poka yoke
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POKAYOKE
RAKESH AMBRE – 04319401L. SUNDARAVALLI – 04419801
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Presentation plan Introduction What is Mistake Proofing? Classifications by Dr. Shigeo Shingo ZQC Vs. SPC Case report – Push buttons Classifications of Pokayoke devices Everyday Examples Characteristics of good Pokayoke
devices Pokayoke in software Conclusions
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Introduction Pronounced as POHkah YOHkay Pokayoke is the Japanese word for mistake
proofing Discrimination between mistakes and defects Mechanism that prevents a mistake from being
made which is obvious at a glance. Examples: Push buttons
Welding nuts into panels
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TO ERR IS HUMAN NATURE
BUT
INTELLIGENCE IS ALSO HUMAN
NATURE
SO
NEVER STOP ,FINDING WAYS OF
NOT MAKING MISTAKES
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POKA YOKE (Mistake Proofing)
INATTENTION ERROR
CAUSESCAUSES EFFECTSEFFECTS
• DISTRACTION
• CONFUSION
• LACK OF PRACTICE
• UNCERTAINTY
• DEFECTS (QUALITY)
• INSUFFICIENT NUMBER (QUANTITY)
• ACCIDENTS (SAFETY)
• WORK DELAY
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No System of Barriers is Perfect…
Error
Harm
Adapted from James Reason’s Managing the Risk of Organizational Accidents
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No System of Barriers is Perfect……But improvements can be made
Error
Harm
Error
Harm
Adapted from James Reason’s Managing the Ris of Organizational Accidents
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WHAT IS MISTAKE PROOFING
A SYSTEM For Organizing Work that
Excludes any risk of error even by the
beginner
Allows everyone to operate without mistake
Prevents error that are about to occur
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Classifications by Dr. Shigeo Shingo Judgment inspection
Inspection in quality Informative inspection
Uses data gained from inspection to control the process and prevent defects. Examples: Traditional SPC and repeated checks and selfchecks in ZQC
Source inspection Before the fact at source, before reaching
customer or Forcing function
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ZQC Vs. SPC "...a look at SPC methods as they are
actually applied shows that feedback and corrective action the crucial aspects of informative inspections are too slow to be fully effective."
PokaYoke techniques to correct mistakes + Source inspection to prevent mistakes = ZQC
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Continued… ZQC is not as effective as SPC for defects
that result from variance in measurement data ZQC is a special case of SPC for defects that
result from variance in attribute data. ZQC's source inspection can be used effectively
to eliminate mistakes and in conjunction with SPC to eliminate the recurrence of special causes.
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Case Report – Push buttons In the old method, a worker began by taking two
springs out of a large parts box and then assembled a switch.
In the new approach, a small dish is placed in front of the parts box and the worker's first task is to take two springs out of the box and place them on the dish. Then the worker assembles the switch. If any spring remains on the dish, then the worker knows that he or she has forgotten to insert it.
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PokaYoke devices A prevention device engineers the process
so that it is impossible to make a mistake at all. A 3.5 inch computer diskette
A detection device signals the user when a mistake has been made, so that the user can quickly correct the problem Small dish for push buttons
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Everyday Examples
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Which dial turns on the burner?
Stove A
Stove B
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Other examples Prevention devices
Microwaves Washing machines Central locking in modern cars Key locks in mobiles
Detection devices Refrigerators Messaging in most soft wares Beeps in automobiles if key is left in ignition
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Characteristics of PokaYoke devices Simple and cheap Part of the process, permitting 100% inspection Placed close to where the mistakes occur,
providing quick feedback. Designed to stop a particular mistake A detection device cannot provide a complete
error proof solution Necessary and not a sufficient solution
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Common Mistakeproofing Devices Guide Pins Blinking lights and alarms Limit switches Proximity switches Counters Checklists
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PokaYoke in software
Prevention devices Development of programming languages
Detection devices Software testing
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Conclusions:
Think simple Think specific Think attributes Think early Think responsive Think reuse
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THANK YOU