Policy Network Study: exploring the dynamics of REDD+ actor strings in IndonesiaMoira Moeliono, Efrian Muharrom, Bimo Dwi Satrio, Cynthia Maharani, and Maria Brockhaus

Asia Pacific Forestry Week, 22-26 February 2016, Clark, Philippines

REDD+ in IndonesiaPolicy development

THINKING beyond the canopy

2010 2011 20122008 2013 2014

REDD+ in IndonesiaInstitutional evolution

2015

DNPI

REDD+ Task Force I

REDD+ Task Force II

REDD+ Task Force III

REDD+ Agency

Min of Env & Min of

For

Pre

sid

en

tial

el

ecti

on

Dismissal of REDD+ Agency,

DNPI, UKP4

2016

“Six years into the partnership, we are now impatient to see more results on the ground,”

“We are very satisfied with the dialogue we have had [and] with the groundwork that has been put in place but I don’t think anyone can

be satisfied when we see the fires last year, when we see continued deforestation [and] when we see continued peat conversion,”

(Norwegian Climate and Environment Minister - Vidar Helgesen)

A network of Influence

Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 47.515 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 44.515 %

Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 56.528 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 75.167 %

Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Environment, National Planning Agency, REDD+ Taskforce, the National Council for Climate Change

MoEF, National Planning Agency, NORAD, AMAN, CIFOR

2015

2012

Internal influence: Climate Change Management Directorate General, NORAD, AMAN, Forest and Environmental Planning Directorate General, CIFOR

Information ExchangeNetwork Centralization (Outdegree) = 56.504 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 31.507 %

2015

Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 50.333 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 52.028 %

2012

The relevance of information, as well as how it is interpreted, used, and abused, shapes the discourse on REDD+ and influences how REDD+ unfolds (Brockhaus

and Angelsen 2012).

Reciprocal information exchange

Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 26.213 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 26.213 %

2015

Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 13.722 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 13.722 %

2012

Collaboration

Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 20.583 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 51.083 %

2012

Network Centralization (Outdegree) = 26.665 %Network Centralization (Indegree) = 18.635 %

2015

Reciprocal collaboration

Collaboration happened when actors consider others as partner, as equal. Often an organization does not consider others as partner, but as fund receiver or etc.

Discussion

• Clear shift in perceived influence less centralized

• REDD+ agency disbanded, influence of MoF dispersed

• New issues emerging from REDD+: fire and haze: prominence of IPB; forest tenure: AMAN; Forest Management Units and the Planning Agency

• Bigger role of private sector (higher degree in all networks): zero deforestation pledges, green development, (CSR)

Conclusions

Changes in bureaucracy has led to shifts in influence within the REDD+ policy arena

Brokers have become less significant direct access to government but whether influential remains questionable

Coalition rhetorical and might not be collaboration

Yet REDD+ has become accepted as an important tool in all the issues and by most actors

REDD+ processes raised awareness and improved understanding

on forest and climate issues, but not yet sufficient to drive significant reforms.

Issues related to REDD+ have become prominent: fire and haze, issue of forest tenure, and the establishment of Forest Management Units

Driver of deforestation and forest degradation no yet tackled.

Thank You