plants green: the color of life. 1. what do plants need to survive? sunlightwater and minerals gas...
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Plants
Green: The color of life.1
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What do plants need to survive?
Sunlight Water and Minerals
Gas Exchange
CO2 O2
Movement of Water and Nutrients
Sugar
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The Development of Plants
Mosses andtheir relatives
Ferns andtheir relatives
Cone-bearingplants
Floweringplants
Blue greenbacteria
Water-ConductingVascular Tissue
Seeds
FlowersSeeds Enclosed in Fruit
Over time, plants have gone from
simple to complex.
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Flowering Plants have:Monocot
Mono = one cot = cotyledon(seed leaves)
DicotDi = two cot = cotyledon
(seed leaves)
Seeds
Corn Seed Bean Seed
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Flowering Plants have:Monocot Dicot
LeavesParallel Veins Branched Veins
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Flowering Plants have:Monocot Dicot
FlowersMultiples of 3 Multiples of 4 or 5
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Flowering Plants have:Monocot Dicot
Stems
Vascular BundlesScattered
Vascular BundlesIn a Ring
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Flowering Plants have:Monocot Dicot
Roots
Fibrous Root Taproot
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Why does a plant need roots?
To anchor a plant in the groundTo absorb water and nutrients
from the soil like a spongeand store them for later
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Epidermis
Cortex
Vascular Cylinder
A Root Has Layers
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The outside layer of a root Is called the Epidermis.The epidermis provides
Protection
Absorption
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Root Hairs add extrasurface area.
The root cap pushesthrough the soil.
The outside layer of a root Is called the Epidermis.
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Cortex
The middle layer of a root Is called the Cortex.
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Vascular Cylinder
The inside layer of a root Is called the Vascular Cylinder.
The Vascular Cylinderbegins the process of
moving food and waterthroughout the plant.
Sugar
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The Vascular Cylinder contains:
Xylem
W (water) & X (xylem)are both at the end
of the alphabet.
(Pronounced Flow-em)
PhloemCarries Water
Carries Food
Sugar
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Why does a plant need a stem?
To produce
To hold the leaves up to sunlight
To transport nutrients from roots to leaves
leaves, branches and flowers
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Why does a plant need leaves?
For Photosynthesis
For Transpiration
For Gas Exchange
CO2 O2
To Move WaterTo “Breathe”
Sugar
To Make Food
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Guard Cells
Stoma
Guard cells let waterleave the plant.
As water pressure in theguard cells decrease
The size of the stoma decreases.
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Guard cells let waterleave the plant.
As water pressure in theguard cells increase
The size of the stoma increases.
Stoma
Guard Cells
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Looking at a cross-sectionof a leaf, you can see
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Looking at a cross-sectionof a leaf, you can see
Guard Cells Control the sizeof the stoma.
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Looking at a cross-sectionof a leaf, you can see
Stoma Allows gases tomove in and out
of the leaf.22
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Looking at a cross-sectionof a leaf, you can see
CuticleOuter waxy layer
that protects against water loss.
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Looking at a cross-sectionof a leaf, you can see
XylemMove nutrients and
water through the plant.
Phloem
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Photosynthesis
+ +carbondioxide
CO2
oxygen
O2
sugars
Sugar
waterSunlight
Green plants use the energy of sunlight
to convert carbon dioxide and water
into high-energy sugars and oxygen.25
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Photosynthesis
carbondioxide oxygensugarswater
The formula looks like this.
CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2+ +light
The balanced equation looks like this.
6 6 6
Now there are equal numbers of each element on both sides of the arrow.
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Photosynthesis
carbondioxide oxygensugarswater
CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2+ +light
The balanced equation looks like this.
6 6 6
Now there are equal numbers of each element on both sides of the arrow.
6 Carbon
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Photosynthesis
carbondioxide oxygensugarswater
CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2+ +light
The balanced equation looks like this.
6 6 6
Now there are equal numbers of each element on both sides of the arrow.
18 Oxygen
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Photosynthesis
carbondioxide oxygensugarswater
CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2+ +light
The balanced equation looks like this.
6 6 6
Now there are equal numbers of each element on both sides of the arrow.
12 Hydrogen
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Plant ReproductionPlants can reproduce sexually by
Seeds Cones
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Seed DispersalSeeds can be spread by:
Animals
Wind
Water
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Gymnosperms
reproduce using cones.
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Angiosperms
reproduce using flowers.
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Parts of a Typical Flower
How attractive!
PetalsAttract Insects
SepalsProtect theDeveloping
flower
Careful!
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Parts of a Typical Flower
StamenMale partof flower
AntherFilament
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Parts of a Typical Flower
PistilFemale part
of flower(Sounds like “Pigtail”)
Stigma
Style
Ovary
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Plant ReproductionPlants can reproduce asexually by
vegetative propagation.
Stems
PlantletsRoots
Stems, plantlets and roots can become a new plant.37
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Plant ReproductionPlants can reproduce asexually by
plant propagation.
CuttingsGrafting & Budding
A “cut” from a plant cangrow roots when put in soil. Two plants are attached
to form one plant.38
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Plants can respond totheir environment.
Tropisms Winter Dormancy
Plants can respond to stimuli such as gravity,
light, and touch.
A plant’s growth and activitycan decrease or stop for
a period of time.39
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Plants can adapt totheir environment.
Aquatic Plants Desert Plants
Waterlilies have air-filled spaces to help oxygen move.
Coconut seeds floatin water.
Have extensive roots,reduced leaves andthick stems to store
water.40