plasma tv presentation by 07dec047

7/31/2019 Plasma Tv Presentation by 07dec047

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PLASMA TELEVISION

TECHNOLOGYINSTITUTE OF DIPLOMA STUDIES

NIRMA UNIVERSITY.

PREPARED BY BHADRESH R. PARGHI

GUIDED BY MS LIPI K CHHAYA


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What is the root of

plasma television?

The plasma science is behindthis technology.Plasma is often called the

"Fourth State of Matter", theother three being solid, liquidand gas.


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DescriptionPlasma is a distinct state ofmatter containing asignificant number ofelectrically charged particles,a number sufficient to affectits electrical properties andbehavior.


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DescriptionIn addition to being important inmany aspects of our daily lives, plasmas

are estimated to constitute more than 99percent of the visible universe.

In an ordinary gas each atom contains anequal number of positive and negative

charges; the positive charges in thenucleus are surrounded by an equalnumber of negatively charged electrons,and each atom is electrically "neutral".


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How the gas becomes

plasma?

When the gas atoms getsufficient energy in the form oflight or heat they are ionized andbecomes positively charged andelectrons becomes free to move.

Now the gas is ionized andelectrical characteristics are

changed, which is called plasma.


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History of plasma TV.

Todays amazing plasma display panelwas invented at the University of Illinois in1964 carrying high-definition television(HDTV) into millions of homes.

Weber's 60-inch plasma display televisionwhich was developed by Matsushita(bearing the Panasonic label).

the Society for Information Display gaveWeber its highest award in 2000 for hiscontributions to plasma displays.


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Patent for plasma display TV

Donald Bitzer (BSEE '55, MSEE '56,PhD '60) and the late Gene Slottow

(PhD '64), and their first graduatestudent, Robert Willson (PhD '66),whose name appears alongside

those of Bitzer and Slottow on theoriginal plasma display patent.


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Photo of Larry Weber with TV


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The earliest version of TV sets for

the student terminals.


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A 4 x 4 pixel plasma display

It was July 1964, and the

first ac plasma displaypanel had been built. Thepanel's single cell

operated on thefundamental rules thatgovern the millions of cells

in one of today's panels.


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A 4 x 4 pixel plasma display


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A 16 x 16 pixel "UI" display from

1967. (D. L. Blitzer)


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Early press reports prophesied

plasma's potential as a new TV

display technology.


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The transparency of the

monochrome plasma

displays allowed slides

to be superimposed on

images read from thecomputer


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Weber (left) took the Illinoistechnology to Plasmaco and

used it to bring in business.Here he shows off a

transparent screen with

moving graphics at a 1988

convention. (L. Weber)


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W b d S hi dl Pl


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Weber and Schindler at Plasmaco

headquarters in Highland, NY, with

their 60-inch prototype displays.


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The plasma behind television

For the past 75 years, the vastmajority of televisions have been

built around the sametechnology: the cathode ray tube(CRT). In a CRT television, a gunfires a beam of electrons(negatively-charged particles)inside a large glass tube.


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The electrons excite phosphor atoms alongthe wide end of the tube (the screen), which

causes the phosphor atoms to light up. Thetelevision image is produced by lighting updifferent areas of the phosphor coating withdifferent colors at different intensities .

Recently, a new alternative has popped upon store shelves: the plasma flat paneldisplay.

in a video signal, the television lights upthousands of tiny dots (called pixels) with ahigh-energy beam of electrons.

I t t th th


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In most systems, there are threepixel colors -- red, green and blue --which are evenly distributed on the

screen. By combining these colors indifferent proportions, the televisioncan produce the entire colorspectrum.

The basic idea of a plasma display isto illuminate tiny colored fluorescentlights to form an image. Each pixel is

made up of three fluorescent lights --a red light, a green light and a bluelight.


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Just like a CRT television, theplasma display varies the

intensities of the different lightsto produce a full range of colors.

The central element in afluorescent light is a plasma, agas made up of free-flowing ions

(electrically charged atoms) andelectrons (negatively chargedparticles).


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Under normal conditions , the individualgas atoms include equal numbers of

protons (positively charged particles inthe atom's nucleus) and electrons.

negatively charged electrons perfectly

balance the positively charged protons,so the atom has a net charge of zero.

