PLANSPLANS&&

ORDERSORDERS

REFERENCES

FM 5-0 Army Planning and Orders Production

AGENDA

1. Plans

2. Orders

3. Example of OPORD

PlansPlans

A plan is a design for a future or an anticipated operation.

Page G-3, FM 5-0

Plans (Con’t)Plans (Con’t)• Operations plan (OPLAN)- any plan for the preparation,

execution, and assessment of military operations.– States critical assumptions that form the basis of the plan.

– Becomes an OPORD when the CDR sets an execution time.

• Service support plan (SSPLAN)- provides information and instructions covering an operation’s service and support.

• Supporting plan – a plan prepared by a supporting commander or subordinate commander to satisfy the requests or requirements of the supported commander’s plan

Pgs G-3 & G-4, FM 5-0

Plans (Con’t)Plans (Con’t)

• Contingency plan – a plan for major contingencies that can reasonably be anticipated in the principal geographic sub-areas of the command.– Prepared to gain flexibility since operations never

proceed exactly as planned– Two types:

• Branch = an option built into the basic plan or course of action based on anticipated events, opportunities, or disruptions caused by the enemy

• Sequel = operations that follow the current operation based on the anticipated outcomes (success, failure, or stalemate)

Pg G-4, FM 5-0

OrdersOrders

• An order is a communication written, oral, or by signal, which conveys instructions from a superior to a subordinate.

• ORDER vs COMMAND:

An order implies discretion in the details of execution (IAW JP 1-02).

Pg G-4, FM 5-0

OrdersOrders

•Expression of the Commander’s visualization, intent, and decisions focusing on the expected results

•Tell subordinates “What” rather than “How”

•Focus a subordinates activities

•Provide Task, activities, constraints, and coordinating instructions necessary for successful completion of missions.

•Communicates instructions in a standard, recognizable, clear, and simple format.

Orders (Con’t)Orders (Con’t)

• Combat orders- pertain to strategic, operational, or tactical operations and their service and support. Combat orders include:

– Operation orders (OPORD)– Service support order (SSORD)– Movement order– Warning order (WARNO)– Fragmentary order (FRAGO)

Pgs G-4 & G-5, FM 5-0

• Simplicity• Brevity• Clarity• Completeness• Coordination• Flexibility• Timeliness

Characteristics Of OrdersCharacteristics Of Orders

Techniques For Issuing Techniques For Issuing OrdersOrders

• WRITTEN

• MATRIX

• GRAPHICS & OVERLAYS

•VERBAL

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

5 Paragraphs1. SITUATION

2. MISSION

3. EXECUTION

4. SERVICE SUPPORT

5. COMMAND & SIGNAL

Base OPORD should address the overall concept of the mission.

Use ANNEXs for WFF specific information

Pgs G-16 thru G-85, FM 5-0

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

(Example)(Example)1. Situation

a. Enemy Forces- Capabilities, Disposition, Composition, MPCOA, MDCOA. Brief MPCOA and MDCOA by forms of contactOIDOCARE. (Products for briefing include DOCTEMP, SITEMPs and Enemy Organization Diagram)

b. Friendly Forces- BDE and BN Mission, Commander’s Intent, and Concept of Operations. Adjacent Unit’s location, task and purpose(Products for brief include Concept Sketches, and Ops Overlay)

c. EnvironmentTerrain: Use aspects of terrain, OAKOC (Products to brief are AO/AI, MCOO)Weather: Aspects of weather, WVTCPCivil Considerations: ASCOPE/PEOPLE

MC3 TTP is to brief Environment first in order to visualize terrain, Enemy and friendly in relation to each other

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

(Example)(Example)

2. MissionWho, What, When, Where and Why (derived from the

task and purpose assigned to your company from the battalion OPORD)

