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When you’re hot,you’re hot

Physics is Phun May 2006

Thermodynamics is a funny subject. The first time you go through the subject, you don’t understand it at all. The second time you go through it, you think you understand it, except for one or two small points. The third time you go through it, you know you don’t understand it, but by that time you are so used to the subject that it doesn’t bother you any more.

- Arnold Sommerfeld (1868-1951)

Molecular Motionand Temperature

Ideal Gas Law

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

If objects A and B are each inthermal equilibrium with a thirdobject C, objects A and B are inthermal equilibrium with each

other.

Thermal Expansion

Heat, Electricityand Magnetism

Shape-Memory Alloy

Heat Transfer:1. Radiation2. Conduction3. Convection

Oxidation and Burning

First Law ofThermodynamics

Conservation of energy appliesto the sum of all forms of energy

for an isolated system.

Themechanical equivalent

of heat.

Thermodynamics of DietingFinal weight = Initial weight

+ caloric intake – calories used

Weight loss by:1. respiration2. perspiration3. elimination

One lb ~ 2500 calories (depends on metabolism)Weight (lbs) x 15 ~ base metabolism rate (ave.)

Perpetual MotionMachines

The N-Machine

There is no ideaso nonsensicalthat you cannotget a physicistto support it.

Second Law ofThermodynamics

No system for converting energybetween various forms

can operate at 100% efficiency.

AtmosphericThermodynamics

Adiabatic expansionand the

adiabatic lapse rate

Adiabatic cooling in mushroom cloud

What is themost important

thermodynamics problem ofour time?

GlobalWarming

                                                                     

                                                                     

Photo courtesy of World of Stockhttp://www.worldofstock.com/

AnthropogenicGlobal Warming

Factors affecting earth temperature:

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun (Mars warming).

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun.2. Clouds.

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun.2. Clouds.3. Forests.

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun.2. Clouds.3. Forests.4. Dust (1816, the year with

no summer: Mt. Tambora,Indonesia, volcaniceruptions, April 1815)

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun.2. Clouds.3. Forests.4. Dust.5. Water vapor.

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun.2. Clouds.3. Forests.4. Dust.5. Water vapor.6. Ethane, methane, etc.

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun.2. Clouds.3. Forests.4. Dust.5. Water vapor.6. Methane, ethane, etc.7. Aerosols.

Factors affecting earth temperature:1. The sun.2. Clouds.3. Forests.4. Dust.5. Water vapor.6. Methane, ethane, etc.7. Aerosols.8. Carbon dioxide.

Duke University Study (April 2006):1. Solar heating effect underestimated2. Removing CO2 by reforestation may

have significant side affects3.Climate less sensitive to greenhouse

gases than generally believed4.Climate warming effect probably has

been overestimated

The coming “Ice Age” of the 1970s:“... extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation.”

- Science magazine (1976)“the world’s climatologists are agreed” that wemust “prepare for the next ice age.”

- Science Digest (1973)“Warning: Earth’s Climate is Changing FasterThan Even Experts Expect.”

- Christian Science Monitor (1974)“... may mark the return to another ice age.”

- New York Times (1975)“… a major cooling of the climate is widely consideredinevitable.”

- New York Times (1975)

No-one will ever get a Nobel Prize for showing that global warmingdoes not exist.

-unknown

Facts (?) about global warming:1. Some winners, some losers.2. The “fix” will be costly.

Possible remedies:1. More than Kyoto.2. The Kyoto accords.3. Wait-and-see compromise.4. Nothing.

Nuclear Power!Wait and see compromise

with REAL positive value!!

Advantages of Nuclear Power:1. Can be done NOW.2. NO carbon dioxide.3. Safe.4. Price competitive.5. Long-term.

Patrick Moore: Going NuclearA Green Makes the Case(for Nuclear Power)OUTLOOK, Washington Post, April 16, 2006

In the early 1970s when I helped found Greenpeace, I believed that nuclear energy was synonymous with nuclear holocaust, as did most of my compatriots. ….

…. Thirty years on, my views have changed, and the rest of the environmental movement needs to update its views, too, because nuclear energy may just be the energy source that can save our planet from another possible disaster: climate change.

"It doesn’t matter what is true; what matters is what people think is true."

Founder, Greenpeace (2000)

Phony picture: moon and sun over North pole ice floats

http://www.snopes.com/photos/natural/northpole.asp

We are on the web at

http://www.physics.umd.edu/lecdem/

Animated Gifs compliments of bellsnwhistles.com

The EndSee you next year!