Poisons Classifications

Dr. Pravin Tayde,

Professor and Head,

Department of Forensic Medicine,

Bundelkhand Govt. Medical College,

Sagar (M.P.)

Classifn based on Actions

1. Corrosives

2. Irritants

3. Nerotoxic

4. Cardiac

5. Respiratory

6. Miscellaneous

Corrosives

Acids

Alkalies

Acids

1. Inorganic

H2SO4

HCl

HNO3

2. Organic

Acetic acid

Salicylic acid

Oxalic acid

Carbolic acid

3. Vegetable

HCN

Cyanides- KCN

Alkalies

1. OH- Na, K, NH3

2. C03 –Na, K, NH3

Irritants

Inorganic

Organic

Mechanical

Irritants

1. Inorganic

Non metals-

P, Boron, Fluorine, Cl, Br, I

Metals –

Arsenic, Pb, Hg, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Mg, Thallium, Radioactive s.

2. Organic

Vegetable –

Castor oil, croton oil $ seeds,Abrus precatorius, Marking nuts, Calotropis, Colocynth, Aloe, Ergot, Capsicum

Animal –

Snakes, Scorpions, Spiders, Cantharides, Poisonous insects.

Mechanical-

Powdered glass, Diamond dust, Dry sponge, Hairs, Pins, Needles, Nails.

Neurotoxics

Cerebral

Spinal

Peripheral

Cerebral

Narcotic/ somniferous/ sleep producing

Inebrients/ intoxicating

Delirients/ confusional insanity

Narcotics/somniferous/ sleep p

Opium & its alkaloids

1. Morphine

2. Codeine

3. Thebaine

4. Papaverine

5. Noscapine

6. narcine

Inebriants/ intoxicating

1. Alcohol

2. Anaesthetics-

ether, chloroform, nitrous oxide

3. Fuels –

Kerosene, Petrol.

4. Sedatives $ hypnotics –

barbiturates, chloral hydrate, paraldehyde.

5. Insecticides-

Organochlorous- DDT, endrine.

Organophosphorus – parathion, malathion, Tik-20

Coal tar derivatives - naphthalene

Deliriants

Dhatura

Cannabis

Atropa belladona

Hyoscyamus niger

Cocaine

camphor

Spinal

1. Excitants –

nux vomica & its alkaloid strychnine

1. Depressants –

Lathyrus sativus(khesari dal), gelsemium(jasmine)

Peripheral neurotoxic

Conium

Curare

Cardiac poisons

Aconite

Digitalis

Oleander

Tobacco

Respiratory/ asphyxiants

CO

CO2

SO2

H2S

NH3

PH3(Phosphine)

War gases

Sewer gases

Miscellaneous

Analgesics

Antipyretics

Antihistaminics

Tranquilisers

Stimulants- amphetamines

Anti-depressants- tricyclic

Hallucinogens- LSD, Mescaline

Food poisong