

small.

8. Machine cost is

less

6. Palner consume

120 HP.

7. Stroke length is

high

8. Machine cost is

high.

planer machine

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