Plant Reproduction

Fruit & Seed Dispersal

Giant Kelp also a Protist!

Green Algae

Gymnosperm & Angiosperm Seeds

Flowering Plants:Monocot & Dicot Seeds

Mosses

Fruit of a Peanut Plant

• Forms in the ground

• Fertilization of an egg & pollen makes a seed

• Fruit is the ovary around the seed

Pineapple Fruit

Plants: Nonvascular & Vascular

Honey Possum & Bee Pollinators

Fruit & Seed Dispersal

Pollination versus Fertilization

Pollination: MechanicalTransfer of pollen:

Fertilization: JoiningOf pollen(sperm) with The egg in ovary

Cone Bearing Plants• Gymnosperms

• Cones

• “naked” seeds

• No ovaries

• Pollen

Ovaries surround the seeds

• Seed = Fertilized egg

• Ovary becomes the fruit

Roots

Stems

The stem of a plant provides pathways for the distribution of water and nutrients between the roots, leaves, and other parts of the plant. The herbaceous stem of the dandelion (top, center) lacks lignin, the stiffening material in rigid, supportive woody stems. For this reason, herbaceous plants are generally limited in their physical size. Spurges and cacti (bottom, left), their leaves reduced to needles to prevent evaporation in a dry climate, consist entirely of stem material. Tubers, such as potatoes (top, right), are swollen, food-storing, underground stems that nourish growing buds. The stems of some plants are adapted for protection, as in the hawthorn (bottom, right). Others actively compete for sunlight, using touch-sensitive, curling tendrils (top, left) or other structures to climb upwards.

Dorling Kindersley;Harry Taylor/Oxford Scientific Films

"Stems," Microsoft® Encarta® Encyclopedia 2000. © 1993-1999 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Stem Structure

Grafting apple varieties

Parts of a Flower

Ferns: Frond & Fiddleheads

Fern Sporangia

• Underside of frond

• Spore Capsule• Contains

Spores• Asexual• 1N

Ferns & Mosses Require Wet Environments:

Gametophyte sperm cells Need water to swim to egg!

Alternation of GenerationsSporophyte makes spores

Gametophyte makes gametes

Fertilization=2N zygote