If you introduce many free electrons into

the gas by establishing an electricalvoltage across it, the situation changesvery quickly.


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. The free electrons collide with theatoms, knocking loose other electronsand With a missing electron, an atomloses its balance. It has a net positivecharge, making it an ion.

In a plasma with an electrical currentrunning through it, negatively chargedparticles are rushing toward thepositively charged area of the plasma,

and positively charged particles arerushing toward the negatively chargedarea.


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In this mad rush, particles are constantlybumping into each other.

These collisions excite the gas atoms inthe plasma, causing them to releasephotons of energy.

Xenon and neon atoms, the atoms usedin plasma screens, release light photonswhen they are excited.

. Mostly, these atoms release ultraviolet

light photons, which are invisible to thehuman eye. But ultraviolet photons canbe used to excite visible light photons,as we'll see in the next section.


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Inside the Display

The xenon and neon gas in aplasma television is contained in

hundreds of thousands of tinycells positioned between twoplates of glass.

Long electrodes are alsosandwiched between the glass

plates, on both sides of the cells.


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Inside the Display

The address electrodes sitbehind the cells, along the rearglass plate and transparent

display electrodes, which aresurrounded by an insulatingdielectric material and covered

by a magnesium oxide protectivelayer, are mounted above thecell, along the front glass plat.


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The type of atoms in a plasma,the ratio of ionized to neutral

particles and the particleenergies all result in a broadspectrum of plasma types,characteristics and behaviors.

These unique behaviors cause

plasmas to be useful in a largeand growing number ofimportant applications in our

lives.


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Both sets of electrodes extendacross the entire screen.

The display electrodes arearranged in horizontal rows

along the screen and the addresselectrodes are arranged invertical columns.

The vertical and horizontalelectrodes form a basic grid.


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WORKING

To ionize the gas in a particular cell,the plasma display's supply charges

the electrodes that intersect at thatcell.

When the intersecting electrodes arecharged (with a voltage differencebetween them), an electric current

flows through the gas in the cell.


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As we saw in the last section, the

current creates a rapid flow ofcharged particles, which

stimulates the gas atoms torelease ultraviolet photons.

The released ultraviolet photons

interact with phosphor materialcoated on the inside wall of thecell.


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Phosphors are substances that give

off light when they are exposed toother light. When an ultravioletphoton hits a phosphor atom in the

cell, one of the phosphor's electronsjumps to a higher energy level andthe atom heats up.

When the electron falls back to itsnormal level, it releases energy in theform of a visible light photon.


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The phosphors in a plasma display

give off colored light when they areexcited.

Every pixel is made up of three

separate sub pixel cells, each withdifferent colored phosphors.

One sub pixel has a red light

phosphor, one sub pixel has a greenlight phosphor and one sub pixelhas a blue light phosphors.


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By varying the pulses of current

flowing through the different cells,the control system can increase ordecrease the intensity of each sub

pixel color to create hundreds ofdifferent combinations of red, greenand blue.

In this way, the control system canproduce colors across the entirespectrum.


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Advantages

The main advantage of plasmadisplay technology is that you

can produce a very wide screenusing extremely thin materials.

And because each pixel is litindividually, the image is verybright and looks good from

almost every angle.


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Disadvantages

The image quality isn't quite upto the standards of the best

cathode ray tube sets, but itcertainly meets most people'sexpectations.

The biggest drawback of thistechnology has to be the price.


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With prices starting at $4,000 and

going all the way up past $20,000,these sets aren't exactly flying offthe shelves.

But as prices fall and technologyadvances, they may start to edgeout the old CRT sets.

In the near future, setting up a newTV might be as easy as hanging apicture!


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Quick Plasma TV Facts

Is it true that LCD (Liquid Crystal Displays)last longer than plasma displays?

No. These days, they both last about60,000 hours. Plasma is also moreefficient and gives a better picture onlarger screens because each phosphorcell is illuminated as needed. LCD use

bulbs that require full power all the time.


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Will I have to

"recharge" myplasma?

No. It is a myth thatplasmas need to be

recharged or refilled.


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What is 16x9 aspect ratio?

Width-to-height

relationship on a displaydevice. It is part of theHDTV standard and is also

called "widescreen,"similar to what you see at

a movie theater.


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PHILIPS 50PF9964 PLASMA TV


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plasma tv presentation by 07dec047

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