Project Initiation

Radian Z. HosenSeptember 2012

PM Process Groups vs PM Knowledge Areas

Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring & Control

Closing

Scope

Time

Cost

Quality

Human Resource

Communication

Risk

Procurement

Integration

knowledgeprocess

Process Groups Interact in a Project

time

Level of process interaction

Initiating

Planning

Monitoring & Control

Executing

Closing

Project Boundaries

planning

executing

closinginitiating

Monitoring & control

Project inputs

Project initiator/sponsor

Project boundaries

End users

Project deliverables

Process assets

Project records

Initiating Process Group

•Develop Project Charter•Develop preliminary project scope statement

Apa Project Charter itu ?• Dokumen yang secara formal mengakui dimulainya proyek dan juga

mencakup penugasan Project Manager dan Teamnya serta berisi asumsi-asumsi yang diambil dan hambatan-hambatan yang mungkin timbul.

Dikeluarkan oleh divisi diluar team proyek dan atau oleh atasan yang berwenang dan akan membawahi Team Proyek.

Bagi Kontraktor, Project Charter adalah Dokumen Kontrak lengkap dengan dokumen terkait lainnya yang dikompilasi pada Project Launching Statement

Dalam Project Charter : Tujuan proyek didefinisikan Diskripsi proyek ditetapkan Project Manager ditunjuk dan disahkan Initial Target Dates and Budget diindikasikan

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RZH 2008

Alasan timbulnya Project Charter

• Market demand• Business need• Customer request• Technological advance• Legal requirement• Social need

Contents of a Project Charter• Requirements that satisfy customer, sponsor, & other stakeholder’s

needs refer to chapter about stakeholder• Business needs, high level project description, product requirements• Project purpose/justification• Assigned project manager & authority level• Summary of milestone schedule• Stakeholder influences• Functional organization & their participation• Organizational, environmental, & external assumptions &

constraints• Business case justifying the project• Summary of budget

Stakeholder Analysis

Project Charter

Risks & Constraints

Inputs for Developing a Project Charter• Contract• Project Statement of Work that indicates: business

need, product scope description, strategic plan• Enterprise Environmental Factors: organizational

culture & structure, industrial standards, infrastructure, existing human resources, marketplace conditions

• Organizational Process Assets: formal company’s procedures & database

Role of the Executive in Project Selection

• A prime responsibility of senior management is the selection of projects using two basic parts of processes:– Feasibility study to determine whether the project

can be done, to validate that the project meets feasibility of cost, technological, safety, marketability, & ease execution requirements

– Benefit-to-cost analysis to see whether the company should do it, to validate that the project will provide the required financial & nonfinancial benefits.

Preliminary Project Scope Statement• Project & product objectives• Product / service requirements & characteristics• Product acceptance criteria• Project boundaries• Project requirements & deliverables• Project constraints• Project assumptions• Initial project organization• Initial defined risks• Schedule milestones• Initial WBS• Order of magnitude cost estimate• Project configuration management requirements• Approval requirements

Tools to select projects

• Scaling model• Checklist• Scoring model

FS versus BC AnalysisFeasibility Study Benefit-Cost Analysis

Basic question Can we do it? Should we do it?

Life cycle phase preconceptual Conceptual

PM selected Not yet Identified

Analysis qualitative Quantitative

Critical factors for go/no go •Technical •NPV

•Cost •Discounted cash flow

•Quality •Internal rate of return

•Safety •Return on investment

•Ease performance •Probability of success

•Economical •Reality of assumptions

•legal •Reality of constraints

Executive decision criteria Strategic fit A certain positive margin

Points Penting di Tahap Inisiasi

• Contract Settlement• Project Specification Settlement• Project Procedures Settlement• Project Kick Off• Team Building