Link Method to Task IOT Purpose, See Example in next slide

Method (Type of Operation or Maneuver) Task Purpose

Admin Movement

Area Defense

Area Recon

Area Security

Ambush

Attack

Counterattack

Convoy Security

Cover

Delay

Demonstrate

Encirclement

Envelopment

Exploit

Feint

Guard

Infiltration

Mobile Defense

MTC

Passage of Lines

Perimeter Defense

Pursuit

Raid

Recon

Recon in Force

Relief in Place

Retirement

River Crossing

Route Recon

Screen

Search and Attack

Stay-behind

Spoiling Attack

TRM

Withdrawal

Zone Recon

Actions by FriendlyEffects on

EnemyInformation Operations

Allow

Cause

Create

Deceive

Deny

Divert

Enable

Envelop

Influence

Open

Protect

Prevent

Support

Surprise

Assault

Attack-by-Fire

Breach

Bypass

Clear

CSAR

Consolidate &

Reorganize

Control

Counter-recon

Disengagement

Exfiltrate

Follow and Assume

Follow and Support

Linkup

Occupy

Recon

Reconstitution

Reduce

Retain

Secure

Seize

Support-by-Fire

Suppress

Block

Canalize

Contain

Defeat

Destroy

Disrupt

Fix

Interdict

Isolate

Neutralize

Penetrate

Turn

Tactical Effects

I/O Effects

Damage

Delay

Degrade

Deny

Destroy

Disrupt

Divert

Exploit

Limit

Co-opt

Deceive

Disorganize

Influence

Inform

Isolate

Organize

Warn

“TF 3-67 attacks to destroy forces vic OBJ Silver NLT 100500ZJUL04 in order to allow TF 2-8 to seize OBJ Gold”

Mission Statement – (who) METHOD to TASK (when) in order to PURPOSE

FM 3-0, 3-90, and 101-5-1

Note: Method list is not all inclusive

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

(Example)(Example)3. Execution

Commander’s Intent: Expanded Purpose, Key Tasks, and Endstate (Endstate consists of friendly and enemy in relation to terrain).

b. Concept of Operation: Decisive Point, Task and Purpose for each platoon and designation of main effort, and supporting efforts. Critical events and risk for the operation. Concept of fires, engineers, and support. Endstate of the operation. (Use Concept Sketch to brief)

3a1. Scheme of Maneuver: Broken into phases of the operation to cover exactly what each subordinate element is doing from the start to the end of each phase. The primary points should be order of movement, orientation of fires, weapons control status, routes, etc. (Use the terrain board, map with ops overlay and execution matrix to brief).

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

(Example)(Example)3. Execution (Continued)

Concept of Fires: Give an overview of fires explaining how they will allow the company to achieve its purpose.Break down the briefing of fires by essential fire support task and brief in the task, purpose, method, and effect format.

Concept of Engineers: Give an overview of how the engineers will allow the company to achieve its purpose. Break down the brief by essential mobility and survivability tasks and brief in task, purpose, method, and effect format.

Concept of Additional Assets (ADA, PSYOPS, CA, ETC): Brief by Task Purpose, Method and Effect.

Tasks to Maneuver Units: Brief all tasks for each platoon to make sure the platoon leaders know exactly what they have to do.

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

(Example)(Example)

3. Execution (Continued)Coordinating Instructions: -Time or condition the order is effective-Timeline-Rehearsal/PCC/PCI guidance-Commander’s Critical Information Requirement (CCIR) includes PIR and FFIR-Risk Reduction Control Measures-Rules of engagement-Environmental Considerations-Force Protection (MOPP Level)-Anything not covered

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

(Example)(Example)4. Service Support:

a. Concept of Support- Summarize how support will allow the Company to achieve its purpose

b. Material and Services- Classes of Supply, priority on Class III and Class V.

c. Maintenance Plan-recovery plan, UMCP operations, dispatching, BDAR, resupply/parts flow

d. Health Service Support- MEDEVAC/CASEVAC, AXP locations, CCPs, etc.

e. Additional information as required

The Written OPORDThe Written OPORD

(Example)(Example)

5. Command and Signal:a. Command- Battalion/Company Location of

Command and Succession of Commandb. Signal- Current SOI Index, and near and far

recognition signals, methods of marking a breach lane, marking cleared objectives, alternate signals to lift, shift, cease fires, etc.

Conclude order by stating the current time, asking for questions and stating when conformation briefs will be conducted.