Plant Kingdom

Plants – All eukaryotic, all multicellular and all are autotrophs (photosynthesis)

Carbon Dioxide + Water Sugar + Oxygenchloroplast

(REACTANTS)(PRODUCT) (By-Product)

sunlight

Plant Characteristics

All plants have 5 adaptations for living on land:

1. Obtain water and minerals from soil ~ root systems

2. Retain water by a cuticle – water proof layer on leaves

3. Transport material – thru cells and vascular tissuea. Vascular tissue – tissue that transports water, nutrients and mineralsb. Plants that have vascular tissue are called vascular plantsc. Vascular plants can grow tall because of the support of vascular tissue.

4. A plant on land needs to support its body

a. Leaves must be exposed to as much sunlight as possible

b. Vascular tissue strengths and supports large plant

5. Most do sexual reproduction with fertilization of egg and sperm =zygote

Complex Life cycle1. Two stages (or generations): produce

different things for reproduction

Fertilization produces a zygote

Alternation of Generation

Two stages

a. 1st stage – Sporophyte – the plant produces spores

- spores – tiny cells that can grow into new gametophyte

b. 2nd stage – Gametophyte – the plant produces two types of sex cells (sperm and egg)

- egg + sperm = zygote = becomes a sporophyte

- cycle starts over again

Questions1. List three characteristics that all plants share.

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2. A plant’s life cycle has ____ stages:

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

3. A gametophyte will produce

a. Spores b. New plants

c. Sex cells d. Gametes