plate tectonics
TRANSCRIPT
Ilkerender, “Kathmandu, Nepal, Himalayas, Everest”, May 5, 2008 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution-Non Comercisl-NonDerivs
theory proposed in 1960’s and 70’s
Multiple individual plates
Located in the lithosphere
Move at different speeds
Move in different directions
African Plate
Antarctic Plate
Indo-Australian Plate
Eurasian Plate
North American Plate
South American Plate
Pacific Plate
Dr.JohnBullas, “PlateTecto_web”, November 2, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons Atribution-Non Commercial-NoDerivs
Two plates meeting head to head
Three different types of plate boundaries
Different geographic features associated with each
TomDoyle, “Table Top Mt.Unalaka Island”, June 13, 2007 via Flickr, Creative Commons Atribution-Non Commercial-NoDerivs
Plates collide
3 different situations
1) Oceanic –
Continental
2) Oceanic – Oceanic
3) Continental -
ContinentalRyan VandenAkker, “convergent boundary” October 3, 2010 via Paint
Mountains
Volcanoes
Earthquakes
Island Arcs Mono, “Siera Velluda- 3585 mts’’, October 7, 2006 via Flickr, Creative Commons Atribution-Non Commercial-NoDerivs
Himalayas; Asia
Aleutian Islands;
Northern Pacific
Ocean
Andes; South
America
Mariana Trench;
Western Pacific
Ocean
Pontic Mountains;
Northern Turkey
Karabrugman, “the san andreas fault” March 23, 2010 via Flickr, Creative commons Attribution-NonComercial- NoDerivs
Plates “slide” past
one another in
opposite directions
Transform fault-
the fracture
zone between
plates
Ryan VandenAkker, “transform boundary” October 3, 2010 via Paint
Transform Faults
Reoccurring
earthquakes
Usually lack
volcanoesFrank Officeier, “San Andreas Fault 2” May 23, 2007, Creative commons Attribution-NonComercial- NoDerivs
San Andreas Fault
Zone; North America
Alpine Fault; New
Zealand
Dead Sea Transform
Fault; Middle East
Chaman Fault;
Pakistan
North Anatolian Fault;
Turkey
Queen Charlotte Fault;
North America
Debcha, “Southwest Rift”, June 30 2007, Creative commons Attribution-NonComercial- NoDerivs
Plates move
away from one
another.
Space in-
between fills
with magma
and hardens.
Ryan VandenAkker, “divergent boundary” October 3, 2010 via Paint
Mid-ocean
ridges
Continental
Rifts
Rift Valleys
Volcanic
Islands
Hot Spots
Dale Ghent, “La Cumbre lava flow”, April 23 2009 via Flickr, Creative commons Attribution- NonComercial- NoDerivs
Mid-Atlantic Ridge;
Atlantic Ocean
Great Rift Valley; East
Africa
Red Sea Lift
East African Rift
East Pacific Rise;
Pacific Ocean
Explorer Ridge; West
of Canada
Baikal Rift Zone;
Southeast Russia
Gakkel Ridge; Arctic
Ocean
Pacific-Antarctic
Ridge; Southern
Pacific Ocean
West Antarctic Rift;
Antarctica
Galapagos Rise